Data on the Characteristics and the Survival of Korean Patients With Colorectal Cancer From the Korea Central Cancer Registry

Hyoung-Chul Park; Aesun Shin; Byung-Woo Kim; Kyu-Won Jung; Young-Joo Won; Jae Hwan Oh; Seung-Yong Jeong; Chang Sik Yu; Bong Hwa Lee

doi:10.3393/ac.2013.29.4.144

Articles

Page Path: HOME > Ann Coloproctol > Volume 29(4); 2013 > Article

Original Article Data on the Characteristics and the Survival of Korean Patients With Colorectal Cancer From the Korea Central Cancer Registry: Hyoung-Chul Park^*, Aesun Shin^1,2,*, Byung-Woo Kim¹, Kyu-Won Jung¹, Young-Joo Won¹, Jae Hwan Oh, Seung-Yong Jeong, Chang Sik Yu, Bong Hwa Lee; Annals of Coloproctology 2013;29(4):144-149.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3393/ac.2013.29.4.144
Published online: August 29, 2013

Korea Colorectal Cancer Study Group (KOCCS), Seoul, Korea.

¹Cancer Registration and Statistics Branch, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea.

²Molecular Epidemiology Branch, Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea.

Correspondence to: Bong Hwa Lee, M.D. Department of Surgery, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, 22 Gwanpyeong-ro 170beon-gil, Dongan-gu, Anyang 431-796, Korea. Tel: +82-31-380-3772, Fax: +82-31-380-0157, bslee@hallym.ac.kr
Co-correspondence to: Young-Joo Won, Ph.D. Cancer Registration and Statistics Branch, National Cancer Center, 323 Ilsan-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang 410-769, Korea. Tel: +82-31-920-2015, Fax: +82-31-920-2179, astra67@ncc.re.kr

*Hyoung-Chul Park and Aesun Shin equally contributed as co-first authors.

• Received: May 8, 2013 • Accepted: July 2, 2013

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

prev next

5,055 Views
53 Download
35 Crossref
36 Scopus

Full Article

Download PDF

Abstract
INTRODUCTION
METHODS
RESULTS
DISCUSSION
Acknowledgments
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
ARTICLE INFORMATION
REFERENCES

Abstract

Purpose
The incidence rates of colorectal cancer (CRC) in Korea have been increasing during the past decade. Therefore, it is important to understand the characteristics, including survival, of Korean CRC patients. The aim of this study was to use the nationwide cancer registry to evaluate the characteristics of Korean CRC, focusing on the survival, according to tumor location, sex, and specific age groups.
Methods
Using the Korea Central Cancer Registry (KCCR), we analyzed a total of 226,352 CRC cases diagnosed from 1993 to 2010. The five-year relative survivals were compared for the proximal colon, the distal colon, and the rectum. Survival rates were compared between men and women and between patients of young age (less than 40 years old) and patients of advanced age (70 years old or older).
Results
The 5-year survival rates were improved in all subsites between 1993 and 2010. Distal colon cancer showed favorable survival compared to proximal colon or rectal cancer. Females demonstrated worse survival for local or regional cancers, and this difference was significant in for patients in their seventies. Young patients (<40 years old) showed better survival rates for overall and proximal colon cancer comparable to those for older patients (≥40 years old), but advanced age patients (≥70 years old) had worse survivals for all tumor subsites compared to their younger counterparts (<70 years old). These trends were similar in distant CRC.
Conclusion
Korean CRC has certain distinct characteristics of survival according to tumor location, sex, and age. Despite the limitations of available data, this study contributes to a better understanding of survival differences in Korean CRC.
Keywords: Colorectal neoplasms; Korean, Survival

INTRODUCTION

As a result of the increase in the incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) since 1999, it has become the third most common cancer in Korea, with an age-standardized incidence rate of 36.9/100,000 in 2010 [1]. During the past decades, there have been many significant changes in the diagnosis and treatment of CRC, and these may lead to an improved prognosis in Korea. There have been several reports on the incidence of cancer and the survival of patients with cancer, including CRC [2-4]. However, those reports have not fully addressed the variations in the survival features according to tumor location, sex, specific age group, and stage. In addition, the significance of these factors for the survival was not assessed based on a nationwide database.

The Korea Central Cancer Registry (KCCR) was initiated as a nation-wide, hospital-based cancer registry in Korea in 1980 and has covered the entire population since 1999. Under the national medical insurance system, this registry collects information mostly on cancer cases across the country. Thus, an analysis of this registry can be informative and provide an understanding of the features of CRC in Korea. The aim of this study was to use the KCCR data to evaluate the characteristics of Korean CRC, focusing on the variation in survival according to a specific age group, sex, or tumor location.

METHODS

Age, sex, tumor location, and stage were obtained from the Korea National Cancer Incidence Database (KNCI DB). This database between 1993 and 2010 was employed for the current analysis. The KCCR covered a total of 226,352 CRCs in this period.

