1. Sauer R, Becker H, Hohenberger W, Rodel C, Wittekind C, Fietkau R, et al. Preoperative versus postoperative chemoradiotherapy for rectal cancer. N Engl J Med 2004;351:1731–1740. PMID:
15496622.
2. Rodel C, Martus P, Papadoupolos T, Fuzesi L, Klimpfinger M, Fietkau R, et al. Prognostic significance of tumor regression after preoperative chemoradiotherapy for rectal cancer. J Clin Oncol 2005;23:8688–8696. PMID:
16246976.
3. Gérard JP, Conroy T, Bonnetain F, Bouche O, Chapet O, Closon-Dejardin MT, et al. Preoperative radiotherapy with or without concurrent fluorouracil and leucovorin in T3-4 rectal cancers: results of FFCD 9203. J Clin Oncol 2006;24:4620–4625. PMID:
17008704.
4. Berman JM, Cheung RJ, Weinberg DS. Surveillance after colorectal cancer resection. Lancet 2000;355:395–399. PMID:
10665570.
5. Locker GY, Hamilton S, Harris J, Jessup JM, Kemeny N, Macdonald JS, et al. ASCO 2006 update of recommendations for the use of tumor markers in gastrointestinal cancer. J Clin Oncol 2006;24:5313–5327. PMID:
17060676.
6. Park YA, Lee KY, Kim NK, Baik SH, Sohn SK, Cho CW. Prognostic effect of perioperative change of serum carcinoembryonic antigen level: a useful tool for detection of systemic recurrence in rectal cancer. Ann Surg Oncol 2006;13:645–650. PMID:
16538413.
7. Slentz K, Senagore A, Hibbert J, Mazier WP, Talbott TM. Can preoperative and postoperative CEA predict survival after colon cancer resection? Am Surg 1994;60:528–531. PMID:
8010568.
8. Park JW, Lim SB, Kim DY, Jung KH, Hong YS, Chang HJ, et al. Carcinoembryonic antigen as a predictor of pathologic response and a prognostic factor in locally advanced rectal cancer patients treated with preoperative chemoradiotherapy and surgery. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2009;74:810–817. PMID:
19101093.
9. Huh JW, Kim HR. Postoperative chemotherapy after neoadjuvant chemoradiation and surgery for rectal cancer: is it essential for patients with ypT0-2N0? J Surg Oncol 2009;100:387–391. PMID:
19582821.
10. Dworak O, Keilholz L, Hoffmann A. Pathological features of rectal cancer after preoperative radiochemotherapy. Int J Colorectal Dis 1997;12:19–23. PMID:
9112145.
11. Hermanek P, Junginger T. The circumferential resection margin in rectal carcinoma surgery. Tech Coloproctol 2005;9:193–199. PMID:
16328130.
13. Park IJ, Kim HC, Yu CS, Yoo JH, Kim JC. Cutoff values of preoperative s-CEA levels for predicting survivals after curative resection of colorectal cancer. J Korean Med Sci 2005;20:624–627. PMID:
16100455.
14. Park YJ, Park KJ, Park JG, Lee KU, Choe KJ, Kim JP. Prognostic factors in 2230 Korean colorectal cancer patients: analysis of consecutively operated cases. World J Surg 1999;23:721–726. PMID:
10390594.
15. Wolmark N, Fisher B, Wieand HS, Henry RS, Lerner H, Legault-Poisson S, et al. The prognostic significance of preoperative carcinoembryonic antigen levels in colorectal cancer. Results from NSABP (National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project) clinical trials. Ann Surg 1984;199:375–382. PMID:
6370155.
16. Nakamura T, Tabuchi Y, Nakae S, Ohno M, Saitoh Y. Serum carcinoembryonic antigen levels and proliferating cell nuclear antigen labeling index for patients with colorectal carcinoma. Correlation with tumor progression and survival. Cancer 1996;77(8 Suppl): 1741–1746. PMID:
8608572.
17. Kodner IJ, Shemesh EI, Fry RD, Walz BJ, Myerson R, Fleshman JW, et al. Preoperative irradiation for rectal cancer. Improved local control and long-term survival. Ann Surg 1989;209:194–199. PMID:
2916863.
18. Janjan NA, Abbruzzese J, Pazdur R, Khoo VS, Cleary K, Dubrow R, et al. Prognostic implications of response to preoperative infusional chemoradiation in locally advanced rectal cancer. Radiother Oncol 1999;51:153–160. PMID:
10435807.
19. Chen ZH, Song XM, Chen SC, Li MZ, Li XX, Zhan WH, et al. Risk factors for adverse outcome in low rectal cancer. World J Gastroenterol 2012;18:64–69. PMID:
22228972.
20. Das P, Skibber JM, Rodriguez-Bigas MA, Feig BW, Chang GJ, Wolff RA, et al. Predictors of tumor response and downstaging in patients who receive preoperative chemoradiation for rectal cancer. Cancer 2007;109:1750–1755. PMID:
17387743.
21. Park YA, Sohn SK, Seong J, Baik SH, Lee KY, Kim NK, et al. Serum CEA as a predictor for the response to preoperative chemoradiation in rectal cancer. J Surg Oncol 2006;93:145–150. PMID:
16425302.
22. Yoon SM, Kim DY, Kim TH, Jung KH, Chang HJ, Koom WS, et al. Clinical parameters predicting pathologic tumor response after preoperative chemoradiotherapy for rectal cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2007;69:1167–1172. PMID:
17967307.
23. Perez RO, Sao Juliao GP, Habr-Gama A, Kiss D, Proscurshim I, Campos FG, et al. The role of carcinoembriogenic antigen in predicting response and survival to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy for distal rectal cancer. Dis Colon Rectum 2009;52:1137–1143. PMID:
19581858.
24. Wang JY, Lu CY, Chu KS, Ma CJ, Wu DC, Tsai HL, et al. Prognostic significance of pre- and postoperative serum carcinoembryonic antigen levels in patients with colorectal cancer. Eur Surg Res 2007;39:245–250. PMID:
17457032.
25. Lin JK, Lin CC, Yang SH, Wang HS, Jiang JK, Lan YT, et al. Early postoperative CEA level is a better prognostic indicator than is preoperative CEA level in predicting prognosis of patients with curable colorectal cancer. Int J Colorectal Dis 2011;26:1135–1141. PMID:
21538056.