Annals of Coloproctology

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Colorectal cancer

Impact of the timing of additional surgery after noncurative endoscopic resection of early colorectal cancer on perioperative and oncological outcomes: a single-center retrospective cohort study: Shuhua Zhuo, Yijuan Liu, Kaiyan Wei, Jiantao Zheng, Lin Zhang; Ann Coloproctol. 2026;42(3):345-354. Published online June 26, 2026; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3393/ac.2025.01319.0188

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Abstract PDF Supplementary Material: Purpose
For early colorectal cancer (CRC) following noncurative endoscopic resection, additional curative surgery is the standard of care, but the optimal timing remains unclear. This study investigated the effect of the interval between procedures on surgical complexity, complications, and oncological outcomes.
Methods
This retrospective study included 112 patients with early CRC who underwent additional laparoscopic surgery after noncurative endoscopic resection between August 2019 and August 2024. Clinical and pathological data were collected, with primary endpoints focused on surgical difficulty (operative duration and intraoperative blood loss). Statistical analyses were performed using multivariate analysis of variance, logistic regression, and receiver operating characteristic curve analysis.
Results
The interval between procedures was not significantly associated with surgical difficulty or lymph node metastasis (P>0.05). Multivariate analysis did not identify an optimal timing point for surgery. However, a longer waiting time was independently associated with an increased risk of residual tumor (odds ratio, 1.09; 95% confidence interval, 1.03–1.16; P=0.004). Furthermore, lymphovascular invasion and elevated preoperative carcinoembryonic antigen levels were identified as independent predictors of lymph node metastasis. A higher preoperative lymphocyte ratio was associated with an increased risk of postoperative intra-abdominal infection (r=0.243, P=0.010).
Conclusion
In the era of laparoscopic surgery, the timing of additional surgery does not appear to be the primary determinant of surgical difficulty in CRC. Clinical decision-making should prioritize high-risk pathological features, such as lymphovascular invasion, rather than rigid adherence to a predetermined waiting period. Strategically delaying surgery may facilitate the selection of patients without residual disease, thereby helping to avoid unnecessary procedures.

Minimally invasive surgery

Robotic versus laparoscopic surgery for mid and low rectal cancer: a propensity score–matched analysis of short-term outcomes and costs: Aaron Seah Wei Ming, Isaac Seow-En, Koo Chee Hoe, Lionel Raphael Chen Hui, Yvonne Ng Ying Ru, Ngo Nye Thane, Ivan Tan En-Howe, Rachel Lee Shi Yi, Emile Kwong Wei Tan; Ann Coloproctol. 2026;42(3):355-363. Published online June 16, 2026; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3393/ac.2025.01508.0215

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Purpose
Robotic and laparoscopic approaches to rectal cancer surgery yield comparable short-term outcomes; however, comparative inpatient costs, particularly when stratified by tumor level, remain insufficiently characterized. This study compared short-term clinical and pathological outcomes, as well as index hospitalization costs, for minimally invasive surgery in patients with mid and low rectal cancer.
Methods
All consecutive patients with mid (5–10 cm from the anal verge) and low (<5 cm from the anal verge) rectal cancer who underwent elective minimally invasive surgery between January 2018 and December 2023 were identified. One-to-one propensity score matching was performed using the following covariates: age, sex, body mass index, American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status, tumor level, receipt of neoadjuvant therapy, and presence of a defunctioning stoma. Outcomes and cost components were compared overall and stratified by tumor level.
Results
After matching, 282 patients were included (laparoscopic surgery, n=141; robotic surgery, n=141). Median operative time was longer in the robotic group (368 minutes vs. 325 minutes, P=0.007), whereas the median postoperative length of stay was similar between groups (6.0 days vs. 6.0 days, P=0.255). Rates of conversion to open surgery, anastomotic leak, 30-day mortality, and 30-day readmission did not differ significantly. Histopathological indicators of resection quality, including lymph node yield, margin clearance, and completeness of total mesorectal excision, were comparable. Mean index hospitalization cost was higher in the robotic group (SGD 37,436 vs. SGD 31,724; difference, SGD 5,713; P=0.008), with a greater difference observed in mid rectal cancer (SGD 8,606; P=0.008) than in low rectal cancer (SGD 1,811; P=0.465).
Conclusion
Robotic and laparoscopic surgery yielded comparable short-term clinical and pathological outcomes. Although costs were higher with robotic surgery, the cost differential was smaller for low rectal cancer, identifying this subgroup as a priority for prospective evaluation of clinical and economic value.

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Comment On: “Robotic versus laparoscopic surgery for mid and low rectal cancer: a propensity score–matched analysis of short-term outcomes and costs”
Zhibin Liu, Linfeng Liu, Xueqing Yao
Updates in Surgery.2026;[Epub] CrossRef

Others

Short-term outcomes following emergency Hartmann procedure: a comparison between colorectal and noncolorectal surgeons: Jae Won Jo, Sung Chul Lee, Jung Wook Suh, Hwan Namgung, Dong-Guk Park; Ann Coloproctol. 2026;42(3):315-323. Published online June 16, 2026; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3393/ac.2025.01389.0198

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Abstract PDF: Purpose
Given the increasing staffing shortages that often necessitate noncolorectal surgeons performing emergency colorectal procedures, this study aims to evaluate the effect of surgeon subspecialty on short-term postoperative outcomes in patients undergoing emergency Hartmann procedure and whether strengthening residency training in Hartmann procedure could improve surgical outcomes.
Methods
This retrospective study included 141 patients who underwent emergency Hartmann procedure at a single tertiary center between January 2010 and December 2021. Patients were categorized into colorectal and noncolorectal groups. The clinical characteristics, operative details, and outcomes were compared. Complications were classified using the Clavien-Dindo classification. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify complications and mortality.
Results
The noncolorectal group showed higher age (75 years vs. 69 years, P=0.038), hypertension prevalence (58.4% vs. 40.4%, P=0.039), and physiological instability (C-reactive protein >6.0 mg/dL: 55.1% vs. 36.5%, P=0.034; lactate: 1.90 mmol/L vs. 0.80 mmol/L, P<0.001). Complications were lower in the colorectal group (68.5% vs. 36.5%, P<0.001), with fewer major complications (Clavien-Dindo grade ≥III, 51.7% vs. 15.4%). The colorectal group had a lower mortality rate (25.8% vs. 3.8%, P=0.001). In the multivariate analysis, surgery performed by noncolorectal surgeons remained a significant independent risk factor for complications (odds ratio [OR], 2.96; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.27–6.89; P=0.012) and mortality (OR, 15.53; 95% CI, 2.11–114.18; P=0.006) even after adjusting for age, diagnosis, American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status, C-reactive protein levels, and time to surgery.
Conclusion
Emergency Hartmann procedure for acute conditions yielded better short-term outcomes when performed by colorectal surgeons. These findings suggest that surgeon subspecialty is a critical determinant of survival, independent of patient severity or surgical timing. Improving surgical residency training in Hartmann procedure may enhance outcomes when noncolorectal surgeons must perform it due to staffing constraints.

Others

Decreased fluorescence latency and plateau intensity ratio as predictive markers of intraoperative hypoperfusion: quantitative indocyanine green perfusion analysis in colorectal cancer surgery: Paulina Daniluk-Marsy, Johannes Castelein, Karol Połom, Luigi Marano, Ronald J. H. Borra; Ann Coloproctol. 2026;42(3):324-332. Published online May 27, 2026; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3393/ac.2025.01298.0185

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Graphical Abstract Abstract PDF

Purpose
Intraoperative hypoperfusion is a major risk factor for postoperative anastomotic complications in colorectal surgery. Although most perfusion assessments emphasize arterial inflow, the roles of latency, sustained fluorescence, and venous outflow remain underexplored. This study aimed to identify quantitative indocyanine green (ICG) fluorescence parameters predictive of intraoperative hypoperfusion.
Methods
Eighty patients who underwent colorectal cancer resection between 2018 and 2022 were analyzed. Intraoperative perfusion was evaluated qualitatively using near-infrared ICG angiography and quantitatively through post hoc analysis of fluorescence time-intensity curves. Associations with hypoperfusion were assessed using group comparisons and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis.
Results
Qualitative evaluation indicated hypoperfusion requiring intraoperative relocation of the anastomotic site in 12 patients (15%), with postoperative leakage in 1 patient (1.2%) despite revision of the anastomosis. Quantitative analysis showed that latency was significantly shorter in hypoperfused cases (5.5 seconds [interquartile range (IQR), 1.0–13.0 seconds] vs. 20.0 seconds [IQR, 6.8–27.0 seconds]; P=0.003), and the plateau intensity ratio (PIR; Fplateau/Fmax) was markedly decreased (0.6 [IQR, 0.6–0.7] vs. 0.8 [IQR, 0.6–0.9]; P=0.045). The ROC analysis demonstrated good diagnostic performance for latency (area under the curve [AUC], 0.76; sensitivity, 33.3% [95% confidence interval (CI), 13.8–60.9]; specificity, 92.8% [95% CI, 84.1–96.9]; positive likelihood ratio, 4.6) and moderate accuracy for PIR (AUC, 0.68; sensitivity, 66.7% [95% CI, 39.1–86.2]; specificity, 68.1% [95% CI, 56.4–77.9]; positive likelihood ratio, 2.1).
Conclusion
Quantitative fluorescence analysis identified latency and PIR as complementary markers of perfusion dynamics. Whereas latency reflects early arterial inflow kinetics, PIR captures outflow characteristics related to microvascular and venous integrity. Combining these metrics may improve intraoperative detection of hypoperfusion and support data-driven decisions regarding anastomotic site selection.

Citations

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Understanding Textbook outcome failure after robotic colorectal cancer surgery: a multicenter domain-specific analysis
Tomasz Cwaliński, Zuzanna Bigus, Paweł Lesiak, Patryk Kaczor, Damian Nowiński, Piotr Kurek, Sergii Girnyi, Jacek Piątkowski, Marcin Januszkiewicz, Bartosz Kapturkiewicz, Michał Kazanowski, Maciej Ciesielski, Marek Jackowski, Marek Bębenek, Mateusz Jagiels
Journal of Robotic Surgery.2026;[Epub] CrossRef

Anorectal benign disease

Radiofrequency for the treatment of pilonidal disease: results of a French prospective pilot study: Nadia Fathallah, Amine Antonin Alam, Maria Skoufou, Marie Lazareth, Lucas Spindler, Manuel Aubert, Eric Safa Far, Elise Pommaret, Amélie Barré, Mathilde Wisniewski, Sinon Kurt, Dior Marone, Vincent de Parades; Ann Coloproctol. 2026;42(2):198-207. Published online April 23, 2026; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3393/ac.2025.00850.0121

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Graphical Abstract Abstract PDF: Purpose
Minimally invasive techniques are increasingly applied in the management of pilonidal disease. While laser therapy is well established, radiofrequency (RF) represents a newer alternative with theoretical advantages. However, no prospective data have yet been published on its use. This study aimed to assess the safety, efficacy, and patient satisfaction associated with RF treatment for infected pilonidal sinus.
Methods
We conducted a prospective, single-center pilot study including consecutive patients treated with RF between March and December 2023. The procedure was performed under spinal or general anesthesia in an outpatient setting using a radial RF probe (25 W, 4 MHz) following mechanical debridement. Patients were followed up at 15 days and at 1, 3, and 6 months. The primary endpoint was safety; secondary endpoints included healing rate, predictors of failure, postoperative pain, return to activities, and patient satisfaction.
Results
Forty-four patients were enrolled (median age, 25.5 years; 31 men, 70.5%), of whom 38.6% had undergone previous surgery. The median operative time was 12 minutes. No major complications occurred, and minor early events were reported in 6.8% of cases. Complete healing at 6 months was achieved in 77.3% of patients. Failure and recurrence rates were 13.6% and 9.1%, respectively. A history of prior surgery significantly increased the risk of failure (odds ratio, 0.2; P=0.005). The median peak pain score was 2 out of 10, with a median duration of 2 days. Overall, 33 patients (75.0%) were very satisfied, and 40 (90.9%) stated they would undergo the procedure again or recommend it to others.
Conclusion
RF appears to be a safe, minimally invasive outpatient treatment option for pilonidal disease, demonstrating promising efficacy, minimal postoperative pain, and high patient satisfaction. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT05855733.

Anorectal benign disease

Sinus laser-assisted closure for pilonidal sinus disease: a prospective single-center study: Francesco Esposito, Dorin Sacrieru, Alexandre Cortes; Ann Coloproctol. 2026;42(2):185-191. Published online April 20, 2026; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3393/ac.2025.00927.0132

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Abstract PDF Supplementary Material: Purpose
Pilonidal sinus disease (PSD) is a chronic condition that primarily affects young adults. Sinus laser-assisted closure (SiLaC) has recently emerged as a minimally invasive alternative to conventional surgery, offering potential benefits in postoperative recovery and recurrence rates. This study evaluates the clinical outcomes, safety, and patient satisfaction associated with SiLaC.
Methods
We conducted a retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data from 218 consecutive patients who underwent SiLaC for PSD between February 2023 and December 2024. Demographic characteristics, intraoperative parameters, postoperative complications, healing rates, and recurrence rates were examined. Pain and patient satisfaction were assessed using a standardized questionnaire.
Results
The study cohort included 142 male patients (65.1%), with a mean age of 25.3±8.1 years. The mean operative time was 13.4±4.4 minutes, and all patients were discharged the same day. The overall complication rate was 15.1%, with most complications being minor abscesses (84.8% managed conservatively). Healing rates at 15, 30, and 45 days were 13.8%, 80.2%, and 98.1%, respectively, with a mean healing time of 26.1±9.8 days. Recurrence was observed in 8.7% of patients after a median follow-up of 11 months (range, 3–25 months), decreasing to 6.5% following a second SiLaC procedure. The mean pain score on postoperative day 1 was 2.8±2.4, and patient satisfaction at 30 days was 9.2 out of 10.
Conclusion
SiLaC is a safe, effective, and well-tolerated minimally invasive treatment for PSD, associated with favorable short-term outcomes, rapid recovery, and low recurrence rates. Further research is needed to optimize treatment protocols and assess long-term outcomes.

Complications

Guideline-concordant antibiotic prophylaxis on surgical site infection rates following colorectal surgery: real-world data from Thailand: Prapakorn Tanyakul, Varut Lohsiriwat, Pichapat Ngarmskunroongrote, Naddanai Kaewjaidee; Ann Coloproctol. 2026;42(2):208-215. Published online April 17, 2026; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3393/ac.2025.00913.0130

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Abstract PDF: Purpose
Antibiotic prophylaxis (AP) is a key component in preventing surgical site infections (SSIs). The existing gap between clinical guidelines and real-world practice may influence SSI rates. This study aimed to compare SSI rates between patients receiving guideline-concordant AP based on the 2020 Thailand guideline (group A) and those receiving broader-spectrum and/or prolonged prophylaxis (group B).
Methods
We reviewed a database of adult patients who underwent elective colorectal resection between January 2022 and April 2024 at the largest university hospital in Thailand. SSIs were diagnosed using the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s criteria. SSI rates between the 2 groups were compared, and factors associated with SSIs were determined.
Results
This study included 1,584 patients, with an average age of 66 years, and 822 (51.9%) were male. The most common operation was anterior resection (n=470, 29.7%). A total of 1,030 patients (65.0%) underwent open surgery, and 228 patients (14.4%) had stoma formation. There were 405 patients (25.6%) in group A. Overall, SSIs occurred in 104 patients (6.6%): 69 incisional SSIs (4.4%) and 35 organ/space SSIs (2.2%). There was no significant difference in SSI rates between groups (group A vs. group B: 4.7% [95% confidence interval (CI), 2.9%–7.2%] vs. 7.2% [95% CI, 5.8%–8.8%]; P=0.078). Multivariate analysis identified 3 independent predictors of SSIs: hypoalbuminemia (odds ratio [OR], 2.53; 95% CI, 1.54–4.16; P<0.001), obesity (OR, 1.89; 95% CI, 1.08–3.32; P=0.026), and intraoperative blood loss greater than 400 mL (OR, 1.83; 95% CI, 1.06–3.16; P=0.031).
Conclusion
There was no significant difference in SSI rates following colorectal surgery between patients receiving guideline-concordant AP and those receiving broader-spectrum and/or prolonged prophylaxis.