We measured the 5-year relative survivals for the following time periods; 1993-1995, 1996-2000, 2001-2005, and 2006-2010. Anatomical subsites were defined as the proximal colon (from the cecum including appendix to the splenic flexure of the colon), the distal colon (from the descending colon to the sigmoid colon), and the rectum. The surveillance epidemiology and end results (SEER) stages (local, regional, distant, and unknown disease) could be accessed from 2005 to 2010. We used the 5-year relative survival rate (RSR), adjusted for the mortality expected among other peoples of the same age and sex. The RSR were calculated using the Ederer II method [5]. We also estimated survival differences by sex (male and female) and by age at diagnosis (39 years or younger, 40-49 years, 50-59 years, 60-69 years, and 70 years or older).

To describe characteristics of young-age cancer, we defined it as cancer that developed in a person under the age of forties, and we compared the survival for that group of patient with the survivals for other age groups. We also defined advanced-age cancer as a cancer that develops in a person older than seventies, and we compared the survival for that group with the survivals for other age groups. In addition, we examined survival differences between young-age and advanced-age cancer by using the distant disease (SEER stage) of CRC.

RESULTS

Table 1 shows the 5-year relative survivals for proximal colon, distal colon, and rectal cancers by time period. Survival has improved significantly for all tumor sites of CRC. Distal colon cancer showed the most favorable survival compared to proximal colon cancer or rectal cancer, except for the 1993-1995 period. This finding was reaffirmed by the survival analysis according to SEER stage (Table 2).

In general, females showed worse survival than males (Table 3). In the comparison of sex difference by SEER stage, we observed that elderly women (more than 70 years old), especially those with local or regional disease, had a significantly lower survival rate than men (Table 4). In addition, women were diagnosed at an older age than men. The distribution of age at the time of diagnosis was shifted slightly to older age in females while median age in men remained fairly stable between 2005 and 2010 (Fig. 1). The elderly patients, more than 70 years of age, showed a survival that was somewhat divergent from the survivals of other age groups. Poor survival rate was mostly seen among the SEER stage in this age group (Table 5). This is quite similar to what was observed in the survivals for both men and women. The poor survival of elderly women may largely contribute to the survival difference.

Generally, CRC is regarded as a disease of older patients. Nevertheless, the incidence of CRC at 39 years of age or younger was about 5% in Korea. Except for distal colon cancer, the survival in young patients was slightly higher than the survivals in patients in their forties and in even older patients (Table 6). On the contrary, CRC in the advanced-age group (70 or older) a total incidence of 29.4% and showed a low survival rate for all tumor subsites compared to CRC in patients younger than 70 years of age (Table 7).

These findings continued to overall survival with distant disease. Our detailed analysis showed better survival in distant disease from proximal colon cancer in the young-age group, but survivals from tumors at other sites did not show significant differences (Table 8). In the advanced-age group, the survival with distant disease was lower for all tumor subsites than it was for the other age groups (Table 9).

DISCUSSION

Survival for CRC has improved in Korea during the last decades. Although this better prognosis may not adequately reflect the important progress in the diagnosis and the management of CRC, it is evident that many Korean clinicians have made an effort to improve survival. Many studies have reported a right shift in the incidence of CRC, and that may be due to the greater likelihood of a scope examination [6-9].

A previous study supports this finding, an increase in the incidence of distal colon, followed by proximal colon cancer. On the contrary, over the period, there has been a slow, but steady, decline in the proportion of rectal cancers among CRCs [4]. Recently, the prognosis for patients with proximal colon cancer was worse than that for patients with distal colon [10-13]. However, the reason for and the clinical implication of the difference in survival remain unclear, although many distinct characteristics have been assessed. Weiss et al. [14] reported that no difference in 5-year mortality was observed between right- and left-sided colon cancers. In addition, they showed that proximal colon cancer had a lower mortality in stage II whereas and a higher mortality in stage III. They suggested that tumor biology, including microsatellite instability (MSI), may be associated with this finding. MSI was found more in stage II proximal colon cancer, and this was related to a favorable prognosis. We also demonstrated that survival for right-sided colon cancer was poorer than that of distal colon and that this difference was more significant over regionally advanced disease.

Preoperative chemoradiation has recently been a main treatment option in rectal cancer. Although down-staging of rectal cancer may occur after this therapy, this study was reflective of only final pathologic staging. Thus, for a better understanding of rectal cancer survival, the proportion of patients with preoperative chemoradiation must be considered.

In Korea, a significantly high rate of increase of CRC was observed among males [1]. Male gender was suggested to be a risk factor for CRC; this finding was associated with smoking and alcohol consumption [15-19]. Gender differences in CRC have been studied based on tumor site and patient characteristics. Women are more likely to develop proximal colon cancer with MSI-H (high) [20, 21]. Although the reason for this gender difference is unknown, this may be responsible for the better prognosis in women. Moreover, the survival after resection has been observed to be longer in women than men [22], and female cancer patients in Korea show an improved survival for the majority of solid tumors [23]. However, females had worse survival than males in our CRC data. This difference was prominent in patients with over seventies. Household income and the economic recession were shown to possibly be related to reluctance to undergo CRC screening [24]. Also elderly women were reported to undergo less aggressive medical therapy for advanced disease [22]. Therefore, this finding may be associated with socioeconomic factors and with the hesitancy to undergo aggressive therapy in elderly Korean women. These patients may also be less likely to be afforded regular health monitoring and may have fewer opportunities for earlier diagnosis. Age played a certain role in poor survival and may be an impediment to continued improvements in the prognosis.

