Annals of Coloproctology

Review

Gene and protein expression of epithelial to mesenchymal transition for intestinal and anal fistula: a systematic review: Nadila Haryani Osman, Ruhi Fadzlyana Jailani, Hayati Abd Rahman, Nazefah Abdul Hamid; Ann Coloproctol. 2023;39(2):106-114. Published online December 3, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3393/ac.2021.00584.0083

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Purpose
Intestinal fibrosis is a common complication of inflammatory bowel diseases. However, the possible involvement of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) has been scarcely investigated. This systematic review aims to search through research papers that are focusing on messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein expression profile in EMT in fistula or in intestinal fibrosis.
Methods
Electronic exploration was performed until April 24, 2019 through PubMed, Ovid, Science Direct, and Scopus databases with the terms of “fistula” OR “intestinal fibrosis” AND “epithelial-mesenchymal transition”. Two independent reviewers scrutinized the suitability of the title and abstract before examining the full text that met the inclusion criteria. For each study, the sample types that were used, methods for analysis, and genes expressed were identified. The list of genes was further analyzed using DAVID (Database for Annotation, Visualization, and Integrated Discovery) and KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) pathway.
Results
There were 896 citations found; however, only 3 studies fulfilled the requirements. Among the EMT-related genes, 5 were upregulated genes at mRNA level while 6 were at protein level. However, only 2 downregulated genes were found at each mRNA and protein level. Of the 4 inflammation-related genes found, 3 genes were upregulated at mRNA level and 1 at protein level. These genes were confirmed to be involved in the development of inflammatory induced fibrosis and fistula through EMT. Results from quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis were consistent with the process of EMT, confirmed by the western blot protein analysis.
Conclusion
Many significant genes which are involved in the process of EMT in fistula and intestinal fibrosis have been identified. With high-end technology many more genes could be identified. These genes will be good molecular targets in the development of biomarkers for precision drug targeting in the future treatment of intestinal fibrosis and fistula.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Role of Adipose Tissue Hormones in Pathogenesis of Cryptoglandular Anal Fistula
Marcin Włodarczyk, Jakub Włodarczyk, Kasper Maryńczak, Anna Waśniewska-Włodarczyk, Urszula Doboszewska, Piotr Wlaź, Łukasz Dziki, Jakub Fichna
International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2024; 25(3): 1501. CrossRef
Exosomes Derived from Colon Cancer Cells Promote Tumor Progression and Affect the Tumor Microenvironment
Minsung Kim, Il Tae Son, Gyoung Tae Noh, So-Youn Woo, Ryung-Ah Lee, Bo Young Oh
Journal of Clinical Medicine.2023; 12(12): 3905. CrossRef

Original Article

Expression of the Insulin-like Growth Factor Binding Proteins (IGFBPs) in Colon Cancer.: Kim, Chan Dong , Lee, Jeong Eun , Kang, Bo Young , Lee, Ryung Ah , Kim, Kwang Ho; J Korean Soc Coloproctol. 2008;24(3):192-200.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3393/jksc.2008.24.3.192

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Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the hypothesis that tussue IGFBP-2,-3, and -4 levels would differ between colon cancer tissue and adjacent normal tissue and to determine whether these factors could affect the clinicopathologic characteristics such as age, tumor stage, differentiation, serosal invasion, and CEA in patients with colon cancer. METHODS: This study group consisted of 102 patients with colorectal cancer who under went operations between January 2004 and December 2006. Postoperative colon cancer specimens and adjacent normal colon tissues were obtained immediately. Histopathologic examinations were made by on pathologist for each specimen. The gene expressions of IGFBP-2,-3,-4 in cancer and normal tissues were measured using a reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). In additional, the various clinic-opathologic factors were evaluated for both tissues by comparing the IGFBP-2, -3, -4 expression densities. RESULTS: No significant difference was found in the expression of IGFBP-3, -4 between colon cancer and normal colon tissues. A statistically significant expression of IGFBP-2 was detected in the cancer specimens compared with the normal colon tissues. IGFBP-3 was significantly associated with pathologic N stage.
CONCLUSIONS
This is a rare report comparing colon cancer with normal colon tissue for IGFBP expression by means of a systemical evaluation of colon cancer patients. Our data suggest that IGFBP-2 may be intimately associated with malignant phenotypes, and may confer some growth advantage on tumor cells, which means that IGFBP-2 shows a high sensitivity for colorectal cancer. Interestingly, IGFBP-3 was strongly associated with the pathologic N stage. We think further studies are needed to understand this phenomenon.

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