Minimally invasive surgery

Comparative study of robot-assisted surgery for right-sided colon cancer: a propensity score–matched analysis of the hinotori Surgical Robot System and the da Vinci Surgical System: Koji Morohara, Hidetoshi Katsuno, Tomoyoshi Endo, Kenichi Nakamura, Kazuhiro Matsuo, Kazuki Tsujimura, Tetsuya Koide, Takashi Imanaka, Tomohiro Kubo, Satoshi Arakawa, Tsunekazu Hanai, Zenichi Morise; Ann Coloproctol. 2026;42(2):237-246. Published online April 15, 2026; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3393/ac.2025.01151.0164

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Abstract PDF Supplementary Material

Purpose
The da Vinci Surgical System has led to major advances in robot-assisted colorectal surgery. Following its patent expiration, domestic alternatives such as the hinotori Surgical Robot System have been developed in Japan. However, clinical comparisons between the hinotori and the da Vinci Xi systems remain limited. This study aimed to compare the short-term outcomes of right-sided colon cancer surgeries performed with either system using propensity score matching.
Methods
This retrospective study included 39 patients who underwent da Vinci–assisted surgery and 37 who underwent surgery using the hinotori system. Propensity score matching was performed using 7 covariates: age, sex, body mass index, American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status, clinical T and N categories, and surgeon experience (≥100 prior robotic colorectal surgeries). To assess the robustness of the findings, inverse probability weighting was also applied using the same covariates. Surgical, postoperative, and pathological outcomes were evaluated.
Results
After matching, 27 patients were included in each group. The hinotori group had significantly longer operative and console times (236 minutes vs. 191 minutes, P=0.001; 140 minutes vs. 90 minutes, P<0.001). No significant differences were observed in blood loss, complication rates, length of hospital stay, or lymph node harvest. No conversions or reoperations occurred. One readmission for ileus was noted in the da Vinci group, whereas none occurred in the hinotori group.
Conclusion
Right colectomy assisted by the hinotori system demonstrated short-term outcomes equivalent to those of the da Vinci system, despite a prolonged operative time. Further prospective studies with larger sample sizes and longer follow-up are warranted.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Beyond the era of monopoly to diversity: new horizons in robotic colorectal cancer surgery
Jeonghee Han
Annals of Coloproctology.2026; 42(2): 149. CrossRef

Complications

Comparative outcomes of early and late rectourethral fistula: insights from a multicentric retrospective study on multidisciplinary management strategies: Pauline Jeannot, Edouard Roussel, Alexandre Dutoit, Maxime Collard, Niki Christou, Jérémie H. Lefevre, Amine Souadka, Alves Arnaud, Antonio Castaldi, Martin Bertrand, Nicolas Michot, Benjamin Faivre d’Arcier, Jean Jacques Tuech, Franck Bruyère, Urs Giger-Pabst, Mehdi Ouaïssi, for the French Research Group of Rectal Cancer Surgery (GRECCAR); Ann Coloproctol. 2026;42(1):103-114. Published online February 27, 2026; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3393/ac.2025.00696.0099

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Abstract PDF: Purpose
The objective of this study was to evaluate the natural history of early and late rectourethral fistulas (RUFs) and to determine the long-term outcomes of a multidisciplinary management approach.
Methods
A multicenter retrospective study was performed on patients with RUF who were treated by a combined colorectal and urological team. Early RUF (ERUF) was defined as occurring within 31 days after surgery, while late RUF (LRUF) was defined as occurring thereafter. Surgical procedures and the surgeons involved were recorded, in addition to clinical assessments, radiological findings, and oncological assessments.
Results
A total of 72 patients diagnosed with RUF were treated between January 1, 2010, and June 2023. Patients were divided into ERUF (n=37) and LRUF (n=35) groups. After conservative management, comparisons of success rates for graciloplasty, York-Mason, and delayed coloanal anastomosis as second and third treatments showed higher rates for graciloplasty in ERUF than in LRUF (83% vs. 40%, P=0.034; 71% vs. 33%, P=0.500; and 60% vs. 40%, P>0.999, respectively). The ERUF group demonstrated significantly higher cure rates after the second treatment (83.8% vs. 40.0%, P<0.001). At final follow-up, complete healing was significantly more frequent in ERUF than in LRUF (83.8% vs. 42.9%, P<0.005). Definitive digestive and urinary diversion rates were lower in ERUF (13.5% vs. 48.5%, P=0.001; and 13.5% vs. 25.7%, P=0.240, respectively).
Conclusion
These findings suggest that 30% of patients required a definitive colostomy, with a significantly higher proportion observed in the LRUF group. Moreover, repeated surgical procedures in the LRUF group were frequently unsuccessful.

Colorectal cancer

Upfront surgery versus preoperative chemoradiotherapy: a comparative survival analysis for stage II/III resectable rectal cancer: Nattapanee Sukphol, Thitithep Limvorapitak; Ann Coloproctol. 2026;42(1):115-126. Published online February 26, 2026; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3393/ac.2025.00724.0103

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Graphical Abstract Abstract PDF: Purpose
Current international guidelines recommend neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) followed by total mesorectal excision (TME) for locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC). Although nCRT reduces the risk of local recurrence, it has not demonstrated a survival advantage and increases the likelihood of preoperative overtreatment. This study investigated whether upfront TME could be offered without compromising oncologic outcomes.
Methods
From January 2015 to December 2020, patients with stage II/III LARC who underwent either upfront TME or nCRT followed by TME were analyzed using propensity score matching. Long-term survival outcomes were compared between the 2 groups. The primary endpoint was 5-year disease-free survival. Secondary endpoints included 5-year local recurrence-free survival, distant metastasis-free survival, and overall survival.
Results
A total of 348 patients were included, of whom 138 (39.7%) underwent upfront TME. The upfront TME group showed significantly higher 5-year disease-free survival (63.3% vs. 43.9%) and distant metastasis-free survival (88.1% vs. 70.3%). However, after excluding patients with preoperative mesorectal fascia (MRF) involvement, no significant differences were observed in long-term oncologic outcomes. Following 1:1 propensity score matching, 47 patients from each group were compared. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis revealed no significant differences in any endpoints. Cox regression analysis of the matched cohort indicated that preoperative MRF involvement, positive extramural vascular invasion, and tumor deposits were not independent prognostic factors.
Conclusion
Upfront TME may represent a viable treatment option for selected patients with LARC, particularly those without MRF involvement, providing comparable oncologic outcomes to the standard nCRT approach.

Review

Colorectal cancer

Fluorescence-guided surgery in colorectal cancer: current evidence, quantitative advances, and future perspectives: Kyung-Ha Lee; Ann Coloproctol. 2026;42(1):58-71. Published online February 25, 2026; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3393/ac.2025.01438.0205

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Fluorescence-guided surgery (FGS) has progressed from a qualitative adjunct to a quantitative, data-driven tool in colorectal surgery. Fluorescence-guided angiography for perfusion assessment shows mixed randomized results overall, with signals of benefit in low anterior resection and less-severe leaks; emerging metrics (e.g., time-to-peak, slope, time from the initial fluorescence increase to half of the maximum [T1/2MAX], time ratio [TR]) support objective decision-making. Fluorescence-guided lymphatic mapping can increase D3 yield, whereas consistent oncologic benefit remains uncertain; sentinel lymph node mapping in early colon cancer is feasible but not standard. In advanced rectal cancer, fluorescence may facilitate lateral pelvic node dissection with lower blood loss and selective clearance, though long-term outcomes require confirmation. Tumor-targeted imaging shifts FGS from anatomy to biology, aiding detection of occult disease, characterization of indeterminate lesions after therapy, and therapeutic decision-making for organ preservation. Near-infrared II (NIR-II) agents and hybrid positron emission tomography (PET)/NIR tracers promise deeper penetration and preoperative-to-intraoperative correlation but remain largely preclinical. Platform advances, automated data capture, tumor to background ratio thresholds, and artificial intelligence–assisted analytics are moving FGS toward integrated, reproducible workflows. Priorities include international standardization, prospective trials with long-term endpoints, validated tumor-targeted probes, and digital/robotic integration.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Over and above what is visible and conventional: development of new territories in colorectal cancer management
In Ja Park
Annals of Coloproctology.2026; 42(1): 1. CrossRef
Strategies to Reduce the Risk of Rectal Stump Leakage After Hartmann's Procedure: A Structured Narrative Review
Mohamed Alkashty, Ehab Kahka, Mafdi Mossaad, Waseem Hameed, Abanoub Saleeb, Ahmed Elshawadia, Mohamed Elgazawey
Cureus.2026;[Epub] CrossRef

Guideline

Colorectal cancer

The Korean Rectal Cancer Multidisciplinary Committee Clinical Practice Guidelines for Rectal Cancer version 2.0: Hyo Seon Ryu, Hyun Jung Kim, Dong Hyun Kang, Yoo-Kang Kwak, Han Deok Kwak, Yoon-Hye Kwon, Dalyong Kim, Baek-Hui Kim, Jae Hyun Kim, Ji Hun Kim, Jin Won Kim, Tae Hyung Kim, Hae Young Kim, Soo Min Nam, Gyoung Tae Noh, Jun Woo Bong, Nak Song Sung, Seon Hui Shin, Kil-Yong Lee, Sung Chul Lee, Sea-Won Lee, Jung Won Lee, Jong Min Lee, Myung Hoon Ihn, Joo Han Lim, Woong Bae Ji, Dae Hee Pyo, Young Ki Hong, Jung-Myun Kwak, on behalf of the Korean Rectal Cancer Multidisciplinary (KRCM) Committee; Ann Coloproctol. 2026;42(1):4-33. Published online February 24, 2026; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3393/ac.2025.01396.0199

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Abstract PDF Supplementary Material

Rectal cancer, which accounts for approximately 40% of colorectal cancers, remains a major clinical concern. Recent advances in diagnostic imaging, surgical techniques, radiotherapy, and systemic treatment have steadily improved rectal cancer outcomes. Considering this, the Korean Rectal Cancer Multidisciplinary (KRCM) Committee has aimed to provide clinicians and policymakers with up-to-date, evidence-based clinical practice guidelines to support optimal decision-making, reflecting current evidence, the Korean healthcare context, and patient values and preferences. The Clinical Practice Guidelines for Rectal Cancer version 2.0 were developed through multidisciplinary collaboration with related academic societies, building upon and updating the KRCM Clinical Practice Guidelines version 1.0 (titled “Multidisciplinary guidelines for the management of rectal cancer”). These consensus guidelines of the KRCM were established based on a comprehensive literature review, evidence synthesis, with recommendation development guided by the GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation) methodology, and consideration of applicability in real-world clinical practice under the national health insurance system. Each recommendation has been presented with its strength and level of evidence.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Advances in Neoadjuvant Therapy for Colorectal Cancer
达练
Advances in Clinical Medicine.2026; 16(05): 2273. CrossRef

Original Articles

Minimally invasive surgery

Interim analysis of short-term outcomes between robotic and laparoscopic surgery for colon cancer: results from the ESSIMIC trial: Marco Milone, Sara Vertaldi, Pietro Anoldo, Simona Borin, Graziano Ceccarelli, Anna D’Amore, Maurizio Degiuli, Paolo Delrio, Uberto Romario Fumagalli, Mario Guerrieri, Michele Manigrasso, Monica Ortenzi, Ugo Pace, Felice Pirozzi, Lucia Puca, Wanda Petz, Rossella Reddavid, Daniela Rega, Fabio Rondelli, Antonio Sciuto, Giovanni Domenico De Palma; Ann Coloproctol. 2026;42(1):86-93. Published online February 23, 2026; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3393/ac.2025.00339.0048

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Graphical Abstract Abstract PDF Supplementary Material

Purpose
This study aimed to determine whether the benefits of robotic surgery can be applied to the treatment of colon cancer by evaluating short-term outcomes of robotic versus laparoscopic colonic resection.
Methods
This interim analysis of an interventional multicenter randomized trial was conducted to compare outcomes of robotic and laparoscopic colorectal surgery performed between January 2017 and December 2019. The study specifically assessed short-term outcomes in patients undergoing laparoscopic or robotic right or left colectomy for cancer. In addition, all short-term outcomes were evaluated in separate subgroups of right and left colonic resections through prespecified subgroup analyses.
Results
A total of 323 patients were analyzed, of whom 142 underwent robotic-assisted surgery and 181 underwent laparoscopic surgery. Overall, 109 complications (33.7%) occurred in the short-term period, 41 (28.9%) in the robotic group and 68 (37.6%) in the laparoscopic group, with no differences between groups in intraoperative or postoperative complications. However, grade III complications were significantly more frequent in the laparoscopic group, with 17 cases (9.4%) compared to 5 cases (3.5%) in the robotic group. Oncological radicality was similar between groups. Functional recovery after surgery was superior in the robotic group, as reflected by a shorter time to mobilization (17.5±10.2 hours vs. 21.1±11.5 hours). In the right colectomy subgroup, rates of grade III complications (1.9% vs. 11.7%) and lymph nodes retrieved (20.3±10.3 vs. 20.2±6.4) favored robotic surgery. In the left colon cancer subgroup, functional recovery was also improved with robotic surgery (44.3±22.2 hours vs. 61.1±31.1 hours, as measured by the composite recovery outcome).
Conclusion
Robotic surgery is associated with fewer severe complications and improved postoperative recovery following colonic resections. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02871960

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Beyond the era of monopoly to diversity: new horizons in robotic colorectal cancer surgery
Jeonghee Han
Annals of Coloproctology.2026; 42(2): 149. CrossRef
Economic Reporting and Conflicts of Interest in Randomized Trials Comparing Robot-Assisted With Laparoscopic Colorectal Surgery: A Meta-Epidemiological Systematic Review
Sang-ji Choi, Gibong Chae
Surgery.2026; : 110509. CrossRef

Anorectal benign disease

Patient-reported outcomes after hemorrhoid surgery: early results from a prospective, nationwide, real-world, cohort study on diverse approaches: Metin Kement, Atıf Tekin, Hakan Baysal, Salih Tosun, Orhan Alimoğlu, İlker Sücüllü, Osman Civil, Nevin Sakoğlu, Naciye Çiğdem Arslan, Cihad Tatar, Ali Emre Naycı, Aziz Arı, Ensar Çakır, Rozan Kaya, İlknur Turan, Taygun Gülşen, Serhat Meriç, Erkan Yavuz, Nihat Buğdaycı, Farid Mohamad Hamad, Sezai Leventoğlu, Ramazan Kozan, Özkan Akpınar, Hakan Yanar, Fatih Yanar, Hasan Fehmi Küçük, Mehmet Karahan, Selçuk Kaya, Nail Can Adıgüzel, Tolga Önder, İlker Abcı, Ahmet Zeki Aydın, Ömer Faruk Özkan, Nurhilal Kızıltoprak, Berkay Özcan, Anıl Orhan, Alp Ömer Cantürk, Murat Tan, Yusuf Bilgin, Harun Çok, Azamet Cezit, Mehmet Mahir Fersahoğlu, Mustafa Öncel; Ann Coloproctol. 2025;41(6):573-585. Published online December 30, 2025; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3393/ac.2025.00710.0101

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Abstract PDF Supplementary Material: Purpose
Real-world evidence comparing surgical techniques for symptomatic hemorrhoidal disease (HD) remains limited, despite the availability of multiple approaches. This study aimed to evaluate short-term, interim outcomes from a prospective, nationwide cohort study that compared the effectiveness of different operative techniques based on patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) in patients with symptomatic HD.
Methods
A prospective, nationwide cohort study was conducted at 20 tertiary care centers across Turkiye between July 2022 and July 2024. Adult patients aged 18 years or older with symptomatic HD (grades I–IV) who underwent surgery during this period were included. The choice of procedure was determined by the operating surgeon, and patients were categorized into excisional, fixative, and ablative groups according to the surgical approach used. The primary outcomes were changes in the Hemorrhoidal Disease Symptom Score, Short Health ScaleHD, visual analog scale for pain, and patient satisfaction, assessed from the preoperative period to postoperative day 7 and postoperative week 6.
Results
The study included a total of 315 patients after excluding those who did not fulfil the inclusion criteria. Among them, 239 (78.9%) were male, with a mean age of 43.7±11.7 years. The distribution of patients across surgical groups was 207 (65.7%) in the excisional group, 30 (9.5%) in the fixative group, and 78 (24.8%) in the ablative group. All groups demonstrated significant improvements in PROM scores from preoperative to postoperative assessments. However, no statistically significant differences were observed between groups at any time point for PROM scores or for changes in PROM scores across consecutive evaluations (P≥0.05 for all comparisons). Urinary retention occurred more frequently, and hospital stays were longer in the fixative group (P=0.006 and P<0.001, respectively). The excisional group had a greater need for narcotic use and longer duration of use (P=0.003 and P<0.001, respectively).
Conclusion
This real-world cohort study shows that all 3 surgical approaches are effective for HD, providing comparable short-term symptomatic relief and patient satisfaction. These techniques appear equally valid treatment options, and the choice of procedure may best be individualized based on patient-specific characteristics and surgeon preference. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT05429060

ERAS

Safety and patient’s satisfaction of preoperative carbohydrate drink until 2 hours before colorectal cancer surgery: a single-center, prospective randomized controlled trial: Yun Min Lee, Kyeong Eui Kim, Sung Uk Bae, Seong Kyu Baek, Woon Kyung Jeong; Ann Coloproctol. 2025;41(6):519-527. Published online December 24, 2025; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3393/ac.2025.00521.0074

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Abstract PDF

Purpose
Traditionally, fasting from midnight has been a standard practice in elective surgery for reduce the risk of aspiration. However, Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) programs recommend clear fluid intake until 2 hours before anesthesia. This study aimed to evaluate the safety and patient satisfaction of preoperative carbohydrate drink intake until 2 hours before colorectal cancer surgery.
Methods
Sixty patients who underwent colorectal cancer surgery between April 2021 and February 2023 at Keimyung University Dongsan Medical Center were enrolled. This study included 30 patients who fasted from midnight (nothing by mouth [NPO] group) and 30 patients who consumed a high concentration of complex carbohydrate fluids (New Care NO-NPO) until 2 hours before surgery (No-NPO group). Patient satisfaction was assessed using a visual analog scale. Perioperative and postoperative outcomes were compared.
Results
Basic characteristics of patients were similar for the 2 groups. The No-NPO group had a significantly higher patient satisfaction score than the NPO group (3.7 vs. 2.2, P=0.040). Scores of operative difficulty, operation time, blood loss, postoperative recovery parameters, and postoperative complication rates were similar for the 2 groups. Pathological outcomes were also comparable. No mortality occurred in either group.
Conclusion
High-concentration carbohydrate fluid intake until 2 hours before induction of anesthesia could improve patient satisfaction without increasing postoperative complications, demonstrating its safety and feasibility in colorectal cancer surgery. Trial registration CRIS (cris.nih.go.kr) identifier: KCT0011323.