In metastatic CRC, Hendifar et al. [25] observed that younger women had longer survival than men whereas older women had shorter survival. They reported that this finding might be related to estrogen, which has been associated with the prevention of colon cancer. Our data support this finding, as shown Table 4.

The relation between young age and prognosis remains controversial. Some studies showed poor survival in younger patients, with advanced disease, later stage or aggressive histology [26-29]. Cancer in the young-age group may be associated with proximal location, a mucinous or poorly-differentiated component, and familial history. On the other hand, some studies have shown no differences in survival between younger and older patients with CRC [30-33].

The incidence of CRC at 39 years or younger was reported between 1.6% and 23% and our data showed 5%. We found that young patients showed comparable survival with patients aged more than 40 years. However, young patients with distal colon cancer should be considered on poor survival. In addition, this finding may be interpreted carefully in the relatively low portion of young age patients and the survival difference should be followed for a better understanding of outcomes according to age.

Elderly age had worse survival than younger age at all SEER stage and tumor sites. Elderly patients were less likely received additional therapy for their disease and to be offered chemotherapy. Comorbidities and poor performance state may also have impacted on their limitation of treatment. It was reported that selective elderly patients who receive chemotherapy were similar to the survival of younger patients [34]. In addition, age was not necessarily influence on the survival under chemotherapy group despite the regimen [35, 36]. Therefore, our data can support the concept that low survival with elderly patients (more than 70 years) may reflect patient selection in Korea. However, treatment rate may have been increased in Korean elderly patients and this difference should be followed continuously.

In metastatic CRC, survival rates of young age under 40 years showed comparable survival except proximal colon cancer which showed better survival compared to their counterpart. Elderly patients more than 70 years also demonstrated poor survival at all tumor sites.

Resection of primary tumor in stage IV CRC has been controversial to benefit in survival [37]; however, recently, this may effect on the improvement of survival [38-42]. Young or elder patient may have extensive metastatic tumor burden and less likely to undergo resection of tumor. Therefore, investigation and comparison of accurate resection rate according to age group can explain this survival difference. In summary, although this study is based on the KCCR with limited availability, such as limited information on SEER stage before 2005, it provides valuable information about survival characteristics of Korean CRC from nationwide database.

Acknowledgments

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

This study was supported by the National Cancer Center Grant (NCC-1310220).