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Consumption of a 12.5% carbohydrate after 8 h of fasting does not delay gastric emptying in healthy volunteers: a single-blind, randomized, non-inferiority trial
Gang Zhang, Xiaoyan Huang, Ji Feng, Wenchao Yin, Fu Yao
Frontiers in Nutrition.2026;[Epub] CrossRef
Functional recovery after abdominal surgery and the emerging role of acupuncture
Qian-Qian Xu, Yan Yu, Yu-Ning Gao
World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery.2026;[Epub] CrossRef

Complications

Efficacy and safety of novel alginate-based sealants (SEAL-G and SEAL-G MIST) in reducing anastomotic leakage following colorectal anastomosis: a prospective multicenter study: Moshe Kamar, Fahim Kanani, Antonio Spinelli, David Jayne, Lior Segev, Matt Tutton, Isacco Montroni, Hagit Tulchinsky, Mordechai Shimonov, Ron Lavy, Oded Zmora; Ann Coloproctol. 2025;41(5):424-433. Published online October 23, 2025; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3393/ac.2025.00297.0042

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Abstract PDF Supplementary Material

Purpose
This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy, usability, and safety of the novel alginate-based sealants SEAL-G and SEAL-G MIST in reducing anastomotic leakage after colorectal resection.
Methods
This prospective, multicenter study enrolled 160 patients undergoing elective colonic resection with primary anastomosis at 8 centers. SEAL-G was applied in open procedures (n=33), and SEAL-G MIST was used for minimally invasive procedures (n=127), with both sealants applied circumferentially to the anastomotic site. The primary endpoints included the rate of anastomotic coverage and the incidence of leakage within 30 days, classified according to the International Study Group of Rectal Cancer (ISGRC) criteria.
Results
The overall anastomotic leak rate was 3.1% (5 of 160), with only 1 patient (0.6%) experiencing a grade C leak that required reoperation. Four patients (2.5%) developed grade A or B leaks, all of which were managed conservatively. Complete circumferential sealant coverage was achieved in 93.1% of cases. The overall leak rates were 6.1 percent and 2.4 percent, respectively. However, statistical analysis did not show a significant difference. Mean hospital stay was significantly shorter after laparoscopic surgery compared to open surgery (5.1±2.8 days vs. 8.4±5.5 days, P<0.001).
Conclusion
Alginate-based sealants show promise in reducing the severity of anastomotic leaks and in supporting anastomotic healing, demonstrating high technical success and low complication rates. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT04532515

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Long-Term Safety and Efficacy of Alginate-Based Serosal Reinforcement (SEAL-G/SEAL-G MIST) Following Colorectal Anastomosis: A Multicenter, Comparative and Retrospective Cohort Study
Fahim Kanani, Antonino Spinelli, Mordechai Shimonov, Husam Zbede, Nouha Hinnawi, Ron Lavy, Oded Zmora, Moshe Kamar
Journal of Clinical Medicine.2026; 15(4): 1448. CrossRef

Complications

Effect of oral antibiotic bowel preparation versus no preparation on surgical site infections in elective colorectal surgery: a randomized trial: Kavyashree Mallesh, Rajendran Theakarajan, Balasubramanian G, Prashant Penumadu, Raja Kalayarasan, Rajkumar Nagarajan; Ann Coloproctol. 2025;41(5):393-399. Published online October 20, 2025; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3393/ac.2025.00633.0090

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Abstract PDF

Purpose
Surgical site infections (SSIs) represent a significant cause of morbidity following colorectal surgery. While mechanical bowel preparation combined with oral antibiotics is known to reduce SSIs, the independent effect of oral antibiotics alone remains unclear. This study compared the efficacy of oral antibiotic bowel preparation (OABP) versus no bowel preparation (NBP) in reducing SSIs among patients undergoing elective colorectal surgery.
Methods
A prospective, randomized, double-blinded trial was performed at a tertiary care center in India. Eighty-six patients scheduled for elective colorectal surgery were randomized to receive either OABP (oral ciprofloxacin and metronidazole) or placebo, in addition to standard intravenous antibiotics. The primary outcome was the rate of SSIs. Secondary outcomes included anastomotic leak, length of hospital stay, overall morbidity, and readmission rates.
Results
Baseline characteristics were comparable between the groups. The incidence of SSI was significantly lower in the OABP group compared to the NBP group (14.0% vs. 41.9%, P<0.01). The severity of infections and postoperative complications was also reduced in the OABP group (P<0.01). Although rates of anastomotic leak, readmission, and reoperation were higher in the NBP group, these differences were not statistically significant. The mean duration of hospital stay was shorter for patients in the OABP group (8.09 days vs. 11.28 days, P<0.01). No adverse effects related to oral antibiotics were observed.
Conclusion
OABP without mechanical cleansing significantly reduces SSIs, postoperative morbidity, and length of hospital stay in elective colorectal surgery. This approach is safe and effective, offering a strategy to improve surgical outcomes.

Citations

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Bowel Preparation for Colorectal Surgery: Evolution, Evidence, and Contemporary Practice
Rajendran Theakarajan, Subramanian Ashuvanth, Govindarajan Rajagopalan
Indian Journal of Colo-Rectal Surgery.2026; 9(1): 7. CrossRef
Oral antibiotics alone for bowel preparation in colorectal surgery: time to rethink tradition?
Soo Young Lee
Annals of Coloproctology.2025; 41(5): 367. CrossRef

Minimally invasive surgery

Comparative perioperative outcomes of articulated versus conventional straight devices in laparoscopic low anterior resection: a propensity score–matched analysis: Hayoung Lee, Yong Sik Yoon, Young Il Kim, Min Hyun Kim, Jong Lyul Lee, Chan Wook Kim, In Ja Park, Seok-Byung Lim; Ann Coloproctol. 2025;41(5):434-442. Published online October 16, 2025; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3393/ac.2025.00227.0032

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Abstract PDF Supplementary Material

Purpose
Laparoscopic low anterior resection for rectal cancer is technically challenging due to the precision required for mesorectal excision. Articulated instruments were developed to improve precision and oncological safety over conventional instruments. This study compares their perioperative outcomes.
Methods
A retrospective cohort study of 432 patients with colorectal cancer who underwent low anterior resection between August 2022 and February 2024 applied propensity score matching to minimize selection bias. Primary endpoints were circumferential resection margin (CRM), distal resection margin (DRM), and harvested lymph nodes count. Secondary outcomes included postoperative complications.
Results
Following propensity score matching, 84 matched pairs were analyzed. Most patients achieved CRM negativity (>1 mm), with CRM ≥10 mm in 67.9% of the articulated group and 59.5% of the conventional group (P=0.613). Median (interquartile range, IQR) lymph nodes harvests were comparable (20 [14–26] vs. 18 [14–22], P=0.147). The articulated group had a significantly longer DRM (30.0 mm [IQR, 18.0–40.0 mm] vs. 24.0 mm [IQR, 12.0–34.2 mm], P=0.008) and the median operation time (111.0 minutes [IQR, 95.8–125.2 minutes] vs. 99.5 minutes [IQR, 72.0–119.8 minutes], P=0.009). Estimated blood loss, open conversion rates, and postoperative complications, including leakage (7.1% vs. 8.3%, P>0.999) and surgical site infections, (15.5% vs. 9.5%, P=0.383), showed no significant differences.
Conclusion
Articulated laparoscopic instruments demonstrated comparable safety and feasibility to conventional instruments but offered no significant clinical or oncological benefits beyond a longer DRM. Larger studies are needed to evaluate their value in laparoscopic rectal surgery.

Citations

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Comparative perioperative outcomes of single-port laparoscopic ArtiSential versus da Vinci SP platform for totally extraperitoneal inguinal hernia repair: a multi-institutional, propensity score-matched analysis in Korea
In Kyeong Kim, Moonjin Kim, Ji-Yeon Moon, Ri Na Yoo, Jumyeong Song, Chaedong Lim, Choon Sik Chung, Gwan Cheol Lee, Tae Gyu Kim, Young Sun Choi, Dong Geun Lee, Chul Seung Lee
Journal of Minimally Invasive Surgery.2026; 29(1): 3. CrossRef

Minimally invasive surgery

Expanding the boundaries of minimally invasive surgery: the feasibility of robotic natural orifice transluminal extraction colectomy and robotic no-incision colectomy in colorectal practice: Thalia Petropoulou, Kyriacos Evangelou, Andreas Polydorou; Ann Coloproctol. 2025;41(4):346-353. Published online August 28, 2025; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3393/ac.2025.00647.0092

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Abstract PDF

Purpose
Minimally invasive surgery offers reduced trauma, accelerated recovery, and shorter hospital stays. Robotic technology further enhances laparoscopic precision, particularly in colorectal procedures. This study investigated the safety and effectiveness of robotic natural orifice transluminal extraction colectomy (R-NOTEC) and robotic no-incision colectomy (R-NIC), comparing these techniques to the conventional robotic colectomy.
Methods
Outcomes of patients undergoing robotic-assisted colorectal resection—either conventional robotic colectomy or R-NOTEC/R-NIC—using a single docking technique at a tertiary hospital over 3 years were analyzed. All patients were managed according to established Enhanced Recovery After Surgery protocols.
Results
In total, 100 patients were included, with 25 receiving R-NOTEC or R-NIC. The median age was 65 years (range, 30–82 years), and the median body mass index was 31.0 kg/m2 (range, 20.1–43.0 kg/m2). The median length of stay was significantly shorter in the R-NOTEC/R-NIC group than in the conventional robotic group (2.0 days vs. 3.4 days, P=0.021). Other outcomes, such as circumferential resection margin status, lymph node yield, and mortality, were similar between groups. The R-NOTEC/R-NIC group exhibited a slightly lower complication rate, as well as less opioid use. No conversions to open surgery occurred in either group.
Conclusion
R-NOTEC/R-NIC offer significant promise in colorectal surgery by minimizing trauma, expediting recovery, and maintaining oncologic safety. Nevertheless, these procedures require specialized surgical expertise and careful patient selection. Further research should focus on long-term outcomes and standardization of these techniques.

Citations

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Robotic-Assisted Resection of a Giant Mesenteric Lymphangioma in a 36-Year-Old Woman: A Case Report
Thalia Petropoulou, Kyriacos Evangelou, Andreas Polydorou
Cureus.2026;[Epub] CrossRef
Emergency robotic-assisted repair in an elderly patient with strangulated hernia and active influenza A infection: A case report
Kyriacos Evangelou, Andreas Polydorou, Thalia Petropoulou
World Journal of Virology.2026;[Epub] CrossRef
Robotic-Assisted Surgery in Emergency General Surgery: A Prospective, Single-Center, Case Series
Thalia Petropoulou, Kyriacos Evangelou, Andreas Polydorou
Cureus.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Minimally Invasive Versus Conventional Colectomy: Evaluating Clinical Outcomes, Complications, and Recovery in Modern Surgical Practice
Vaseem Akram Vadhooth, Krishnaprasad K, Priyanka L Reddy, Sailesh Kumar S
Cureus.2025;[Epub] CrossRef

Review

Minimally invasive surgery

Comparison of chyle leakage between laparoscopic and open colectomy in patients with colon cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis: Tharin Thampongsa, Sitanun Saengsri, Pichet Wattanapreechanoni, Chairat Supsamutchai, Chumpon Wilasrusmee, Napaphat Poprom; Ann Coloproctol. 2025;41(4):262-270. Published online August 27, 2025; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3393/ac.2025.00045.0006

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Abstract PDF Supplementary Material

Purpose
Laparoscopic complete mesocolon excision (LCME) for right colonic cancer improves oncological outcomes. This meta-analysis aimed to compare the rate of chylous leakage between laparoscopic and open right colectomy with CME for right-sided colonic cancers.
Methods
A literature search was performed up to February 2022. The primary outcome was the rate of chylous leakage. Secondary outcomes included related surgical and clinical parameters. A meta-analysis was performed to calculate risk ratios.
Results
Eleven studies were included. The rate of postoperative chylous leakage was lower in laparoscopic surgery compared to open surgery (risk ratio, 0.63; 95% confidence interval, 0.33–1.20), although this difference was not statistically significant. LCME showed superior outcomes to open CME (OCME) in secondary outcomes, such as reduced blood loss, increased harvested lymph node count, and decreased overall morbidity.
Conclusion
There was no significant difference between LCME and OCME regarding the rates of chylous leakage, anastomosis leakage, or operative time. However, LCME demonstrated superiority in blood loss reduction, harvested lymph node number, and overall morbidity in patients undergoing surgery for right colon cancer.

Citations

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Validation of Risk Factors and Assessment of Their Combined Predictive Efficacy for Perioperative Complications in Laparoscopic Radical Resection of Transverse Colon Cancer
Shiting Jia, Shi Wu, Feng Ying, Long Li
British Journal of Hospital Medicine.2026;[Epub] CrossRef

Original Articles

ERAS

Predicting venous thromboembolism and determining appropriate prophylaxis in elderly patients undergoing colorectal cancer surgery with Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) using the adjusted Caprini score: Young Sun Choi, Hyung Jin Cho, Chul Seung Lee, Dong Geun Lee, Choon Sik Chung, Gwan Cheol Lee, Dong Woo Kang, Jeong Sub Kim, Tae Gyu Kim; Ann Coloproctol. 2025;41(4):279-286. Published online August 26, 2025; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3393/ac.2024.00857.0122

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Abstract PDF Supplementary Material

Purpose
Age and postoperative complications are known risk factors for venous thromboembolism (VTE). Minimally invasive surgery and Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) protocol has been implemented to reduce these risks. The purpose of this study was to assess the short- and long-term effects of a VTE prophylaxis program using the Caprini score in elderly patients undergoing minimally invasive colorectal cancer surgery with the ERAS protocol.
Methods
This retrospective cross-sectional study included 1,043 colorectal cancer patients requiring surgery from January 2017 to December 2019, divided into a control group (≤75 years) and an elderly group (>75 years), with 827 and 216 patients, respectively. The primary outcome was the incidence of VTE; secondary outcome was the incidence of postoperative complications, particularly bleeding.
Results
The incidence of VTE was 1.5% in the control group and 3.7% in the elderly group (P=0.061). Five patients (0.5%) experienced symptomatic VTE, and the Caprini score for all VTE patients was ≤8 points; thus, only mechanical prophylaxis was used. In the multivariable logistic regression, the Caprini score (P=0.024) and cancer stage (P=0.004) were selected. The odds ratios (95% confidence interval) of the Caprini score and TNM staging were 1.758 (1.078–2.867) and 6.152 (2.045–26.510), respectively.
Conclusion
When the ERAS protocol was used for patients with colorectal cancer as perioperative care, the VTE risk was lower than that estimated by the Caprini score. Given that age is a recognized risk factor for major bleeding, criteria for the use of anticoagulation to prevent VTE, particularly in elderly patients, should be carefully evaluated, considering both the bleeding risks and the potential benefits of pharmacologic prophylaxis. Trial registration: Clinical Research Information Service (CRIS; cris.nih.go.kr) identifier: KCT0007804

Citations

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Pushing the boundaries - perioperative risk assessment and short-term surgical outcomes in octogenarian patients with head and neck cancer: comparison with non-oncological elderlies
Małgorzata Wierzbicka, Dorota Świątek, Maria Makuszewska, Kazimierz Niemczyk, Karolina Dżaman, Katarzyna Czerwaty, Bogusław Mikaszewski, Dominik Stodulski, Maciej Kawczyński, Magdalena Rękawek, Małgorzata Wierzchowska, Paweł Burduk, Kamila Sroka, Wioletta
Frontiers in Oncology.2026;[Epub] CrossRef
The Caprini score for venous thromboembolism risk assessment: A scoping review of applications, validation, and future directions
Junbao Zhang, Yuanyi Jiang, Daibing Zhou, Ning Zhu
Journal of Vascular Surgery: Venous and Lymphatic Disorders.2026; 14(4): 102483. CrossRef

Minimally invasive surgery

Propensity score–matched comparison of robot-assisted rectal cancer surgery using hinotori and da Vinci: Hidetoshi Katsuno, Koji Morohara, Tomoyoshi Endo, Kenji Kikuchi, Kenichi Nakamura, Kazuhiro Matsuo, Takahiko Higashiguchi, Tetsuya Koide, Hiromi Kanai, Satoshi Arakawa, Tsunekazu Hanai, Zenichi Morise; Ann Coloproctol. 2025;41(4):310-318. Published online August 25, 2025; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3393/ac.2025.00136.0019

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Graphical Abstract Abstract PDF

Purpose
The hinotori Surgical Robot System (hereafter “hinotori”) is a novel platform for robot-assisted surgery, while the da Vinci Surgical System (“da Vinci”) remains the field standard. This study compared short-term surgical outcomes of rectal cancer surgery between these systems using propensity score–matched analysis.
Methods
A retrospective analysis was conducted of 209 consecutive patients who underwent robot-assisted surgery with the da Vinci and 58 patients with the hinotori system. After 2:1 propensity score matching, 108 da Vinci and 54 hinotori cases were included. Surgical outcomes, including operative time, blood loss, postoperative complications, length of hospital stay, and pathological findings, were compared.
Results
After matching, the baseline demographics were well balanced between groups. The hinotori system was associated with significantly longer operative time (266 minutes vs. 227 minutes, P=0.014) and console time (156 minutes vs. 110 minutes, P=0.001). However, estimated blood loss and postoperative complication rate did not differ significantly. Pathological findings, including the number of lymph nodes retrieved and the incidence of positive surgical margins, were comparable between systems.
Conclusion
In rectal surgery, the hinotori system demonstrates comparable short-term safety outcomes to da Vinci. Despite longer operative times and limited integrated instrumentation, hinotori‐assisted procedures may be feasible in selected patients. Further research should address long-term oncological outcomes and strategies to improve procedural efficiency.