ARTICLE INFORMATION

No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

REFERENCES

1. Jung KW, Won YJ, Kong HJ, Oh CM, Seo HG, Lee JS. Cancer statistics in Korea: incidence, mortality, survival and prevalence in 2010. Cancer Res Treat 2013;45:1–14. Article PubMed PMC
2. Shin A, Joo J, Bak J, Yang HR, Kim J, Park S, et al. Site-specific risk factors for colorectal cancer in a Korean population. PLoS One 2011;6:e23196.Article PubMed PMC
3. Jung KW, Park S, Kong HJ, Won YJ, Lee JY, Seo HG, et al. Cancer statistics in Korea: incidence, mortality, survival, and prevalence in 2009. Cancer Res Treat 2012;44:11–24. Article PubMed PMC
4. Shin A, Kim KZ, Jung KW, Park S, Won YJ, Kim J, et al. Increasing trend of colorectal cancer incidence in Korea, 1999-2009. Cancer Res Treat 2012;44:219–226. Article PubMed PMC
5. Ederer F, Heise H. Instructions to IBM 650 programmers in processing survival computations. Methodological note No. 10. End results evaluation section. Bethesda: National Cancer Institute; 1959.PubMed
6. Cucino C, Buchner AM, Sonnenberg A. Continued rightward shift of colorectal cancer. Dis Colon Rectum 2002;45:1035–1040. Article PubMed
7. Saltzstein SL, Behling CA. Age and time as factors in the left-to-right shift of the subsite of colorectal adenocarcinoma: a study of 213,383 cases from the California Cancer Registry. J Clin Gastroenterol 2007;41:173–177. Article PubMed
8. Singh H, Demers AA, Xue L, Turner D, Bernstein CN. Time trends in colon cancer incidence and distribution and lower gastrointestinal endoscopy utilization in Manitoba. Am J Gastroenterol 2008;103:1249–1256. Article PubMed
9. Larsen IK, Bray F. Trends in colorectal cancer incidence in Norway 1962-2006: an interpretation of the temporal patterns by anatomic subsite. Int J Cancer 2010;126:721–732. Article PubMed
10. Cheng X, Chen VW, Steele B, Ruiz B, Fulton J, Liu L, et al. Subsite-specific incidence rate and stage of disease in colorectal cancer by race, gender, and age group in the United States, 1992-1997. Cancer 2001;92:2547–2554. Article PubMed
11. Meguid RA, Slidell MB, Wolfgang CL, Chang DC, Ahuja N. Is there a difference in survival between right-versus left-sided colon cancers? Ann Surg Oncol 2008;15:2388–2394. Article PubMed PMC
12. Benedix F, Kube R, Meyer F, Schmidt U, Gastinger I, Lippert H, et al. Comparison of 17,641 patients with right- and left-sided colon cancer: differences in epidemiology, perioperative course, histology, and survival. Dis Colon Rectum 2010;53:57–64. Article PubMed
13. Suttie SA, Shaikh I, Mullen R, Amin AI, Daniel T, Yalamarthi S. Outcome of right- and left-sided colonic and rectal cancer following surgical resection. Colorectal Dis 2011;13:884–889. Article PubMed
14. Weiss JM, Pfau PR, O'Connor ES, King J, LoConte N, Kennedy G, et al. Mortality by stage for right-versus left-sided colon cancer: analysis of surveillance, epidemiology, and end results: Medicare data. J Clin Oncol 2011;29:4401–4409. Article PubMed PMC
15. Botteri E, Iodice S, Raimondi S, Maisonneuve P, Lowenfels AB. Cigarette smoking and adenomatous polyps: a meta-analysis. Gastroenterology 2008;134:388–395. Article PubMed
16. Liang PS, Chen TY, Giovannucci E. Cigarette smoking and colorectal cancer incidence and mortality: systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Cancer 2009;124:2406–2415. Article PubMed
17. Hoffmeister M, Schmitz S, Karmrodt E, Stegmaier C, Haug U, Arndt V, et al. Male sex and smoking have a larger impact on the prevalence of colorectal neoplasia than family history of colorectal cancer. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2010;8:870–876. Article PubMed
18. Chung SJ, Kim YS, Yang SY, Song JH, Park MJ, Kim JS, et al. Prevalence and risk of colorectal adenoma in asymptomatic Koreans aged 40-49 years undergoing screening colonoscopy. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2010;25:519–525. Article PubMed
19. Kontou N, Psaltopoulou T, Soupos N, Polychronopoulos E, Xinopoulos D, Linos A, et al. Alcohol consumption and colorectal cancer in a Mediterranean population: a case-control study. Dis Colon Rectum 2012;55:703–710. Article PubMed
20. Elsaleh H, Joseph D, Grieu F, Zeps N, Spry N, Iacopetta B. Association of tumour site and sex with survival benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy in colorectal cancer. Lancet 2000;355:1745–1750. Article PubMed
21. Ashktorab H, Smoot DT, Carethers JM, Rahmanian M, Kittles R, Vosganian G, et al. High incidence of microsatellite instability in colorectal cancer from African Americans. Clin Cancer Res 2003;9:1112–1117. PubMed
22. Paulson EC, Wirtalla C, Armstrong K, Mahmoud NN. Gender influences treatment and survival in colorectal cancer surgery. Dis Colon Rectum 2009;52:1982–1991. Article PubMed
23. Jung KW, Park S, Shin A, Oh CM, Kong HJ, Jun JK, et al. Do female cancer patients display better survival rates compared with males? Analysis of the Korean National Registry data, 2005-2009. PLoS One 2012;7:e52457.Article PubMed PMC
24. Myong JP, Kim HR. Impacts of household income and economic recession on participation in colorectal cancer screening in Korea. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2012;13:1857–1862. Article PubMed
25. Hendifar A, Yang D, Lenz F, Lurje G, Pohl A, Lenz C, et al. Gender disparities in metastatic colorectal cancer survival. Clin Cancer Res 2009;15:6391–6397. Article PubMed PMC
26. Parramore JB, Wei JP, Yeh KA. Colorectal cancer in patients under forty: presentation and outcome. Am Surg 1998;64:563–567. PubMed
27. Minardi AJ Jr, Sittig KM, Zibari GB, McDonald JC. Colorectal cancer in the young patient. Am Surg 1998;64:849–853. PubMed
28. Lin JT, Wang WS, Yen CC, Liu JH, Yang MH, Chao TC, et al. Outcome of colorectal carcinoma in patients under 40 years of age. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2005;20:900–905. Article PubMed
29. Fairley TL, Cardinez CJ, Martin J, Alley L, Friedman C, Edwards B, et al. Colorectal cancer in U.S. adults younger than 50 years of age, 1998-2001. Cancer 2006;107(5 Suppl): 1153–1161. Article PubMed
30. Chung YF, Eu KW, Machin D, Ho JM, Nyam DC, Leong AF, et al. Young age is not a poor prognostic marker in colorectal cancer. Br J Surg 1998;85:1255–1259. Article PubMed
31. Mitry E, Benhamiche AM, Jouve JL, Clinard F, Finn-Faivre C, Faivre J. Colorectal adenocarcinoma in patients under 45 years of age: comparison with older patients in a well-defined French population. Dis Colon Rectum 2001;44:380–387. Article PubMed
32. O'Connell JB, Maggard MA, Livingston EH, Yo CK. Colorectal cancer in the young. Am J Surg 2004;187:343–348. Article PubMed
33. Schellerer VS, Merkel S, Schumann SC, Schlabrakowski A, Fortsch T, Schildberg C, et al. Despite aggressive histopathology survival is not impaired in young patients with colorectal cancer: CRC in patients under 50 years of age. Int J Colorectal Dis 2012;27:71–79. Article PubMed
34. Kumar R, Jain K, Beeke C, Price TJ, Townsend AR, Padbury R, et al. A population-based study of metastatic colorectal cancer in individuals aged ≥ 80 years: findings from the South Australian Clinical Registry for Metastatic Colorectal Cancer. Cancer 2013;119:722–728. Article PubMed
35. Ho C, Ng K, O'Reilly S, Gill S. Outcomes in elderly patients with advanced colorectal cancer treated with capecitabine: a population-based analysis. Clin Colorectal Cancer 2005;5:279–282. Article PubMed
36. Khattak MA, Townsend AR, Beeke C, Karapetis CS, Luke C, Padbury R, et al. Impact of age on choice of chemotherapy and outcome in advanced colorectal cancer. Eur J Cancer 2012;48:1293–1298. Article PubMed
37. Scoggins CR, Meszoely IM, Blanke CD, Beauchamp RD, Leach SD. Nonoperative management of primary colorectal cancer in patients with stage IV disease. Ann Surg Oncol 1999;6:651–657. Article PubMed
38. Ruo L, Gougoutas C, Paty PB, Guillem JG, Cohen AM, Wong WD. Elective bowel resection for incurable stage IV colorectal cancer: prognostic variables for asymptomatic patients. J Am Coll Surg 2003;196:722–728. Article PubMed
39. Kuo LJ, Leu SY, Liu MC, Jian JJ, Hongiun Cheng S, Chen CM. How aggressive should we be in patients with stage IV colorectal cancer? Dis Colon Rectum 2003;46:1646–1652. Article PubMed
40. Cook AD, Single R, McCahill LE. Surgical resection of primary tumors in patients who present with stage IV colorectal cancer: an analysis of surveillance, epidemiology, and end results data, 1988 to 2000. Ann Surg Oncol 2005;12:637–645. Article PubMed
41. Stelzner S, Hellmich G, Koch R, Ludwig K. Factors predicting survival in stage IV colorectal carcinoma patients after palliative treatment: a multivariate analysis. J Surg Oncol 2005;89:211–217. Article PubMed
42. Konyalian VR, Rosing DK, Haukoos JS, Dixon MR, Sinow R, Bhaheetharan S, et al. The role of primary tumour resection in patients with stage IV colorectal cancer. Colorectal Dis 2007;9:430–437. Article PubMed

Fig. 1

Time trends of median age at diagnosis of colorectal cancer between men and women.

Table 1

Five-year relative survival (%) by time period

ICD, international classification of disease; CI, confidence interval.

Table 2

Five-year relative survival of colorectal cancer by tumor distribution according to SEER stage

SEER, surveillance epidemiology and end results; CI, confidence interval.

Table 3

Five-year relative survival of colorectal cancer by sex according to disease state

SEER, surveillance epidemiology and end results; CI, confidence interval.

Table 4

Five-year relative survival of colorectal cancer by sex according to age group (2005-2010)

CI, confidence interval.

Table 5

Five-year relative survival of colorectal cancer by age group according to disease state

SEER, surveillance epidemiology and end results; CI, confidence interval.

Table 6

Five-year survival rates in colorectal cancer according to patients aged <40 years and ≥40 years (the Korea Central Cancer Registry, 1993-2010)

CI, confidence interval.

Table 7

Five-year survival rates in colorectal cancer according to patients aged <70 years and ≥70 years (the Korea Central Cancer Registry, 1993-2010)

CI, confidence interval.

Table 8

Five-year survival rates in distant colorectal cancer (stage IV) according to patients aged <40 years and ≥40 years (the Korea Central Cancer Registry, 2005-2010)

CI, confidence interval.

Table 9

Five-year survival rates in distant colorectal cancer (stage IV) according to patients aged <70 years and ≥70 years (the Korea Central Cancer Registry, 2005-2010)

CI, confidence interval.