Citations

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Learning curve for robot-assisted rectal resection using the hinotori™ surgical robot system: a risk-adjusted cumulative sum analysis in a surgical team without prior robotic surgery experience
Akiyoshi Ikebata, Koji Okabayashi, Kohei Shigeta, Hiroyuki Hazama, Masayo Ogiri, Jae-Hoon Yoo, Yumi Egashira, Ryusuke Amemiya, Shinichi Tsuwano, Shigeo Hayatsu
Journal of Robotic Surgery.2026;[Epub] CrossRef
Beyond multiport DaVinci®: a closer look at less commonly used robotic systems in resectional colorectal surgery
Rahul Bhome, Subash P Vasudevan
Journal of Robotic Surgery.2026;[Epub] CrossRef
Early Clinical Experience With the Hinotori Robotic Surgical System: Comparable Perioperative Outcomes With the da Vinci Platform in Primary Lung Cancer
Yasuaki Kubouchi, Ryota Yasuda, Yuji Nozaka, Wakako Fujiwara, Shinji Matsui, Yugo Tanaka
Asian Journal of Endoscopic Surgery.2026;[Epub] CrossRef
Global Evolution of Robotic Colorectal Surgery: Lessons from Hong Kong’s Innovation and Implementation
Trevor M. Yeung, Justin N. F. Lam, Rossetti H. Y. Lam, Simon S. Ng
Cancers.2026; 18(8): 1259. CrossRef
Comparative study of robot-assisted surgery for right-sided colon cancer: a propensity score–matched analysis of the hinotori Surgical Robot System and the da Vinci Surgical System
Koji Morohara, Hidetoshi Katsuno, Tomoyoshi Endo, Kenichi Nakamura, Kazuhiro Matsuo, Kazuki Tsujimura, Tetsuya Koide, Takashi Imanaka, Tomohiro Kubo, Satoshi Arakawa, Tsunekazu Hanai, Zenichi Morise
Annals of Coloproctology.2026; 42(2): 237. CrossRef
Beyond the era of monopoly to diversity: new horizons in robotic colorectal cancer surgery
Jeonghee Han
Annals of Coloproctology.2026; 42(2): 149. CrossRef
Experience with hinotori^TM, the Japan-made Surgical Robotic System, in the Initial 94 Cases of Colorectal Cancer
Takehito Yamamoto, Yoshiro Itatani, Koya Hida, Hiromitsu Kinoshita, Ryosuke Okamura, Masahiro Maeda, Yu Yoshida, Nobuaki Hoshino, Keiko Kasahara, Hisatsugu Maekawa, Ryuhei Aoyama, Kazutaka Obama
Journal of the Anus, Rectum and Colon.2026; 10(2): 213. CrossRef
Robotic-Assisted Surgery for Colorectal Cancer Treatment in 2026: An Updated Narrative Review
Cammarata Roberto, La Vaccara Vincenzo, Catamerò Alberto, Bani Lucrezia, Castagliuolo Pierpaolo, Giordano Federica, Castagna Vittoria, Coppola Roberto, Caputo Damiano
Journal of Clinical Medicine.2026; 15(10): 3714. CrossRef
Single-Port Robotic Cytoreductive Surgery for Colon Cancer Peritoneal Recurrence with the da Vinci SP
Hoyeon Kwon, Soo Yeun Park
Annals of Surgical Oncology.2026;[Epub] CrossRef
A Comparative Analysis of the Hinotori and da Vinci Robotic Systems in Total Hysterectomy for Benign Uterine Gynecological Diseases Using Propensity Score Matching
Yutaka Torii, Chiaki Oshima, Ryoma Aoki, Akira Yasue, Kazuhiko Tsukada, Haruki Nishizawa
Asian Journal of Endoscopic Surgery.2026;[Epub] CrossRef
Early Experience of Hinotori Robot System in General Surgery: A Systematic Review
Clara Avelar Mendes de Vasconcellos, Gabriela Lyons, Matheus Daniel Faleiro, Maria Fernanda Andrade Gomes da Silva, Jack Liu, Kohei Shigeta, Raquel Nogueira, Diego Lima
Asian Journal of Endoscopic Surgery.2026;[Epub] CrossRef
Comparison of the short-term outcomes of robotic colorectal surgery between the hinotori™ surgical robot system and da Vinci Xi surgical system: a retrospective propensity score matching analysis and inverse probability of treatment weighting
Chie Hagiwara, Hiroki Uehara, Norikazu Yamada, Yuto Igarashi, Yusuke Fujita, Toshinori Kobayashi, Yoshihiro Mori, Hisanori Miki, Jun Watanabe
Surgery Today.2026;[Epub] CrossRef
Racing toward the future of robot-assisted rectal cancer surgery: a comparative study of hinotori and da Vinci
Sung Uk Bae
Annals of Coloproctology.2025; 41(4): 259. CrossRef

ERAS

The efficacy of mosapride on recovery of intestinal motility after elective colorectal cancer surgery: a randomized controlled trial: Tharin Thampongsa, Bensita Saengsawang, Chairat Supsamutchai, Chumpon Wilasrusmee, Jakrapan Jirasiritham, Puvee Punmeechao, Visarat Palitnonkiat, Napaphat Poprom, Pattawia Choikrua, Pongsasit Singhathas; Ann Coloproctol. 2025;41(3):232-238. Published online June 25, 2025; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3393/ac.2024.00892.0127

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Abstract PDF Supplementary Material

Purpose
Postoperative ileus is the physiologic hypomotility of the gastrointestinal tract that occurs immediately after abdominal surgery. Mosapride citrate is known to enhance gastrointestinal motility. This study aimed to evaluate mosapride’s impact on postoperative ileus and gastrointestinal motility in patients undergoing elective colorectal surgery.
Methods
Forty-four patients with colorectal cancer undergoing surgery at Ramathibodi Hospital between July 2021 and August 2022 were randomly assigned to either a mosapride group or a control group. The mosapride group received 5 mg of mosapride via the enteric route with 50 mL of water 3 times daily, beginning on postoperative day 1, while the control group received 5 mg of a placebo with 50 mL of water on the same schedule. A single investigator, blinded to the treatment assignments in this triple-blind study, evaluated the postoperative time to the first bowel movement and passage of flatus. Secondary outcomes included the time to step diet, length of postoperative hospital stay, and adverse effects.
Results
There were 23 patients in the control group and 21 in the mosapride group. There were no significant differences in baseline patient characteristics between the 2 groups. The mosapride group demonstrated significantly shorter times to the first bowel movement (26 hours vs. 50 hours, P=0.004) and passage of flatus (40 hours vs. 70 hours, P=0.003).
Conclusion
Mosapride significantly improved the recovery of gastrointestinal motility and reduced the length of hospital stay without causing any serious adverse effects in patients undergoing elective colorectal surgery. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT04905147

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Mosapride versus Metoclopramide in Critically Ill Patients with Enteral Feeding Intolerance: A Randomized, Double-Blinded Comparison
Eman Mohamed Elmokadem, Dina Khaled Abou El Fadl, Ahmed Bassiouny, Amir Hanna Samy, Nouran Omar El Said
Drug Design, Development and Therapy.2026; Volume 20: 1. CrossRef

Colorectal cancer

How appropriately can generative artificial intelligence platforms, including GPT-4, Gemini, Bing, and Wrtn, answer questions about colon cancer in the Korean language?: Sun Huh; Ann Coloproctol. 2025;41(3):190-197. Published online June 25, 2025; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3393/ac.2024.00122.0017

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Abstract PDF Supplementary Material

Purpose
This study aims to assess the performance of 4 generative artificial intelligence (AI) platforms—Gemini (formerly Bard), Bing, GPT-4, and Wrtn—in answering questions about colon cancer in the Korean language. Two main research questions guided this study. First, which AI platform provides the most accurate answers? Second, can these AI-generated answers be reliably used to educate patients and their families about colon cancer?
Methods
Ten questions selected by the author were posed to the 4 generative AI platforms on February 22, 2024. Two colorectal surgeons in Korea, each with over 20 years of clinical experience, independently evaluated the answers provided by these generative AI platforms.
Results
The generative AI platforms scored an average of 5.5 out of 10 points. Wrtn achieved the highest score at 6 points, followed by GPT-4 and Gemini, each with 5.5, and Bing, scoring 5 points. The weighted κ for inter-rater reliability was 0.597 (P<0.001). The generative AI platforms performed well in explaining the occult blood test for cancer screening, keyhole surgery, and dietary recommendations for cancer prevention. However, they demonstrated significant limitations in answering more complex topics, such as estimating survival rates following surgery, choosing targeted therapy after surgery, and accurately reporting the mortality rate due to colon cancer in Korea.
Conclusion
The findings suggest that using these generative AI platforms as educational resources for patients and their families regarding colon cancer is premature. Further training on colorectal diseases is required before these AI platforms can be considered reliable information sources for the general public in Korea.

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Aleksander Sergeevich Luchinin, O. E. Ochirova, V. G. Potapenko, V. V. Ryabchikova
Clinical Oncohematology.2026; 19(1): 81. CrossRef
Agentic artificial intelligence is the future of cancer detection and diagnosis
Sayedur Rahman, Md. Tanzib Hosain, Nafiz Fahad, Md. Kishor Morol, Md. Jakir Hossen
Array.2026; 29: 100676. CrossRef
Artificial intelligence in gastroenterology clinical practice: Scoping review of large language model applications
Yigit Yazarkan, Gamze Sonmez, Cem Simsek
International Journal of Medical Informatics.2026; 214: 106413. CrossRef
Role of Medical Editors in the Age of Generative Artificial Intelligence
Sun Huh
Healthcare Informatics Research.2025; 31(4): 317. CrossRef
Temporal evolution of large language models (LLMs) in oncology
Zilin Qiu, Aimin Jiang, Chang Qi, Wenyi Gan, Lingxuan Zhu, Weiming Mou, Dongqiang Zeng, Mingjia Xiao, Guangdi Chu, Shengkun Peng, Hank Z. H. Wong, Lin Zhang, Hengguo Zhang, Xinpei Deng, Quan Cheng, Bufu Tang, Yaxuan Wang, Jian Zhang, Anqi Lin, Peng Luo
Journal of Translational Medicine.2025;[Epub] CrossRef

Minimally invasive surgery

Minimally invasive transanal excision for rectal tumors: technical feasibility compared to conventional approach: Ji Yeon Mun, Gyu Sung Geong, Nina Yoo, Hyung Jin Kim, Hyeon-Min Cho, Bong-Hyeon Kye; Ann Coloproctol. 2025;41(2):162-168. Published online April 29, 2025; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3393/ac.2024.00864.0123

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Graphical Abstract Abstract PDF Supplementary Material

Purpose
The technique for transanal resection of rectal tumors has evolved from conventional methods to minimally invasive approaches. However, the research comparing long-term results between these approaches is limited.
Methods
Between 2016 and 2022, a total of 133 patients who underwent transanal excision were analyzed. Patients were classified into 2 groups according to surgical approach: conventional transanal approach (CTA) and minimally invasive transanal approach (MTA). Medical records were analyzed to compare surgical and oncological outcomes between the 2 groups.
Results
There were no significant differences observed in patient’s demographics and tumor characteristics, except the MTA group exhibited a statistically longer distance from the anal verge. Although statistical significance was not reached, the MTA group demonstrated a 100% margin-negative rate in contrast to the CTA group, which had worse outcomes for both margin status and fragmentation. Recurrence was observed only in the CTA group containing pT1 rectal cancer and grade 1 neuroendocrine tumor, with negative margins and no fragmentation.
Conclusion
The minimally invasive approach did not demonstrate statistical superiority but showed technical feasibility through the absence of margin-positive cases and the use of the clip handle method. Further studies are needed to validate these findings and assess broader applicability.

Citations

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Single-port robotic versus laparoscopic transanal minimally invasive surgery (TAMIS) for rectal neoplasms: a first comparative analysis of surgical efficiency and clinical outcomes
In Kyeong Kim, Yoon Suk Lee, Ji Yeon Mun, Jung Hoon Bae, Nina Yoo, Bong Hyeon Kye, In Kyu Lee, Hyeon Min Cho
Surgical Endoscopy.2026; 40(4): 3548. CrossRef
Minimally invasive transanal excision over conventional transanal excision: pursuing the perfect removal of early rectal cancer
HyungJoo Baik
Annals of Coloproctology.2025; 41(2): 105. CrossRef

Minimally invasive surgery

Impact of single-port laparoscopic approach on scar assessment by patients and observers: a multicenter retrospective study: Sung Uk Bae, Kyeong Eui Kim, Chang-Woo Kim, Ji-Hoon Kim, Woon Kyung Jeong, Yoon-Suk Lee, Seong Kyu Baek, Suk-Hwan Lee, Jun-Gi Kim; Ann Coloproctol. 2025;41(2):154-161. Published online April 29, 2025; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3393/ac.2024.00563.0080

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Abstract PDF

Purpose
This study aimed to compare the wound cosmesis of a single-incision approach on scar assessment after laparoscopic surgery for colon cancer.
Methods
This study included 32 patients undergoing single-port laparoscopic surgery (SPLS) and 61 patients undergoing multiport laparoscopic surgery (MPLS) for colon cancer at 3 tertiary referral hospitals between September 2011 and December 2019. We modified and applied the Korean version of the Patient and Observer Scar Assessment Scale (POSAS) to assess cosmetic outcomes. To assess the interobserver reliability using intraclass correlation coefficient values for the Observer Scar Assessment Scale (OSAS), the surgeons evaluated 5 images of postoperative scars.
Results
No significant differences were observed in the time before the return of normal bowel function, time to sips of water and soft diet initiation, length of in-hospital stay, and postoperative complication rate. The SPLS group had a shorter total incision length than the MPLS group. The POSAS favored the SPLS approach, revealing significant differences in the Patient Scar Assessment Scale (PSAS), OSAS, and overall scores. The SPLS approach was an independent factor influencing the POSAS, PSAS, and OSAS scores. Eleven colorectal surgeons had a significantly substantial intraclass coefficient.
Conclusion
The cosmetic outcomes of SPLS as assessed by the patients and surgeons were superior to those of MPLS in colon cancer. Reducing the number of ports is an independent factor affecting scar assessment by patients and observers.

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Jialong Zhang, Longxiang Zhou, Hao Li, Hexi Du, Hongzhi Wang, Sheng Tai, Chaozhao Liang
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Cureus.2025;[Epub] CrossRef

Complications

Bedside endoscopic inspection of colorectal anastomoses in the early postoperative period: a 2-center prospective feasibility study: David J. Nijssen, Roel Hompes, Jurriaan Tuynman, Jimme K. Wiggers, Willem A. Bemelman, Saidah Sahid, James Kinross, Wytze Laméris; Ann Coloproctol. 2025;41(2):127-135. Published online April 14, 2025; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3393/ac.2024.00584.0083

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Abstract PDF

Purpose
Early diagnosis of anastomotic leakage (AL) after colorectal surgery can reduce severe postoperative morbidity and ensure successful treatment. This study evaluated the feasibility of bedside endoscopic inspection of the anastomosis early postoperatively using a point-of-care digital rectoscope.
Methods
This prospective study was conducted at 2 tertiary centers. Patients who underwent minimally invasive or open sphincter-preserving surgery with creation of a colorectal or coloanal anastomosis were included. Data were collected from December 2022 to October 2023. Bedside anastomotic inspections were performed postoperative day (POD) 3 to 5 using a point-of-care digital rectoscope. The primary outcome was feasibility, defined as adequate clinical assessment of the anastomosis during bedside inspection. Secondary outcomes included patient tolerability, efficacy compared to other diagnostic methods, and clinical outcomes during 90 days of follow-up.
Results
In total, 35 patients were included. All bedside anastomotic inspections were carried out successfully. The examination showed complete visibility of the entire anastomosis in 30 patients (85.7%), with minimal discomfort reported by 3 (8.6%). No adverse events were recorded. AL occurred in 6 patients (17.1%), with 3 cases detected during bedside inspections between POD 3 and 5. Two leaks were detected without clinical or biochemical suspicion. Three patients with negative rectoscopy between POD 3 and 5 were later diagnosed with AL: 2 by a computed tomography scan and 1 by a bedside rectoscopy.
Conclusion
Bedside inspection of rectal anastomoses early postoperatively is feasible and tolerable for patients. Routine anastomotic inspections can detect early AL even without clear clinical or biochemical signs.

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David J. Nijssen, Mark Broekman, Franny Rensink, Gijs Stuart, Ritch T. J. Geitenbeek, Joost Stael, Susan van Dieren, Willem A. Bemelman, Jurriaan Tuynman, Esther C. J. Consten, Roel Hompes, Wytze Laméris, G. J. D. van Acker, T. S. Aukema, H. J. Belgers, F
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Elroy Weledji
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Cost analysis of the use of digital rectoscopy versus flexible sigmoidoscopy in rectal cancer patients undergoing watch and wait
Harpreet Kaur Sekhon Inderjit Singh, Holly Harper, Valentin Butnari, Rebecca Beni, Emilio Lozano, Arnold Goede
BMJ Open.2026; 16(6): e119490. CrossRef
Routine Endoscopic Evaluation of Colorectal Anastomoses for Early Detection of Anastomotic Leakage (REAL Study): Protocol for a Multicenter Prospective Study
David J. Nijssen, Wytze Laméris, Quentin Denost, Antonino Spinelli, Eloy Espín-Basany, James Kinross, Jurriaan Tuynman, Roel Hompes
Digestive Surgery.2025; 42(4): 185. CrossRef

Guideline

ERAS

The 2024 Korean Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) guidelines for colorectal cancer: a secondary publication: Kil-yong Lee, Soo Young Lee, Miyoung Choi, Moonjin Kim, Ji Hong Kim, Ju Myung Song, Seung Yoon Yang, In Jun Yang, Moon Suk Choi, Seung Rim Han, Eon Chul Han, Sang Hyun Hong, Do Joong Park, Sang-Jae Park, the Korean Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) Committee within the Korean Society of Surgical Metabolism and Nutrition; Ann Coloproctol. 2025;41(1):3-26. Published online February 20, 2025; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3393/ac.2024.00836.0119

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Abstract PDF Supplementary Material

The Korean Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) Committee within the Korean Society of Surgical Metabolism and Nutrition was established to develop ERAS guidelines tailored to the Korean context. This guideline focuses on creating the most current evidence-based practice guidelines for ERAS purposes, based on systematic reviews. All key questions targeted randomized controlled trials exclusively, and if fewer than 2 were available, studies employing propensity score matching were also included. Recommendations for each key question were marked with strength of recommendation and level of evidence following internal and external review processes by the committee.

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Abdullah M. Alharran, Waleed Bader Alazemi, Saad A. Alajmi, Yousiff A. Bahman, Osamah Alhajri, Ali A. Alenezi, Jarrah J. Alenezi, Duaij Salman Saif
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Clinical impact of acupuncture on post-operative nausea and vomiting (PONV) in enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocols for patients undergoing colorectal surgery: A case control study
Luisa Ciatti, Piercarlo Ballo, Barbara Berti, Chiara Fricelli, Giulia Ferri, Martina Martinelli, Virginia Manetti, Duccio Conti
Saudi Journal of Anaesthesia.2026; 20(2): 351. CrossRef
ERAS compliance outweighs patient risk in high-risk colon cancer surgery
Jeonghyun Kang
Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research.2026; 110(4): 203. CrossRef
Advances in ERAS to Reduce the Incidence of Chronic Post-Surgical Pain and Persistent Postoperative Opioid Use: A Narrative Review
Zhiyou Peng, Pavan Tankha, Zhiying Feng, Jijun Xu
Journal of Investigative Surgery.2026;[Epub] CrossRef
Lymphopenia and C-reactive protein elevation on postoperative day 2 are independent risk factors for occurrence of major and minor complications in elective colorectal cancer surgery
Minsuh Park, Kyung Jong Kim, Young-hun Kim
Annals of Coloproctology.2026; 42(3): 333. CrossRef
Enhancing anastomosis safety with intraoperative perfusion assessment: a visual grading system for tailoring resection and ostomy formation in sigmoid colon and rectal cancer surgery
Soo Young Oh, Seok-Byung Lim, Eu-Tteum Choi, Min Hyun Kim, Young Il Kim, Jong Lyul Lee, Yong Sik Yoon, Chan Wook Kim, In Ja Park, Chang Sik Yu
Annals of Coloproctology.2026; 42(3): 303. CrossRef
Efficacy of preoperative immunonutrition in malnourished patients undergoing colorectal cancer surgery: a study protocol for a multicenter randomized clinical trial
Soo Young Lee, Chang Hyun Kim, Gi Won Ha, Soo Yeun Park, In Jun Yang, Jin Soo Kim, Gyung Mo Son, Sung Il Kang, Sung Uk Bae
Trials.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Oral antibiotics alone for bowel preparation in colorectal surgery: time to rethink tradition?
Soo Young Lee
Annals of Coloproctology.2025; 41(5): 367. CrossRef

Original Articles

Colorectal cancer

Comparison of colorectal cancer surgery patients in intensive care between rural and metropolitan hospitals in Australia: a national cohort study: Jessica A. Paynter, Zakary Doherty, Chun Hin Angus Lee, Kirby R. Qin, Janelle Brennan, David Pilcher; Ann Coloproctol. 2025;41(1):68-76. Published online January 24, 2025; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3393/ac.2024.00269.0038

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Abstract PDF Supplementary Material

Purpose
A small proportion of colorectal cancer (CRC) surgical patients will require an admission to an intensive care unit (ICU) within the early postoperative period. This study aimed to compare the characteristics and outcomes of patients admitted to an ICU following CRC surgery per hospital type (metropolitan vs. rural) over a decade in Australia.
Methods
A retrospective cohort analysis was undertaken of all adult patients admitted to a participating Australian ICUs following CRC surgery between January 2011 and December 2021. The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality.
Results
Over the 10-year period, 19,611 patients were treated in 122 metropolitan ICUs and 4,108 patients were treated in 42 rural ICUs. Rural ICUs had a lower proportion of annual admissions following CRC surgery (20 vs. 36, P<0.001). Patients admitted to a rural ICU were more likely to have undergone emergency CRC surgery compared to those admitted to a metropolitan cohort (28.5% vs. 13.8%, P<0.001). There was no difference in in-hospital mortality between metropolitan and rural hospitals (odds ratio [OR], 1.03; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.73–1.35; P=0.500). There was a general trend for lower mortality in later years of the study with the odds of death in the final year of the study (2021) almost half that of the first study year (OR, 0.52; 95% CI, 0.34–0.80; P=0.003).
Conclusion
There was no difference between in-hospital mortality outcomes for CRC surgical patients requiring ICU admission between metropolitan and rural hospitals. These findings may contribute to discussions regarding rural scope of colorectal practice within Australia and globally.

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Impact of geographical location on ICU outcomes in adults: a scoping review
Jacob Zand, Nattaya Raykateeraroj, Je Min Suh, Carl Reyneke, Anoop N Koshy, Benjamin Cailes, Dong-Kyu Lee, Laurence Weinberg
BMJ Open.2026; 16(7): e114956. CrossRef
Intensive care unit outcomes and prognostic factors of colorectal cancer
Qian Dong, Rui Xia, Xue-Zhong Xing, Chang-Song Wang, Gang Ma, Hong-Zhi Wang, Biao Zhu, Jiang-Hong Zhao, Dong-Min Zhou, Li Zhang, Ming-Guang Huang, Rong-Xi Quan, Yong Ye, Guo-Xing Zhang, Zheng-Ying Jiang, Bing Huang, Shan-Ling Xu, Yun Xiao, Lin-Lin Zhang,
World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology.2025;[Epub] CrossRef

Minimally invasive surgery

Robotic surgery may lead to reduced postoperative inflammatory stress in colon cancer: a propensity score–matched analysis: Eun Ji Park, Gyong Tae Noh, Yong Joon Lee, Min Young Park, Seung Yoon Yang, Yoon Dae Han, Min Soo Cho, Hyuk Hur, Kang Young Lee, Byung Soh Min; Ann Coloproctol. 2024;40(6):594-601. Published online December 6, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3393/ac.2024.00171.0024

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Abstract PDF Supplementary Material

Purpose
Robot-assisted surgery is readily applied to every type of colorectal surgeries. However, studies showing the safety and feasibility of robotic surgery (RS) have dealt with rectal cancer more than colon cancer. This study aimed to investigate how technical advantages of RS can translate into actual clinical outcomes that represent postoperative systemic response.
Methods
This study retrospectively reviewed consecutive cases in a single tertiary medical center in Korea. Patients with primary colon cancer who underwent curative resection between 2006 and 2012 were included. Propensity score matching was done to adjust baseline patient characteristics (age, sex, body mass index, American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status, tumor profile, pathologic stage, operating surgeon, surgery extent) between open surgery (OS), laparoscopic surgery (LS), and RS groups.
Results
After propensity score matching, there were 66 patients in each group for analysis, and there was no significant differences in baseline patient characteristics. Maximal postoperative leukocyte count was lowest in the RS group and highest in the OS group (P=0.021). Similar results were observed for postoperative neutrophil count (P=0.024). Postoperative prognostic nutritional index was highest in the RS group and lowest in the OS group (P<0.001). The time taken to first flatus and soft diet resumption was longest in the OS group and shortest in the RS group (P=0.001 and P<0.001, respectively). Among all groups, other short-term postoperative outcomes such as hospital stay and complications did not show significant difference, and oncological survival results were similar.
Conclusion
Better postoperative inflammatory indices in the RS group may correlate with their faster recovery of bowel motility and diet resumption compared to LS and OS groups.

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Laparoscopic surgery should be a viable option for T4 colon cancer: evidence from a propensity score matching analysis
Xiaomei Jiang, Hang Zhou, Zhaoyang Zheng, Xiaodong Wang, Zongguang Zhou, Lie Yang
Updates in Surgery.2026; 78(2): 591. CrossRef
Open, Laparoscopic, and robotic approaches in colorectal surgery: a comprehensive review with focus on colorectal cancer
Farhad Shafiei, Fatemeh Kani, Nargess Porkar, Maede Mirzaee, Fatemeh Heidarzadeh, Mahdi Kolivand, Soheila Behdad, Amir Shokri
Journal of Robotic Surgery.2026;[Epub] CrossRef
Impact of Preoperative Neutrophil Percentage-to-Albumin Ratio (NPAR) on Short-Term Complications and Long-Term Prognosis in Patients Undergoing Robot-Assisted Laparoscopic Radical Surgery for Colorectal Cancer
Jing Wang, Tao Hu, Nanhui Yu
Journal of Inflammation Research.2026; Volume 19: 1. CrossRef
Learning curve for Da Vinci Single-Port robotic colorectal cancer surgery: impact of prior robotic experience
Soo Young Lee, Chang Hyun Kim, Jaram Lee, Hyeung-min Park, Hyeong Rok Kim
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Systemic inflammatory response after robotic versus laparoscopic abdominal surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis with colorectal cancer subgroup analysis
Taya Keating, C. Drumm, Niall Kennedy, C. Cullinane, E. Condon, M. Fitzgerald, C. Peirce, J. Calvin Coffey, Christina A. Fleming
Journal of Robotic Surgery.2026;[Epub] CrossRef
Short-term outcomes of robotic versus laparoscopic surgery for colon cancer: A multicenter propensity score-matched study
Tetsuro Tominaga, Shintaro Hashimoto, Toshio Shiraishi, Koki Wakata, Masato Nishimuta, Masaki Utsugi, Hidetoshi Fukuoka, Mitsutoshi Ishii, Keisuke Noda, Kaido Oishi, Koya Taguchi, Shosaburo Oyama, Ayano Inao, Takashi Nonaka, Keitaro Matsumoto
Surgery Today.2026;[Epub] CrossRef
Übergangsphase zur roboterassistierten Chirurgie beim kolorektalen Karzinom: eine vergleichende konsekutive Kohortenstudie
U. A. Dietz, M. Kalisvaart, S. Maksimovic, R. Frey, M. Ramser, B. M. Erhart, U. Pfefferkorn
Die Chirurgie.2025; 96(11): 942. CrossRef
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Hao Chen, Dong-Ping Han, Jian-Yang Xiong, Zhen-Sheng Li, Teng-Cheng Hu, Zheng-Rong Li, Yi Cao
World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Comparison of the perioperative outcomes of robotic vs. open distal pancreatectomy: a meta-analysis of propensity-score-matched studies
Junjie Wang, Yuanjun Liu, Yakun Wu
Frontiers in Surgery.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
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Jiwoong Yu, Wan Song, Minyong Kang, Hyun Hwan Sung, Hwang Gyun Jeon, Seong Il Seo, Seong Soo Jeon, Byong Chang Jeong
Journal of Urologic Oncology.2025; 23(3): 253. CrossRef

Video

Minimally invasive surgery

Robotic abdominoperineal resection, bilateral robotic groin node dissection and simultaneous perineal gracilis flap reconstruction for locally advanced node-positive anal squamous cell carcinoma: Mohammed Ali, Melanie Holzgang, Vivekanandan Kumar, Dhalia Masud, Sandeep Kapur, Ahmed El-Hadi, Dolly Dowsett, Irshad Shaikh; Ann Coloproctol. 2024;40(6):613-615. Published online December 2, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3393/ac.2023.00801.0114

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PDF Supplementary Material

Original Article

ERAS

Impact of an Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) program on the management of complications after laparoscopic or robotic colectomy for cancer: Victoria Weets, Hélène Meillat, Jacques Emmanuel Saadoun, Marie Dazza, Cécile de Chaisemartin, Bernard Lelong; Ann Coloproctol. 2024;40(5):440-450. Published online September 20, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3393/ac.2023.00850.0121

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Graphical Abstract Abstract PDF Supplementary Material

Purpose
Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) reduces postoperative complications (POCs) after colorectal surgery; however, its impact on the management of POCs remains unclear. This study compared the diagnosis and management of POCs before and after implementing our ERAS protocol after laparoscopic or robotic colectomy for cancer and examined the short- and mid-term oncologic impacts.
Methods
This single-center, retrospective study evaluated all consecutive patients who underwent laparoscopic or robotic colectomy for cancer between 2012 and 2021, focusing on the incidence of POCs within 90 days. We compared outcomes before (standard group) and after (ERAS group) the implementation of our ERAS protocol in January 2016.
Results
Significantly fewer patients in the ERAS group developed POCs (standard vs. ERAS, 136 of 380 patients [35.8%] vs.136 of 660 patients [20.6%]; P<0.01). The ERAS group had a significantly shorter mean total length of stay after POCs (13.1 days vs. 11.4 days, P=0.04), and the rates of life-threatening complications (6.7% vs. 0.7%) and 1-year mortality (7.4% vs. 1.5%) were significantly lower in the ERAS group than in the standard group. Among patients with anastomotic complications, laparoscopic reoperation was significantly more common in the ERAS group than in the standard group (8.3% vs. 75.0%, P<0.01). Among patients with postoperative ileus, the diagnosis and recovery times were significantly shorter in the ERAS group than in the standard group, resulting in a shorter total length of stay (13.5 days vs. 10 days, P<0.01).
Conclusion
The implementation of an ERAS protocol did not eliminate all POCs, but it did accelerate their diagnosis and management and improved patient outcomes.