Figure & Data

References

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

The Relevance of Sex and Age as Non-Modifiable Risk Factors in Relation to Clinical-Pathological Parameters in Colorectal Cancer
Robert Barna, Alis Dema, Aura Jurescu, Adrian Ovidiu Văduva, Dorela-Codruța Lăzureanu, Octavia Vița, Bianca Natarâș, Ioana Hurmuz, Adelina Vidac, Sorina Tăban, Sorin Dema
Life.2025; 15(2): 156. CrossRef
Gender-specific aspects of oncological diseases: focus on stomach cancer and colorectal cancer
Ilgiz G. Gataullin, Rishat M. Dinov, Bulat I. Gataullin, Yana А. Erpert
Science and Innovations in Medicine.2024; 9(2): 138. CrossRef
Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of the Rectum as a Cause of Acute Obstructive Abdomen. Case Report and Literature Review
Marcos Lenin Zambrano Avellán, Rolando Alberto Castro Cardenas, Yerlyn Narcisa Villacis Hidalgo , Stefhany Tatiana Guerrero Saltos, María Lorena Armijos Pazmiño, María José Peña Pibaque, Flavio Hernan Ante Guanotuña, Josseline Sofía Solano Zambrano, P
Salud, Ciencia y Tecnología.2024; 4: 975. CrossRef
Age-related differences in colon and rectal cancer survival by stage, histology, and tumour site: An analysis of United States SEER-18 data
Sophie Pilleron, Diana R. Withrow, Brian D. Nicholson, Eva J.A. Morris
Cancer Epidemiology.2023; 84: 102363. CrossRef
Sex and gender perspectives in colorectal cancer
I. Baraibar, J. Ros, N. Saoudi, F. Salvà, A. García, M.R. Castells, J. Tabernero, E. Élez
ESMO Open.2023; 8(2): 101204. CrossRef
Sex‐specific differences in colorectal cancer: A multicenter retrospective cohort study
Hyun Jin Joo, Hyun Seok Lee, Byung Ik Jang, Dae Bum Kim, Jae Hyun Kim, Jae Jun Park, Hyun Gun Kim, Il Hyun Baek, Jun Lee, Bun Kim
Cancer Reports.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Colorectal cancer chemotherapy: can sex-specific disparities impact on drug toxicities?
Silvia De Francia, Paola Berchialla, Tiziana Armando, Silvana Storto, Sarah Allegra, Veronica Sciannameo, Giulia Soave, Andrea Elio Sprio, Silvia Racca, Maria Rosaria Caiaffa, Libero Ciuffreda, Maria Valentina Mussa
European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology.2022; 78(6): 1029. CrossRef
Metformin, Statin Use, and Female Colorectal Cancer: A Population-Based Cohort Study in Taiwan
Shu-Hua Hsu, De-Kai Syu, Yu-Chiao Wang, Chih-Kuang Liu, Ming-Chih Chen
Journal of Clinical Medicine.2022; 11(15): 4469. CrossRef
Clinicopathological Characteristics and Outcome of Adolescent and Young Adult-Onset Microsatellite Stable Colorectal Cancer Patients
Kanjana Sukhokanjanachusak, Ananya Pongpaibul, Akarin Nimmannit, Charuwan Akewanlop, Krittiya Korphaisarn
Journal of Adolescent and Young Adult Oncology.2021; 10(5): 573. CrossRef
Patterns of age disparities in colon and lung cancer survival: a systematic narrative literature review
Sophie Pilleron, Helen Gower, Maryska Janssen-Heijnen, Virginia Claire Signal, Jason K Gurney, Eva JA Morris, Ruth Cunningham, Diana Sarfati
BMJ Open.2021; 11(3): e044239. CrossRef
Clinicopathological patterns and survival outcomes of colorectal cancer among young adults in Malaysia: an institutional cohort study
SW Wong, DY Ling, RQ Yeow, RW Chong, R Aziz, NA Aziz, KS Poh, AC Roslani
Singapore Medical Journal.2021; 62(12): 636. CrossRef
Laparoscopic approach for left-sided T4 colon cancer is a safe and feasible procedure, compared to open surgery
Jung Ho Park, Hyoung-Chul Park, Sung Chan Park, Dae Kyung Sohn, Jae Hwan Oh, Sung-Bum Kang, Seung Chul Heo, Min Jung Kim, Ji Won Park, Seung-Yong Jeong, Kyu Joo Park
Surgical Endoscopy.2019; 33(9): 2843. CrossRef
Cross-national analysis about the difference of histopathological management in Tis and T1 colorectal cancer between Japan and Korea
Naohisa Yoshida, Yuji Naito, Yutaka Inada, Yoshito Itoh, Sang Pyo Lee, Jeong Hwan Kim, In-Kyung Sung, Hyung Seok Park, Hye Seung Han, Masayoshi Nakanishi, Mitsuo Kishimoto, Sun-Young Lee
Journal of the Anus, Rectum and Colon.2019; 3(1): 18. CrossRef
Socioeconomic and demographic inequalities in stage at diagnosis and survival among colorectal cancer patients: evidence from a Swiss population‐based study
Anita Feller, Kurt Schmidlin, Andrea Bordoni, Christine Bouchardy, Jean‐Luc Bulliard, Bertrand Camey, Isabelle Konzelmann, Manuela Maspoli, Miriam Wanner, Marcel Zwahlen, Kerri M. Clough‐Gorr
Cancer Medicine.2018; 7(4): 1498. CrossRef
Early onset sporadic colorectal cancer: Worrisome trends and oncogenic features
Giulia Martina Cavestro, Alessandro Mannucci, Raffaella Alessia Zuppardo, Milena Di Leo, Elena Stoffel, Giovanni Tonon
Digestive and Liver Disease.2018; 50(6): 521. CrossRef
Updates on Cancer Epidemiology in Korea, 2018
Sun-Seog Kweon
Chonnam Medical Journal.2018; 54(2): 90. CrossRef
Characteristics and Survival of Korean Patients With Colorectal Cancer Based on Data From the Korea Central Cancer Registry Data
Hyuk Hur, Chang-Mo Oh, Young-Joo Won, Jae Hwan Oh, Nam Kyu Kim
Annals of Coloproctology.2018; 34(4): 212. CrossRef