Citations

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The ultrasonographic measure of postoperative day 2 gastric volume may be a useful tool to improve the management of colorectal surgery patients: results of an ancillary study
Aurélien Venara, Anita Paisant, Julien Gillet, Lise Morgado, Emeline Rebmann, Jean-Francois Hamel
International Journal of Colorectal Disease.2026;[Epub] CrossRef
Perioperative impact of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) for minimally invasive colorectal resection: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Kaiming Wen, Haoyang Wu, Bo-Wen Wu
Journal of Robotic Surgery.2026;[Epub] CrossRef
A cost comparison between patients undergoing robotic colorectal surgery with and without a clinical pathway
Alfonso Valenzuela Hurtado, Onur Bayram, Jörg Kleeff, Johannes Klose, Manuela De Allegri, Ulrich Ronellenfitsch
Cost Effectiveness and Resource Allocation.2026;[Epub] CrossRef
Lymphopenia and C-reactive protein elevation on postoperative day 2 are independent risk factors for occurrence of major and minor complications in elective colorectal cancer surgery
Minsuh Park, Kyung Jong Kim, Young-hun Kim
Annals of Coloproctology.2026; 42(3): 333. CrossRef
Less is more: simplifying patient-centered cancer care
In Ja Park
Annals of Coloproctology.2025; 41(3): 173. CrossRef
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梦云孙
Advances in Clinical Medicine.2025; 15(08): 1208. CrossRef
Can Surgical Approach and Postoperative Factors Impact Survival in Rectal Cancer? Robotic Versus Laparoscopic Insights
Ahmed Abdelsamad, Seyidali Mirzazada, Karsten Ridwelski, Mohamad Nour Nasif, Florian Gebauer
Cancer Medicine.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Optimizing postoperative pain management in minimally invasive colorectal surgery
Soo Young Lee
Annals of Coloproctology.2024; 40(6): 525. CrossRef

Reviews

Minimally invasive surgery

Robotic colorectal surgery training: Portsmouth perspective: Guglielmo Niccolò Piozzi, Sentilnathan Subramaniam, Diana Ronconi Di Giuseppe, Rauand Duhoky, Jim S. Khan; Ann Coloproctol. 2024;40(4):350-362. Published online August 30, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3393/ac.2024.00444.0063

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Abstract PDF

This study aims to discuss the principles and pillars of robotic colorectal surgery training and share the training pathway at Portsmouth Hospitals University NHS Trust. A narrative review is presented to discuss all the relevant and critical steps in robotic surgical training. Robotic training requires a stepwise approach, including theoretical knowledge, case observation, simulation, dry lab, wet lab, tutored programs, proctoring (in person or telementoring), procedure-specific training, and follow-up. Portsmouth Colorectal has an established robotic training model with a safe stepwise approach that has been demonstrated through perioperative and oncological results. Robotic surgery training should enable a trainee to use the robotic platform safely and effectively, minimize errors, and enhance performance with improved outcomes. Portsmouth Colorectal has provided such a stepwise training program since 2015 and continues to promote and augment safe robotic training in its field. Safe and efficient training programs are essential to upholding the optimal standard of care.

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Shih-Feng Huang, Yung-Lin Tan, Chao-Wen Hsu, Hsin-Ping Tseng, Danilo Miskovic, Chih-Chien Wu
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Lorenzo Spirito, Carmine Sciorio, Vittorio Imperatore, Antonio Di Girolamo, Giuseppe Romeo, Riccardo Giannella, Antonio Ruffo, Fabio Esposito, Lorenzo Romano, Paola Coppola, Luigi Napolitano, Antonio D’Ambrosio, Roberta Siciliano, Guido De Sena
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Michael Devine, Carolyn Cullinane, Helen Mohan, Dara O. Kavanagh, Dara O’Keeffe, Barry B. McGuire, Christina A. Fleming
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Engeng Chen, Li Chen, Wei Zhang
Frontiers in Oncology.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Entwicklung und Implementation eines strukturierten Ausbildungsprogramms in der robotischen Chirurgie
Sarah Englert, Natascha Tschukewitsch, Alexa Wölfl, Christoph Justinger
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R. Smyth, N. Francis, S. Vasudevan
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Chi Zhang, Jinwan Wang
Journal of Robotic Surgery.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
A systematic review of comprehensive Robotic-assisted surgical (RAS) curricula
Anna K. Kieslich, Ruari Jardine, Hussain Ibrahim, Areeg Calvert, Kenneth G. Walker, Kim A. Walker, Angus J. M. Watson
Journal of Robotic Surgery.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
From the Editor: Uniting expertise, a new era of global collaboration in coloproctology
In Ja Park
Annals of Coloproctology.2024; 40(4): 285. CrossRef

Translational/basic research

Tissue engineering and regenerative medicine approaches in colorectal surgery: Bigyan B. Mainali, James J. Yoo, Mitchell R. Ladd; Ann Coloproctol. 2024;40(4):336-349. Published online August 30, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3393/ac.2024.00437.0062

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Abstract PDF

Tissue engineering and regenerative medicine (TERM) is an emerging field that has provided new therapeutic opportunities by delivering innovative solutions. The development of nontraditional therapies for previously unsolvable diseases and conditions has brought hope and excitement to countless individuals globally. Many regenerative medicine therapies have been developed and delivered to patients clinically. The technology platforms developed in regenerative medicine have been expanded to various medical areas; however, their applications in colorectal surgery remain limited. Applying TERM technologies to engineer biological tissue and organ substitutes may address the current therapeutic challenges and overcome some complications in colorectal surgery, such as inflammatory bowel diseases, short bowel syndrome, and diseases of motility and neuromuscular function. This review provides a comprehensive overview of TERM applications in colorectal surgery, highlighting the current state of the art, including preclinical and clinical studies, current challenges, and future perspectives. This article synthesizes the latest findings, providing a valuable resource for clinicians and researchers aiming to integrate TERM into colorectal surgical practice.

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First Successful Regeneration of a Structurally Native‐Like Colon Using a Bioabsorbable Polymer Sheet
Junpei Takashima, Mitsuo Miyazawa, Masayasu Aikawa, Daisuke Fujimoto, Hirotoshi Kobayashi
Annals of Gastroenterological Surgery.2026; 10(3): 702. CrossRef
Organ-on-chip platforms for nanoparticle toxicity and efficacy assessment: Advancing beyond traditional in vitro and in vivo models
Ana Regina Sampaio, Renata Faria Maia, Maria Camilla Ciardulli, Hélder A. Santos, Bruno Sarmento
Materials Today Bio.2025; 33: 102053. CrossRef
From the Editor: Uniting expertise, a new era of global collaboration in coloproctology
In Ja Park
Annals of Coloproctology.2024; 40(4): 285. CrossRef

Colorectal cancer

Dissection layer selection based on an understanding of pelvic fascial anatomy in transanal total mesorectal excision: Daichi Kitaguchi, Masaaki Ito; Ann Coloproctol. 2024;40(4):375-383. Published online August 30, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3393/ac.2024.00178.0025

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5 Citations

Abstract PDF

This study aimed to review the historical transition of rectal cancer surgery and recent evidence regarding transanal total mesorectal excision (TaTME). Additionally, it outlined the anatomical landmarks and technical considerations essential for successful TaTME. Anatomical studies and surgical techniques were analyzed to identify key landmarks and procedural steps crucial for TaTME. TaTME offers improved visibility and maneuverability even in the deep and narrow pelvis and is expected to contribute to tumor radical cure rates. By securing the circumferential resection margin and distal margin while preserving pelvic autonomic nerve function, TaTME holds promise for maintaining postoperative urinary and sexual functions. Key anatomical landmarks include the endopelvic fascia posteriorly, the S4-pelvic splanchnic nerve laterally, and the prostate or posterior vaginal wall anteriorly. Selecting the appropriate dissection layer based on tumor depth and ensuring precise incision of the tendinous arch of the pelvic fascia contributes to successful TaTME outcomes. TaTME represents a significant advancement in rectal cancer surgery, offering improved outcomes through meticulous attention to anatomical detail and precise dissection techniques. Understanding the historical context of rectal cancer surgery alongside recent evidence on TaTME is essential for optimizing patient outcomes and expanding the safe implementation of this innovative approach.

Citations

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Impact of Two‐Team Surgery on Short‐ and Long‐Term Outcomes of Transanal Total Mesorectal Excision for Rectal Cancer
Nobuaki Hoshino, Koya Hida, Yukinari Tokoro, Kazutaka Obama, Takeru Matsuda, Ichiro Takemasa, Tomonori Akagi, Masafumi Inomata, Shigenori Homma, Nobuki Ichikawa, Yoshihiro Kakeji, Seiichiro Yamamoto, Takeshi Naitoh
Annals of Gastroenterological Surgery.2026; 10(3): 739. CrossRef
Successful Resection of a Large Appendiceal Mucinous Adenocarcinoma with Rectal Invasion Using a Combined Transanal Approach: A Case Report
Ikuma Shioi, Takuya Shiraishi, Yuta Shibasaki, Chika Komine, Takuhisa Okada, Katsuya Osone, Hiroomi Ogawa, Makoto Sakai, Hayato Ikota, Takahiro Shirakura, Ken Shirabe, Hiroshi Saeki
The Japanese Journal of Gastroenterological Surgery.2026; 59(5): 289. CrossRef
Transanal vs Laparoscopic and Robotic Total Mesorectal Excision for Mid-to-low Rectal Cancer: A Systematic Review of Oncological Functional and Postoperative Outcomes
Ramadan H Karrout, Sarah Mustafa, Leen Zghaier, Syeda A Hussain, Israa Sinan, Isam M Juma
Euroasian journal of hepato-gastroenterology.2026; 16(1): 86. CrossRef
From the Editor: Uniting expertise, a new era of global collaboration in coloproctology
In Ja Park
Annals of Coloproctology.2024; 40(4): 285. CrossRef
Efficacy of Neoadjuvant Hypofractionated Chemoradiotherapy in Elderly Patients with Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer: A Single-Center Retrospective Analysis
Jae Seung Kim, Jaram Lee, Hyeung-min Park, Soo Young Lee, Chang Hyun Kim, Hyeong Rok Kim
Cancers.2024; 16(24): 4280. CrossRef

ERAS

Tolerance to and postoperative outcomes with early oral feeding following elective bowel surgery: a systematic review with meta-analysis: Lord Mvoula, Evelyn Irizarry; Ann Coloproctol. 2024;40(6):538-547. Published online July 31, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3393/ac.2023.00472.0067

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Abstract PDF

Purpose
Advancements in gastrointestinal surgery have directed attention toward optimizing recovery, including through the use of feeding methods that reduce prolonged postoperative hospital stays, complications, and mortality, among other undesirable outcomes. This study’s primary goals were to identify current peer-reviewed literature reporting the postoperative outcomes of elective bowel surgery and to evaluate the clinical evidence of patients’ tolerance to oral feeding following elective bowel surgery.
Methods
An exhaustive literature search was conducted via PubMed and Scopus. The search results were screened for potential articles, and articles were assessed for eligibility based on prespecified eligibility criteria. The data were synthesized, and the results were reported and discussed thematically.
Results
The database search yielded 1,667 articles, from which 18 randomized controlled trials were chosen for inclusion in this study. This study included 874 early oral feeding (EOF) patients, 865 traditional oral feeding patients, and 91 patients whose postoperative care was unspecified. Data synthesis was done, and meta-analyses were conducted. The results showed that EOF patients required a significantly shorter time to tolerate a solid diet and had shorter hospital stays. In addition, bowel function was restored earlier in EOF groups.
Conclusion
The results show good tolerance to EOF, shorter hospitalizations, and faster restoration of bowel function, suggesting that EOF after elective bowel surgery is relatively safe. However, further studies with similar baseline conditions should be conducted to verify these results.

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An ERAS-Informed Pathway for Emergency Laparoscopic Repair of Gastroduodenal Perforation: A Pragmatic Pilot Randomized Trial
Zhangjun Wei, Rui Shen, Ping Che, Bo Huang
Indian Journal of Surgery.2026;[Epub] CrossRef
Outcomes of patients with cancer receiving early feeding following gastric, small intestinal or colorectal surgery
Thuy Tran, Bach Hoang, Tien Nguyen, Huong Le
World Academy of Sciences Journal.2025; 7(6): 1. CrossRef
Perioperative nutrition practices in gastrointestinal cancer surgery: A nationwide survey among German surgical departments
Rahel Maria Strobel, Katharina Beyer, Johannes Christian Lauscher, Marc Martignoni, Christoph Reißfelder, Tim Vilz, Arved Weimann, Maria Wobith
Langenbeck's Archives of Surgery.2025;[Epub] CrossRef

Original Articles

Minimally invasive surgery

Preoperative localization of potentially invisible colonic lesions on the laparoscopic operation field: using autologous blood tattooing: Ji Yeon Mun, Hyunjoon An, Ri Na Yoo, Hyeon-Min Cho, Bong-Hyeon Kye; Ann Coloproctol. 2024;40(3):225-233. Published online June 19, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3393/ac.2023.00059.0008

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Graphical Abstract Abstract PDF

Purpose
Preoperative colonoscopic (POC) localization is recommended for patients scheduled for elective laparoscopic colectomy for early colon cancer. Among the various localization method, POC tattooing localization has been widely used. Several dyes have been used for tattooing, but dye has disadvantages, including foreign body reactions. For this reason, we have used autologous blood tattooing for POC localization. This study aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of the autologous blood tattooing method.
Methods
This study included patients who required POC localization of the colonic neoplasm among the patients who were scheduled for elective colon resection. The indication for localization was early colon cancer (clinically T1 or T2) or colonic neoplasms that could not be resected endoscopically. POC autologous blood tattooing was performed after saline injection, and 2 hemoclips were applied.
Results
A total of 45 patients who underwent autologous blood tattooing and laparoscopic colectomy were included in this study. All POC localization sites were visible in the laparoscopic view. POC localization sites showed almost perfect agreement with intraoperative surgical findings. There were no complications like bowel perforation, peritonitis, hemoperitoneum, and mesenteric hematoma.
Conclusion
Autologous blood is a safe and effective agent for localizing materials that can replace previous dyes. However, a large prospective case-control study is required for the routine application of this procedure in early colon cancer or colonic neoplasms.

Citations

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Meeting report on the 8th Asian Science Editors’ Conference and Workshop 2024
Eun Jung Park
Science Editing.2025; 12(1): 66. CrossRef
Preoperative Localization, Margins, and Intraoperative Endoscopy in Minimally Invasive Sigmoid Colectomy: A Matched Cohort
Chang-Lin Lin, Feng-Fan Chiang, Ming-Cheng Chen, Chun-Yu Lin, Shang-Chih Huang, Ching-Shiang Lin
Journal of Surgical Research.2025; 315: 847. CrossRef

Colorectal cancer

Long-term bowel functional outcomes following anal sphincter-preserving surgery for upper and middle rectal cancer: a single-center longitudinal study: Ahmad Sakr, Seung Yoon Yang, Min Soo Cho, Hyuk Hur, Byung Soh Min, Kang Young Lee, Nam Kyu Kim; Ann Coloproctol. 2024;40(1):27-35. Published online February 28, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3393/ac.2022.01067.0152

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Abstract PDF

Purpose
Despite advances in neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy and anal sphincter-preserving surgery for rectal cancer, bowel dysfunction is still unavoidable and negatively affects patients’ quality of life. In this longitudinal study, we aimed to investigate the changes in bowel function with follow-up time and the effect of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy on bowel function following low anterior resection for rectal cancer.
Methods
In this study, 171 patients with upper or middle rectal cancer who underwent low anterior resection between 2012 and 2018 were included. Bowel function was assessed longitudinally with Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center Bowel Function Instrument and Wexner scores every 6 months after restoration of bowel continuity. Patients with at least 2 follow-up visits were included.
Results
Overall, 100 patients received neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy. Urgency, soilage, and fecal incontinence were noted within 24 months in the patients treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy. After 2 years of follow-up, significant bowel dysfunction and fecal incontinence were observed in the neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy group. Low tumor level and neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy were associated with delayed bowel dysfunction.
Conclusion
Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in combination with low tumor level was significantly associated with delayed bowel dysfunction even after 2 years of follow-up. Therefore, careful selection and discussion with patients are paramount.

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Funktionelle Folgen von Radiotherapie, Chemotherapie und Operation bei der Behandlung des Rektumkarzinoms
Philipp Rhode, Matthias Mehdorn, Undine Gabriele Lange, Sebastian Murad Rabe, Johannes Quart, Robert Nowotny, Patrick Sven Plum, Stefan Niebisch, Sigmar Stelzner
Zentralblatt für Chirurgie - Zeitschrift für Allgemeine, Viszeral-, Thorax- und Gefäßchirurgie.2025; 150(04): 353. CrossRef
Efficacy of Neoadjuvant Hypofractionated Chemoradiotherapy in Elderly Patients with Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer: A Single-Center Retrospective Analysis
Jae Seung Kim, Jaram Lee, Hyeung-min Park, Soo Young Lee, Chang Hyun Kim, Hyeong Rok Kim
Cancers.2024; 16(24): 4280. CrossRef
Beyond survival: a comprehensive review of quality of life in rectal cancer patients
Won Beom Jung
Annals of Coloproctology.2024; 40(6): 527. CrossRef

Technical Notes

Can the Heald anal stent help to reduce anastomotic or rectal stump leak in elective and emergency colorectal surgery? A single-center experience: Michael Jones, Brendan Moran, Richard John Heald, John Bunni; Ann Coloproctol. 2024;40(1):82-85. Published online February 26, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3393/ac.2023.00038.0005

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2 Citations

Abstract PDF

Anastomotic and rectal stump leaks are feared complications of colorectal surgery. Diverting stomas are commonly used to protect low rectal anastomoses but can have adverse effects. Studies have reported favorable outcomes for transanal drainage devices instead of diverting stomas. We describe our use of the Heald anal stent and its potential impact in reducing anastomotic or rectal stump leak after elective or emergency colorectal surgery. We performed a single-center retrospective analysis of patients in whom a Heald anal stent had been used to “protect” a colorectal anastomosis or a rectal stump, in an elective or emergency context, for benign and malignant pathology. Intraoperative and postoperative outcomes were reviewed using clinical and radiological records. The Heald anal stent was used in 93 patients over 4 years. Forty-six cases (49%) had a colorectal anastomosis, and 47 (51%) had an end stoma with a rectal stump. No anastomotic or rectal stump leaks were recorded. We recommend the Heald anal stent as a simple and affordable adjunct that may decrease anastomotic and rectal stump leak by reducing intraluminal pressure through drainage of fluid and gas.

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Techniques in coloproctology - controversies in coloproctology: resection rectopexy is an underutilised procedure in the management of both symptomatic high-grade internal and external rectal prolapse
J. Bunni, E. D. Courtney
Techniques in Coloproctology.2026;[Epub] CrossRef
Strategies to Reduce the Risk of Rectal Stump Leakage After Hartmann's Procedure: A Structured Narrative Review
Mohamed Alkashty, Ehab Kahka, Mafdi Mossaad, Waseem Hameed, Abanoub Saleeb, Ahmed Elshawadia, Mohamed Elgazawey
Cureus.2026;[Epub] CrossRef

Minimally invasive surgery

Robotic natural orifice specimen extraction surgery (NOSES) for anterior resection: Toan Duc Pham, Tomas Larach, Bushra Othman, Amrish Rajkomar, Alexander G. Heriot, Satish K. Warrier, Philip Smart; Ann Coloproctol. 2023;39(6):526-530. Published online December 19, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3393/ac.2022.00458.0065

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4 Citations

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material

Minimally invasive colorectal surgery is currently well-accepted, with open techniques being reserved for very difficult cases. Laparoscopic colectomy has been proven to have lower mortality, complication, and ostomy rates; a shorter median length of stay; and lower overall costs when compared to its open counterpart. This trend is seen in both benign and malignant indications. Natural orifice specimen extraction surgery (NOSES) in colorectal surgery was first described in the early 1990s. Three recent meta-analyses comparing transabdominal extraction against NOSES concluded that NOSES was superior in terms of overall postoperative complications, recovery of gastrointestinal function, postoperative pain, aesthetics, and hospital stay. However, NOSES was associated with a longer operative time. Herein, we present our technique of robotic NOSES anterior resection using the da Vinci Xi platform in diverticular disease and sigmoid colon cancers.

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Laparoscopic natural orifice specimen extraction for diverticular disease: a systematic review
Jasmine Mui, Mina Sarofim, Ernest Cheng, Andrew Gilmore
Surgical Endoscopy.2025; 39(5): 3049. CrossRef
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Aimin Jiang, Zhao Tang, Hanzhong Zhang, Jinxin Li, Jialin Meng, Ying Liu, Yu Fang, Juan Lu, Xu Zhang, Le Qu, Anqi Lin, Linhui Wang
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Dheeraj Surya, Pankaj Gharde
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Beyond survival: a comprehensive review of quality of life in rectal cancer patients
Won Beom Jung
Annals of Coloproctology.2024; 40(6): 527. CrossRef

Reviews

Colorectal cancer

Essential anatomy for lateral lymph node dissection: Yuichiro Yokoyama, Hiroaki Nozawa, Kazuhito Sasaki, Koji Murono, Shigenobu Emoto, Hiroyuki Matsuzaki, Shinya Abe, Yuzo Nagai, Yuichiro Yoshioka, Takahide Shinagawa, Hirofumi Sonoda, Daisuke Hojo, Soichiro Ishihara; Ann Coloproctol. 2023;39(6):457-466. Published online December 8, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3393/ac.2023.00164.0023

9,203 View
343 Download
7 Web of Science
8 Citations

Abstract PDF

In Western countries, the gold-standard therapeutic strategy for rectal cancer is preoperative chemoradiotherapy (CRT) following total mesorectal excision (TME), without lateral lymph node dissection (LLND). However, preoperative CRT has recently been reported to be insufficient to control lateral lymph node recurrence in cases of enlarged lateral lymph nodes before CRT, and LLND is considered necessary in such cases. We performed a literature review on aspects of pelvic anatomy associated with rectal surgery and LLND, and then combined this information with our experience and knowledge of pelvic anatomy. In this review, drawing upon research using a 3-dimensional anatomical model and actual operative views, we aimed to clarify the essential anatomy for LLND. The LLND procedure was developed in Asian countries and can now be safely performed in terms of functional preservation. Nonetheless, the longer operative time, hemorrhage, and higher complication rates with TME accompanied by LLND than with TME alone indicate that LLND is still a challenging procedure. Laparoscopic or robotic LLND has been shown to be useful and is widely performed; however, without a sufficient understanding of anatomical landmarks, misrecognition of vessels and nerves often occurs. To perform safe and accurate LLND, understanding the landmarks of LLND is essential.

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Colorectal Surgery
John H. Marks, Brandon K. Vu, Sarah Liu, Deborah Nagle
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Impact of lateral lymph node dissection on urogenital function and surgical outcomes following neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy and total mesorectal excision for rectal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Hao-Zhu Liu, Xiao Bai, Xin-Mao Zhu, Dong-Qiu Dai
Surgical Endoscopy.2026;[Epub] CrossRef
da Vinci robotic-assisted micro-space dissection and autonomic nerve network preservation technique in the total mesorectal excision procedure for rectal cancer: a single-center, retrospective, observational, real-world study
Fanghai Han, Yequan Xie, Guangyu Zhong, Jintao Zeng, Yang Chen, Jianan Tan, Shengning Zhou
Journal of Robotic Surgery.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Learning curve for lateral lymph node dissection in rectal cancer – a systematic review of literature
D. Kehagias, L. Baldari, E. Cassinotti, L. Boni, C. Lampropoulos, I. Kehagias
Techniques in Coloproctology.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Deep learning-based vessel and nerve recognition model for lateral lymph node dissection: a retrospective feasibility study
Shoma Sasaki, Daichi Kitaguchi, Tomohiro Noda, Hiroki Matsuzaki, Hiro Hasegawa, Nobuyoshi Takeshita, Masaaki Ito
Langenbeck's Archives of Surgery.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Clinical implications of radiologic criteria and prognostic factors for lateral lymph node metastasis in low rectal cancer
Gyung Mo Son
Annals of Coloproctology.2025; 41(6): 489. CrossRef
The role of lateral pelvic lymph node dissection in advanced rectal cancer: a review of current evidence and outcomes
Gyu-Seog Choi, Hye Jin Kim
Annals of Coloproctology.2024; 40(4): 363. CrossRef
Dissection layer selection based on an understanding of pelvic fascial anatomy in transanal total mesorectal excision
Daichi Kitaguchi, Masaaki Ito
Annals of Coloproctology.2024; 40(4): 375. CrossRef

Benign bowel disease

Multimodal prerehabilitation for elderly patients with sarcopenia in colorectal surgery: Jingting Wu, Hannah Chi, Shawn Kok, Jason M.W. Chua, Xi-Xiao Huang, Shipin Zhang, Shimin Mah, Li-Xin Foo, Hui-Yee Peh, Hui-Bing Lee, Phoebe Tay, Cherie Tong, Jasmine Ladlad, Cheryl H.M. Tan, Nathanelle Khoo, Darius Aw, Cheryl X.Z. Chong, Leonard M.L. Ho, Sharmini S. Sivarajah, Jialin Ng, Winson J.H. Tan, Fung-Joon Foo, Bin-Tean Teh, Frederick H. Koh; Ann Coloproctol. 2024;40(1):3-12. Published online March 31, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3393/ac.2022.01207.0172

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42 Citations

Abstract PDF

Sarcopenia, which is characterized by progressive and generalized loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength, has been well described to be associated with numerous poor postoperative outcomes, such as increased perioperative mortality, postoperative sepsis, prolonged length of stay, increased cost of care, decreased functional outcome, and poorer oncological outcomes in cancer surgery. Multimodal prehabilitation, as a concept that involves boosting and optimizing the preoperative condition of a patient prior to the upcoming stressors of a surgical procedure, has the purported benefits of reversing the effects of sarcopenia, shortening hospitalization, improving the rate of return to bowel activity, reducing the costs of hospitalization, and improving quality of life. This review aims to present the current literature surrounding the concept of sarcopenia, its implications pertaining to colorectal cancer and surgery, a summary of studied multimodal prehabilitation interventions, and potential future advances in the management of sarcopenia.

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I. K. Kim, C. S. Lee, J. H. Bae, S. R. Han, W. Alshalawi, B. C. Kim, I. K. Lee, D. S. Lee, Y. S. Lee
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Original Article

Colorectal cancer

Partial mesorectal excision can be a primary option for middle rectal cancer: a propensity score–matched retrospective analysis: Ee Jin Kim, Chan Wook Kim, Jong Lyul Lee, Yong Sik Yoon, In Ja Park, Seok-Byung Lim, Chang Sik Yu, Jin Cheon Kim; Ann Coloproctol. 2024;40(3):253-267. Published online March 31, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3393/ac.2022.00689.0098

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Abstract PDF

Purpose
Although partial mesorectal excision (PME) and total mesorectal excision (TME) is primarily indicated for the upper and lower rectal cancer, respectively, few studies have evaluated whether PME or TME is more optimal for middle rectal cancer.
Methods
This study included 671 patients with middle and upper rectal cancer who underwent robot-assisted PME or TME. The 2 groups were optimized by propensity score matching of sex, age, clinical stage, tumor location, and neoadjuvant treatment.
Results
Complete mesorectal excision was achieved in 617 of 671 patients (92.0%), without showing a difference between the PME and TME groups. Local recurrence rate (5.3% vs. 4.3%, P>0.999) and systemic recurrence rate (8.5% vs. 16.0%, P=0.181) also did not differ between the 2 groups, in patients with middle and upper rectal cancer. The 5-year disease-free survival (81.4% vs. 74.0%, P=0.537) and overall survival (88.0% vs. 81.1%, P=0.847) also did not differ between the PME and TME groups, confined to middle rectal cancer. Moreover, 5-year recurrence and survival rates were not affected by distal resection margins of 2 cm (P=0.112) to 4 cm (P>0.999), regardless of pathological stages. Postoperative complication rate was higher in the TME than in the PME group (21.4% vs. 14.5%, P=0.027). Incontinence was independently associated with TME (odds ratio [OR], 2.009; 95% confidence interval, 1.015–3.975; P=0.045), along with older age (OR, 4.366, P<0.001) and prolonged operation time (OR, 2.196; P=0.500).
Conclusion
PME can be primarily recommended for patients with middle rectal cancer with lower margin of >5 cm from the anal verge.

Citations

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Review of definition and treatment of upper rectal cancer
Elias Karam, Fabien Fredon, Yassine Eid, Olivier Muller, Marie Besson, Nicolas Michot, Urs Giger-Pabst, Arnaud Alves, Mehdi Ouaissi
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Tumour-specific mesorectal excision for rectal cancer: Systematic review and meta-analysis of oncological and functional outcomes
Fabio Carbone, Wanda Petz, Simona Borin, Emilio Bertani, Stefano de Pascale, Maria Giulia Zampino, Uberto Fumagalli Romario
European Journal of Surgical Oncology.2023; 49(11): 107069. CrossRef

Reviews

Optimal anastomotic technique in rectal surgery to prevent anastomotic leakage: Daichi Kitaguchi, Masaaki Ito; Ann Coloproctol. 2023;39(2):97-105. Published online January 3, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3393/ac.2022.00787.0112

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22 Citations

Abstract PDF

Complications after colorectal surgery remain inevitable, and anastomotic leakage is one of the most severe and potentially fatal complications. Generally, anastomotic leakage is associated with severe peritonitis, the need for emergency reoperation, and an increased mortality rate. Additionally, particularly after rectal cancer surgery, it has a negative impact on long-term outcomes, including postoperative anorectal function, local recurrence, and survival. To prevent anastomotic leakage, understanding the characteristics of each anastomotic technique and establishing a stable anastomotic procedure are important. Transanal total mesorectal excision (TaTME) is a relatively new advanced surgical access technique for pelvic dissection and facilitates different anastomotic techniques without the need for transabdominal rectal transection. Especially, stapled anastomosis in TaTME, also known as double purse-string circular stapled anastomosis or the single stapling technique (SST), has gained much attention as an alternative to the conventional double stapling technique (DST). In this article, we describe the DST, SST, and hand-sewn anastomosis as anastomotic techniques after rectal surgery, focusing mainly on the differences between conventional anastomotic techniques and SST in TaTME. Furthermore, the blood flow evaluation method for the reconstructive colon before anastomosis, which is extremely important in anastomotic leakage prevention regardless of the anastomotic type, is also described.

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Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio as an early predictor of anastomotic leakage after rectal cancer surgery
Yingjun Liu, Bing Han, Weifeng Xu, Youcai Wang, Mingke Huo, Jianwei Wang, Hongli Wang, Zhi Li
Surgery.2026; 190: 109829. CrossRef
Delayed Diagnosis of Anastomotic Leak and Failure to Rescue After Colon Resection
Samantha L. Savitch, Kiran H. Lagisetty, Pasithorn A. Suwanabol
JAMA Surgery.2026; 161(4): 352. CrossRef
Incidence and risk factors for anastomotic leakage after transanal total mesorectal excision in a retrospective cohort of 212 patients
Bartosz Kapturkiewicz, Michal Kazanowski, Pawel Lesiak, David Ramsey, Marek Bebenek
Scientific Reports.2026;[Epub] CrossRef
Application of double purse-string anastomosis in optimizing laparoscopic NOSES surgery for rectal cancer under the payment system of DRGs
Zhangqiang Wu, Yuejun Fang, Jianjun Wang, Yingjie Ling, Qianming Chen, Yahao Wang, Yefeng Yao, Jun Wu, Shaoli Gao
BMC Surgery.2026;[Epub] CrossRef
Systematic review and Bayesian network meta-analysis comparing multiple anastomotic techniques after total mesorectal excision in rectal cancer
Daichi Kitaguchi, Antonello Forgione, Xavier Serra-Aracil, Chiara Innocenzi, Yuchuan Yang, Mariano Giménez, Tatsuya Oda, Jacques Marescaux
European Journal of Surgical Oncology.2026; 52(8): 111966. CrossRef
Enhancing anastomosis safety with intraoperative perfusion assessment: a visual grading system for tailoring resection and ostomy formation in sigmoid colon and rectal cancer surgery
Soo Young Oh, Seok-Byung Lim, Eu-Tteum Choi, Min Hyun Kim, Young Il Kim, Jong Lyul Lee, Yong Sik Yoon, Chan Wook Kim, In Ja Park, Chang Sik Yu
Annals of Coloproctology.2026; 42(3): 303. CrossRef
High versus low ligation of the inferior mesenteric artery during transanal total mesorectal excision for low rectal cancer: impact on postoperative anastomotic leakage
Junfeng Du, Chen Su, Xiang Xu, Lanxin Hu, Xuefei Zhang, Hongyu Zhang
Frontiers in Oncology.2026;[Epub] CrossRef
Optimizing outcomes in anastomotic recurrence of rectal cancer: Efficacy of transanal total mesorectal excision
Mengqin Yu, Ximo Xu, Hao Zhong, Duohuo Shu, Naijipu Abuduaini, Jingyi Liu, Zhenfeng Huang, Haiqin Song, Sen Zhang, Xiao Yang, Zhenghao Cai, Gaojian Cao, Jianwen Li, Bo Feng
Current Problems in Surgery.2025; 66: 101748. CrossRef
Sphincter-preserving surgical techniques in low rectal cancer management: A systematic review of contemporary evidence
Song Wang, A-Jian Li, Hui-Hong Jiang, Yin Lin, Hai-Bo Ding
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The robotic intracorporeal single-stapled anastomosis (RiSSA) technique in robotic left-sided colorectal resection: a technical note
Chih-Chien Wu, Yung-Lin Tan, Chao-Wen Hsu, Hsin-Ping Tseng, Danilo Miskovic, Shih-Feng Huang
Annals of Coloproctology.2025; 41(4): 357. CrossRef
Achieving the perfect end-to-end single-stapled anastomosis in low anterior resection for rectal cancer: technical aspects
Cherylin Wan Pei Fu
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Comparative perioperative outcomes of articulated versus conventional straight devices in laparoscopic low anterior resection: a propensity score–matched analysis
Hayoung Lee, Yong Sik Yoon, Young Il Kim, Min Hyun Kim, Jong Lyul Lee, Chan Wook Kim, In Ja Park, Seok-Byung Lim
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Daichi Kitaguchi, Masaaki Ito
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Gerhard Ernst Steyer, Markus Puchinger, Johann Pfeifer
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Surgical Endoscopy.2024; 38(4): 1775. CrossRef
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Gyung Mo Son
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Gyung Mo Son, Sang-Ho Park, Nam Su Kim, Mi Sook Yun, In Young Lee, Myeong-Sook Kwon, Tae Kyun Kim, Eun Hwa Lee, Eun Jung Hwang, Kwang-Ryul Baek
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Gyung Son, Armaan Nazir, Mi Yun, In Lee, Sun Im, Jae Kwak, Sang-Ho Park, Kwang-Ryul Baek, Ines Gockel
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Colorectal cancer

Outcomes of redo for failed colorectal or coloanal anastomoses: a systematic review and meta-analysis: Ricardo Purchio Galletti, Gabriel Andrade Agareno, Lucas de Abreu Sesconetto, Rafael Benjamim Rosa da Silva, Rafael Vaz Pandini, Lucas Soares Gerbasi, Victor Edmond Seid, Sérgio Eduardo Alonso Araujo, Francisco Tustumi; Ann Coloproctol. 2023;39(5):375-384. Published online December 20, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3393/ac.2022.00605.0086

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Abstract PDF Supplementary Material

Purpose
This study aimed to review the outcomes of redo procedures for failed colorectal or coloanal anastomoses.
Methods
A systematic review was performed using the PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, and LILACS databases. The inclusion criteria were adult patients undergoing colectomy with primary colorectal or coloanal anastomosis and studies that assessed the postoperative results. The protocol is registered in PROSPERO (No. CRD42021267715).
Results
Eleven articles met the eligibility criteria and were selected. The studied population size ranged from 7 to 78 patients. The overall mortality rate was 0% (95% confidence interval [CI], 0%–0.01%). The postoperative complication rate was 40% (95% CI, 40%–50%). The length of hospital stay was 13.68 days (95% CI, 11.3–16.06 days). After redo surgery, 82% of the patients were free of stoma (95% CI, 75%–90%), and 24% of patients (95% CI, 0%–39%) had fecal incontinence. Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (P=0.002) was associated with a lower probability of being free of stoma in meta-regression.
Conclusion
Redo colorectal and coloanal anastomoses are strategies to restore colonic continuity. The decision to perform a redo operation should be based on a proper evaluation of the morbidity and mortality risks, the probability of remaining free of stoma, the quality of life, and a functional assessment.