Female Sex and Right-Sided Tumor Location Are Poor Prognostic Factors for Patients With Stage III Colon Cancer After a Curative Resection
Jung Ho Park, Hyoung-Chul Park, Sung Chan Park, Jae Hwan Oh, Duck-Woo Kim, Sung-Bum Kang, Seung Chul Heo, Min Jung Kim, Ji Won Park, Seung-Yong Jeong, Kyu Joo Park
Annals of Coloproctology.2018; 34(6): 286. CrossRef
Comparison of 627 patients with right‐ and left‐sided colon cancer in China: Differences in clinicopathology, recurrence, and survival
Qiong Qin, Lin Yang, Yong‐Kun Sun, Jian‐Ming Ying, Yan Song, Wen Zhang, Jin‐Wan Wang, Ai‐Ping Zhou
Chronic Diseases and Translational Medicine.2017; 3(1): 51. CrossRef
Treatment of radiation-induced cystitis and vulvodynia via a ganglion impar block using a lateral approach under computed tomography guidance: a case report
Jeong-Eun Lee, Kyung-Hwa Kwak, Seong Wook Hong, Hoon Jung, Seung-Yeon Chung, Jun-Mo Park
Korean Journal of Anesthesiology.2017; 70(1): 81. CrossRef
Mitochondrial UQCRB as a new molecular prognostic biomarker of human colorectal cancer
Hyun-Chul Kim, Junghwa Chang, Hannah S Lee, Ho Jeong Kwon
Experimental & Molecular Medicine.2017; 49(11): e391. CrossRef
Characteristics and outcomes of endoscopically resected colorectal cancers that arose from sessile serrated adenomas and traditional serrated adenomas
Ji Yeon Seo, Seung Ho Choi, Jaeyoung Chun, Changhyun Lee, Ji Min Choi, Eun Hyo Jin, Sung Wook Hwang, Jong Pil Im, Sang Gyun Kim, Joo Sung Kim
Intestinal Research.2016; 14(3): 270. CrossRef
Surgical outcomes of Korean ulcerative colitis patients with and without colitis-associated cancer
Yong Sik Yoon
World Journal of Gastroenterology.2015; 21(12): 3547. CrossRef
Efficacy and Safety of Low-Dose-Rate Endorectal Brachytherapy as a Boost to Neoadjuvant Chemoradiation in the Treatment of Locally Advanced Distal Rectal Cancer: A Phase-II Clinical Trial
Shapour Omidvari, Shadi Zohourinia, Mansour Ansari, Leila Ghahramani, Mohammad Zare-Bandamiri, Ahmad Mosalaei, Niloofar Ahmadloo, Saeedeh Pourahmad, Hamid Nasrolahi, Sayed Hasan Hamedi, Mohammad Mohammadianpanah
Annals of Coloproctology.2015; 31(4): 123. CrossRef
Clinical Features and Prognosis of Resectable Primary Colorectal Signet-Ring Cell Carcinoma
Ho-Su Lee, Jae Seung Soh, Seohyun Lee, Jung Ho Bae, Kyung-Jo Kim, Byong Duk Ye, Jeong-Sik Byeon, Seung-Jae Myung, Suk-Kyun Yang, Sun A Kim, Young Soo Park, Seok-Byung Lim, Jin Cheon Kim, Chang Sik Yu, Dong-Hoon Yang
Intestinal Research.2015; 13(4): 332. CrossRef
Temporal Epidemiological Assessment of Colorectal Cancer Incidence and Mortality in East Kazakhstan, 2004-2013
Kuantkan Zhabagin, Nurbek Igissinov, Zukhra Manambayeva, Tasbolat Adylkhanov, Marat Sandybayev, Murat Nurgazin, Adilzhan Massadykov, Sayat Tanatarov, Daniyar Aldyngurov, Nailya Urazalina, Aizhan Abiltayeva, Ainoor Baissalbayeva, Almagul Zhabagina, Dinara
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention.2015; 16(15): 6413. CrossRef
The effect of high glucose levels on the hypermethylation of protein phosphatase 1 regulatory subunit 3C (PPP1R3C) gene in colorectal cancer
SOO KYUNG LEE, JI WOOK MOON, YONG WOO LEE, JUNG OK LEE, SU JIN KIM, NAMI KIM, JIN KIM, HYEON SOO KIM, SUN-HWA PARK
Journal of Genetics.2015; 94(1): 75. CrossRef
Complete Resection of Colorectal Adenomas: What Are the Important Factors in Fellow Training?
Ji Min Choi, Changhyun Lee, Jeong Hwan Park, Hyeon Jeong Oh, Sung Wook Hwang, Jaeyoung Chun, Seong-Joon Koh, Jong Pil Im, Ji Won Kim, Joo Sung Kim, Byeong Gwan Kim, Kook Lae Lee
Digestive Diseases and Sciences.2015; 60(6): 1579. CrossRef
Sex- and gender-specific disparities in colorectal cancer risk
Sung-Eun Kim
World Journal of Gastroenterology.2015; 21(17): 5167. CrossRef
Colonoscopy Quality is the Answer for the Emerging Issue of Interval Cancer
Jae Myung Cha
Intestinal Research.2014; 12(2): 110. CrossRef
Gender-specific Colorectal Cancer: Epidemiologic Difference and Role of Estrogen
Hee Man Kim, Hyun-Soo Kim
The Korean Journal of Gastroenterology.2014; 63(4): 201. CrossRef
Incidence of venous thromboembolism following major surgery in Korea: from the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service database
H.‐Y. Yhim, M.‐J. Jang, S.‐M. Bang, K.H. Kim, Y.‐K. Kim, S.‐H. Nam, S.H. Bae, S.‐H. Kim, Y.‐C. Mun, I. Kim, C.W. Jung, D. Oh
Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis.2014; 12(7): 1035. CrossRef
Reply on "Data on the Characteristics and the Survival of Korean Patients With Colorectal Cancer From the Korea Central Cancer Registry"
Hyoung-Chul Park, Bong Hwa Lee
Annals of Coloproctology.2014; 30(3): 153. CrossRef
Commentary on "Data on the Characteristics and the Survival of Korean Patients With Colorectal Cancer From the Korea Central Cancer Registry"
Mohammad Mohammadianpanah
Annals of Coloproctology.2014; 30(3): 151. CrossRef
What Should Be Done to Increase Survival in Patients With Colorectal Cancer?
Min Ro Lee, Jong Hun Kim
Annals of Coloproctology.2013; 29(4): 135. CrossRef

PubReader

Cite this Article

Cite this Article: export Copy Download Format; Close

Download Citation

Download a citation file in RIS format that can be imported by all major citation management software, including EndNote, ProCite, RefWorks, and Reference Manager.

Format:

RIS — For EndNote, ProCite, RefWorks, and most other reference management software
BibTeX — For JabRef, BibDesk, and other BibTeX-specific software

Include:

Citation for the content below
Citation and abstract for the content below

Data on the Characteristics and the Survival of Korean Patients With Colorectal Cancer From the Korea Central Cancer Registry

Ann Coloproctol. 2013;29(4):144-149. Published online August 29, 2013

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3393/ac.2013.29.4.144

XML Download

Figure

Data on the Characteristics and the Survival of Korean Patients With Colorectal Cancer From the Korea Central Cancer Registry

Fig. 1 Time trends of median age at diagnosis of colorectal cancer between men and women.

Fig. 1

Data on the Characteristics and the Survival of Korean Patients With Colorectal Cancer From the Korea Central Cancer Registry

Table 1

Five-year relative survival (%) by time period

ICD, international classification of disease; CI, confidence interval.

Table 2

Five-year relative survival of colorectal cancer by tumor distribution according to SEER stage

SEER, surveillance epidemiology and end results; CI, confidence interval.

Table 3

Five-year relative survival of colorectal cancer by sex according to disease state

SEER, surveillance epidemiology and end results; CI, confidence interval.

Table 4

Five-year relative survival of colorectal cancer by sex according to age group (2005-2010)

CI, confidence interval.

Table 5

Five-year relative survival of colorectal cancer by age group according to disease state

SEER, surveillance epidemiology and end results; CI, confidence interval.

Table 6

Five-year survival rates in colorectal cancer according to patients aged <40 years and ≥40 years (the Korea Central Cancer Registry, 1993-2010)

CI, confidence interval.

Table 7

Five-year survival rates in colorectal cancer according to patients aged <70 years and ≥70 years (the Korea Central Cancer Registry, 1993-2010)

CI, confidence interval.

Table 8

Five-year survival rates in distant colorectal cancer (stage IV) according to patients aged <40 years and ≥40 years (the Korea Central Cancer Registry, 2005-2010)

CI, confidence interval.

Table 9

Five-year survival rates in distant colorectal cancer (stage IV) according to patients aged <70 years and ≥70 years (the Korea Central Cancer Registry, 2005-2010)

CI, confidence interval.

Table 1 Five-year relative survival (%) by time period

ICD, international classification of disease; CI, confidence interval.

Table 2 Five-year relative survival of colorectal cancer by tumor distribution according to SEER stage

SEER, surveillance epidemiology and end results; CI, confidence interval.

Table 3 Five-year relative survival of colorectal cancer by sex according to disease state

SEER, surveillance epidemiology and end results; CI, confidence interval.

Table 4 Five-year relative survival of colorectal cancer by sex according to age group (2005-2010)

CI, confidence interval.

Table 5 Five-year relative survival of colorectal cancer by age group according to disease state

SEER, surveillance epidemiology and end results; CI, confidence interval.

Table 6 Five-year survival rates in colorectal cancer according to patients aged <40 years and ≥40 years (the Korea Central Cancer Registry, 1993-2010)

CI, confidence interval.

Table 7 Five-year survival rates in colorectal cancer according to patients aged <70 years and ≥70 years (the Korea Central Cancer Registry, 1993-2010)

CI, confidence interval.

Table 8 Five-year survival rates in distant colorectal cancer (stage IV) according to patients aged <40 years and ≥40 years (the Korea Central Cancer Registry, 2005-2010)

CI, confidence interval.

Table 9 Five-year survival rates in distant colorectal cancer (stage IV) according to patients aged <70 years and ≥70 years (the Korea Central Cancer Registry, 2005-2010)