Citations

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Abdominoperineal pull-through with delayed coloanal anastomosis for pelvic anastomotic failure—a systematic review
T. J. K. Tan, S.-M. Ng, T. S. Q. Lee, E. K.-W. Tan, I. Seow-En
Techniques in Coloproctology.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Laparoscopic redo endorectal pull‐through procedure for complex rectovaginal fistula after rectal resection for endometriosis: A Video Vignette
Sergio Eduardo Alonso Araujo, Francisco Tustumi, Ana Sarah Portilho, Lucas de Araujo Horcel, Victor Edmond Seid
Colorectal Disease.2023; 25(11): 2284. CrossRef

Inflammatory bowel diseases

Colorectal surgical management of colitis induced by vasculitis in the absence of inflammatory bowel disease: a case report and literature review: Jessica A. Paynter, Kirby R. Qin, Georgia Seamer, Ruchira Fernando, Janelle Brennan, Chun Hin Angus Lee; Ann Coloproctol. 2023;39(3):193-203. Published online November 16, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3393/ac.2022.00584.0083

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Abstract PDF

Colitis caused by vasculitis is a rare and poorly understood pathology. Little evidence exists on its clinical presentation, path to diagnosis, and surgical management. In this report, we present a case report and literature review. A healthy 20-year-old male patient presented with hemorrhagic colitis requiring total colectomy with end ileostomy. Pathological examination showed pancolitis with multiple ulcers, transmural inflammation, hemorrhage, and microvascular thrombosis. Extensive serological testing revealed elevated cytoplasmic antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (c-ANCA) and eosinophilia, leading to a diagnosis of eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA) and vasculitis-induced colitis. A literature review was subsequently conducted. Nineteen studies were found documenting vasculitis-induced colitis in the absence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Systemic signs of vasculitis, hemorrhagic colitis, and progression to fulminant colitis were present. Of all patients, 40.0% required colorectal surgery and 62.5% of those patients received a stoma; 25% underwent emergency surgery following failed immunosuppression. All cases relied on clinical correlation with serology and/or histopathology to reach a final diagnosis. We report a case of vasculitis-induced colitis caused by c-ANCA−positive EGPA. The review shows that vasculitis-induced colitis without IBD is an important differential that clinicians should be aware of in patients presenting with colitis.

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Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Vasculitis Causing Perforation Peritonitis in Miliary Tuberculosis: A Disease in Disguise
Soumyajit Jana, Monika Gureh, Ankur Cheleng, Ayush Vardhan
Cureus.2025;[Epub] CrossRef

Original Articles

Annual long-term functional outcomes after transanal repair for symptomatic rectocele: Akira Tsunoda, Hiroshi Kusanagi; Received April 22, 2022 Accepted July 7, 2022 Published online November 15, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3393/ac.2022.00283.0040 [Epub ahead of print]

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Abstract PDF

Purpose
This study was performed to assess the long-term annual functional outcomes and quality of life (QOL) after transanal rectocele repair.
Methods
We evaluated retrospectively collected data from patients who underwent transanal repair for symptomatic rectocele between February 2012 and December 2018. The Constipation Scoring System (CSS), the Fecal Incontinence Severity Index (FISI), and several QOL questionnaires (e.g., the Patient Assessment of Constipation-QOL [PAC-QOL], Fecal Incontinence QOL, and the 36-Item Short Form Survey [SF-36]) were administered before surgery and annually after surgery. Additionally, physiological assessments and defecography were performed before and after surgery. Substantial symptom improvement, indicated by at least a 50% reduction in the CSS or FISI score, was evaluated postoperatively. All postoperative follow-up results were compared with the preoperative data.
Results
Thirty-two patients were included in the study. The median follow-up period was 5 years (range, 0.5−7 years). Postoperative defecography showed that the rectocele size significantly decreased (P<0.0001). However, the physiological assessment did not reveal postoperative changes. The CSS score 1 year after surgery was significantly lower than the preoperative score (P<0.0001) and remained significantly low until the long-term follow-up. Constipation improved by more than 80% 2 to 5 years postoperatively, and fecal incontinence improved in 2/3 of the patients after 5 years. The PAC-QOL scores significantly improved (all P<0.05) over time until the 3-year and long-term follow-ups, and 6 of the 8 SF-36 scores significantly improved at specific points postoperatively.
Conclusion
Transanal rectocele repair provides long-term improvement for constipation and constipation-specific QOL.

Citations

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IUGA Opinion Paper on Obstructed Defecation: Management of Clinical and Proctographic Rectoceles
Suneetha Rachaneni, Hans Peter Dietz, Pallavi Latthe, Annie Sirany, Anna Spivak, Anupreet Dua
International Urogynecology Journal.2026; 37(1): 75. CrossRef
Erişkin Kadınlarda Rektosele Cerrahi Yaklaşımlar: Sistematik Derleme ve Meta-Analiz
Güliz Avşar, Yunus Emre Sacin, Muhammed Yasir Celenk, Mustafa Örmeci
Hippocrates Medical Journal.2026; 6(1): 18. CrossRef
Transvaginal repair of rectocele for obstructed defecation syndrome: a case report
Liman Zhang, Jie Yang, Qiang Wang, Lili Wang, Shuzhen Su, Lifang Wang, Shiyuan Li
Journal of Surgical Case Reports.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Laparoscopic or transanal repair of rectocele? Comparison of a reduction in rectocele size
Akira Tsunoda, Tomoko Takahashi, Satoshi Matsuda, Hiroshi Kusanagi
International Journal of Colorectal Disease.2023;[Epub] CrossRef

Anorectal physiology & pelvic floor disorder

Does transanal endoscopic microsurgery affect rectal function?: Evgeniy Khomyakov, Stanislav Chernyshov, Oksana Fomenko, Evgeny Rybakov; Ann Coloproctol. 2023;39(4):326-331. Published online November 14, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3393/ac.2022.00220.0031

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4 Citations

Abstract PDF

Purpose
Transanal endoscopic microsurgery (TEM) is the most standardized method for the local excision of rectal neoplasms. Unfortunately, local excisions of rectal lesions by means of TEM are not completely free from undesirable functional sequela. This study was performed to evaluate the risk factors of major loss of function after TEM.
Methods
Eighty-nine patients underwent TEM between 2019 and 2020. Anorectal manometry was performed before the surgery and 3, 6, and 12 months after the surgery. The quality of life (QoL) was assessed using the Fecal Incontinence Quality of Life scale.
Results
The major decrease in QoL was observed in women in 3 months after the surgery in terms of lifestyle and frustration domains (3.6 and 3.64 points, respectively). In 3 months after the surgery, there was a significant decrease in resting pressure both in male and female patients (P=0.01). This difference remained significant 6 months after the surgery (P=0.01). In 12 months after the surgery, resting pressure returned to the preoperative level in most patients (P=0.50). A significant decrease in manometric parameters appeared when the surgery time is more than 55 minutes (P=0.05), the tumor localization is lower than 3 cm from the anus (P=0.03), and the tumor size is over 3 cm (P=0.001).
Conclusion
The most significant risk factors for the development of functional disorders after TEM are surgery time of >55 minutes, tumor localization at <3 cm from the anal verge, and tumor size of >3 cm.

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For Early Rectal Neoplasms, the Time Has Come to Move Beyond the Transanal Minimally Invasive Surgery Era: Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection Is No Longer the Challenger—It Is the Standard to Beat
Jeremie Jacques, Jon Steingrimsson
Gastroenterology.2026; 170(1): 14. CrossRef
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Sen N. Verhoeve, Pieter J. Tanis, Barbara A. Bastiaansen, Johannes H.W. de Wilt, Martijn P.W. Intven, Miangela M. Lacle, Sjoerd G. Elias, Leon M.G. Moons
Best Practice & Research Clinical Gastroenterology.2026; : 102103. CrossRef
Long-term outcome of patients with rectal cancer following transanal endoscopic microsurgery: Real-world insights from a single-center audit
Luca Giovanni Campana, Michael Queffurus, Finlay James Curran, David Donnelly, Ben Griffiths
Current Problems in Surgery.2026; 80: 102031. CrossRef
Beyond survival: a comprehensive review of quality of life in rectal cancer patients
Won Beom Jung
Annals of Coloproctology.2024; 40(6): 527. CrossRef

Colorectal cancer

Recurrence following transanal total mesorectal excision for rectal cancer: a monocentric retrospective series of technically difficult cases: Jonathan Frigault, Geneviève Morin, Sébastien Drolet, Philippe Bouchard, Alexandre Bouchard, Thanh-Quan Philips Ngo, François Letarte; Ann Coloproctol. 2023;39(4):332-341. Published online November 14, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3393/ac.2022.00178.0025

6,260 View
85 Download
1 Web of Science
1 Citations

Abstract PDF

Purpose
Transanal total mesorectal excision (TaTME) has been proposed to overcome surgical difficulties encountered during rectal resection, especially for patients having high body mass index or low rectal cancer. The aim of this study was to evaluate oncologic outcomes following TaTME.
Methods
This retrospective study included all consecutive patients with rectal cancer who had a TaTME from 2013 to 2019. The main outcome was the incidence of locoregional recurrence by the end of the follow-up period.
Results
Among a total of 81 patients, 96.3% were male, and their mean age was 63±9 years. The mean body mass index was 30.3±5.7 kg/m2, and the median distance from tumor to anal verge was 5.0 cm (interquartile range [IQR], 4.0–6.0 cm). Most patients had a low anterior resection performed (n=80, 98.8%) with a diverting ileostomy (n=64, 79.0%). Distal and circumferential resection margins were positive in 2.5% and 6.2% of patients, respectively. Total mesorectal excision was complete or near complete in 95.1% of patients. A successful resection was achieved in 72 patients (88.9%). After a median follow-up of 27.5 months (IQR, 16.7–48.1 months), 4 patients (4.9%) experienced locoregional recurrence. Anastomotic leaks were observed in 21 patients (25.9%). At the end of the follow-up, 69 patients (85.2%) were stoma-free.
Conclusion
TaTME was associated with acceptable oncological outcomes, including low locoregional recurrence rates in selected patients with low rectal cancer. Although associated with a high incidence of postoperative morbidities, the use of TaTME enabled a high rate of successful sphincter-saving procedures in selected patients who posed a technical challenge.

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Predominance of Peritoneal Metastasis in the Recurrence Pattern of T4 Colorectal Cancer: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Jin Gi Chang, In Ja Park, Young Il Kim, Jong Lyul Lee, Yong Sik Yoon, Chan Wook Kim, Seok-Byung Lim
Annals of Surgical Oncology.2026;[Epub] CrossRef

Colorectal cancer

Evaluating prognostic significance of preoperative C-reactive protein to albumin ratio in older patients with pathological stage II or III colorectal cancer: Koji Numata, Yukari Ono, Mihwa Ju, Shizune Onuma, Ayano Tanaka, Taichi Kawabe, Sho Sawazaki, Akio Higuchi, Kazuki Yamanaka, Shinsuke Hatori, Hiroyuki Saeki, Hiroshi Matsukawa, Yasushi Rino, Kazuyuki Tani; Ann Coloproctol. 2024;40(2):161-168. Published online October 11, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3393/ac.2022.00367.0052

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Abstract PDF

Purpose
This study was performed to evaluate the prognostic value of preoperative C-reactive protein to albumin ratio (CAR) in older patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) undergoing curative resection.
Methods
We retrospectively analyzed 244 older patients (aged 75 years or higher) with pathological stage II or III CRC who underwent curative surgery between 2008 and 2016. The optimal value of CAR was calculated and its correlation with the clinicopathological factors and prognosis was examined.
Results
The optimal cutoff value of the CAR was 0.085. High preoperative CAR was significantly associated with high carcinoembryonic antigen levels (P=0.001), larger tumor size (P<0.001), and pT factor (P=0.001). On multivariate analysis, high CAR was independent prognostic factor for relapse-free survival (P=0.042) and overall survival (P=0.001).
Conclusion
Preoperative elevated CAR could be considered as an adverse predictor of both relapse-free survival and overall survival in older patients with CRC undergoing curative surgery.

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Post-chemotherapy C-reactive protein/albumin ratio predicts prognosis in stage II-III colorectal cancer
Fei-Fei Kong, Xuan Geng, Ru-Ming Liu, Wen-Tao Zhang, Bin Quan, Yong Zhong, You-Long Zhu
World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery.2026;[Epub] CrossRef
Circulating Amino Acid Network Remodeling Reveals Systemic Metabolic Reprogramming Predictive of Colorectal Cancer Recurrence and Metastasis
Ji‐Yeon Lee, Jumi Kim, Taehan Yoon, So Hyun Kwon, Su Chan Park, Dohyun Chun, Dohyeong Kim, Eun Jung Park, Hyunwoo Kim, Ji Min Lee
Advanced Science.2026;[Epub] CrossRef
C-Reactive Protein/Albumin Ratio Is an Independent Risk Factor for Recurrence and Survival Following Curative Resection of Stage I–III Colorectal Cancer in Older Patients
Tomoaki Bekki, Manabu Shimomura, Minoru Hattori, Saki Sato, Atsuhiro Watanabe, Sho Ishikawa, Kouki Imaoka, Kosuke Ono, Keiso Matsubara, Tetsuya Mochizuki, Shintaro Akabane, Takuya Yano, Hideki Ohdan
Annals of Surgical Oncology.2024; 31(7): 4812. CrossRef
Towards a Gradual Optimization of Oncologic Prognostic Factors in the Era of the Frail Patient: The Potential Role of Preoperative Inflammation and Nutritional Status
Giuseppe Zimmitti
Annals of Surgical Oncology.2024; 31(8): 4853. CrossRef
Prognostic role of C-reactive protein to albumin ratio in cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: a meta-analysis
Menglu Dai, Wei Wu
Frontiers in Oncology.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
The association of blood biomarkers with treatment response and adverse health outcomes in older patients with solid tumors: A systematic review
Yara van Holstein, P. Janne E. van den Berkmortel, Stella Trompet, Diana van Heemst, Frederiek van den Bos, Marieke Roemeling-van Rhijn, Nienke A. de Glas, Marian Beekman, P. Eline Slagboom, Johanneke E.A. Portielje, Simon P. Mooijaart, Barbara C. van Mun
Journal of Geriatric Oncology.2023; 14(7): 101567. CrossRef
Prognostic prediction of colorectal cancer using the C-reactive protein to albumin ratio: the importance of inflammatory biomarkers and their association with long-term outcomes
Chul Seung Lee
Annals of Coloproctology.2023; 39(4): 287. CrossRef

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