Purpose Minimally invasive surgery offers reduced trauma, accelerated recovery, and shorter hospital stays. Robotic technology further enhances laparoscopic precision, particularly in colorectal procedures. This study investigated the safety and effectiveness of robotic natural orifice transluminal extraction colectomy (R-NOTEC) and robotic no-incision colectomy (R-NIC), comparing these techniques to the conventional robotic colectomy.
Methods Outcomes of patients undergoing robotic-assisted colorectal resection—either conventional robotic colectomy or R-NOTEC/R-NIC—using a single docking technique at a tertiary hospital over 3 years were analyzed. All patients were managed according to established Enhanced Recovery After Surgery protocols.
Results In total, 100 patients were included, with 25 receiving R-NOTEC or R-NIC. The median age was 65 years (range, 30–82 years), and the median body mass index was 31.0 kg/m2 (range, 20.1–43.0 kg/m2). The median length of stay was significantly shorter in the R-NOTEC/R-NIC group than in the conventional robotic group (2.0 days vs. 3.4 days, P=0.021). Other outcomes, such as circumferential resection margin status, lymph node yield, and mortality, were similar between groups. The R-NOTEC/R-NIC group exhibited a slightly lower complication rate, as well as less opioid use. No conversions to open surgery occurred in either group.
Conclusion R-NOTEC/R-NIC offer significant promise in colorectal surgery by minimizing trauma, expediting recovery, and maintaining oncologic safety. Nevertheless, these procedures require specialized surgical expertise and careful patient selection. Further research should focus on long-term outcomes and standardization of these techniques.
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Purpose Total neoadjuvant therapy (TNT) is becoming the standard of care for locally advanced rectal cancer. However, surgery is deferred for months after completion, which may lead to fibrosis and increased surgical difficulty. The aim of this study was to assess whether TNT (TNT-RAPIDO) is associated with increased difficulty of total mesorectal excision (TME) compared with long-course chemoradiotherapy (LCRT) and upfront surgery.
Methods Twelve laparoscopic videos of low anterior resection with TME for rectal cancer were prospectively collected from January 2020 to October 2021, with 4 videos in each arm. Seven colorectal surgeons assessed the videos independently, graded the difficulty of TME using a visual analog scale and attempted to identify which category the videos belonged to.
Results The median age was 67 years, and 10 patients were male. The median interval to surgery from radiotherapy was 13 weeks in the LCRT group and 24 weeks in the TNT-RAPIDO group. There was no significant difference in the visual analog scale for difficulty in TME between the 3 groups (LCRT, 3.2; TNT-RAPIDO, 4.6; upfront, 4.1; P=0.12). A subgroup analysis showed similar difficulty between groups (LCRT 3.2 vs. TNT-RAPIDO 4.6, P=0.05; TNT-RAPIDO 4.6 vs. upfront 4.1, P=0.54). During video assessments, surgeons correctly identified the prior treatment modality in 42% of the cases. TNT-RAPIDO videos had the highest recognition rate (71%), significantly outperforming both LCRT (29%) and upfront surgery (25%, P=0.01).
Conclusion TNT does not appear to increase the surgical difficulty of TME.
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The benefits of minimally invasive approaches in colorectal surgery have been well demonstrated. However, some hesitancy remains with regards to the utilization of the robotic platform for total colectomies, mostly due to the perceived need for multiple re-dockings in multiquadrant surgery. This video aims to demonstrate how the robotic platform can be efficiently utilized in multiquadrant surgery without the need for multiple re-dockings, as well as some tips on how to overcome the potential challenges that may be encountered during this procedure.
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Fully Robotic Total Colectomy in High‐Risk Patients and Review of Literature Igor Monsellato, Teresa Gatto, Maria Antonietta Alagia, Federico Sangiuolo, Marco Palucci, Celeste del Basso, Martina Girardi, Irene Gandini, Gabriela Del Angel‐Millan, Marco Lodin, Fabio Giannone, Gianluca Cassese, Fabrizio Panaro The International Journal of Medical Robotics and Computer Assisted Surgery.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Transanal total mesorectal excision (TaTME) was introduced as a novel technique to deal with rectal cancers. Its transanal approach offered the shortest distance to approach a challenging location, allowing an excellent visualization of the distal resection margin. Since its introduction in 2010, a significant amount of research has been put in to measure its development. In this review, we look at its ancestry, the genesis for its introduction and continued evolution as well as some of the important outcomes in its journey thus far. The importance of a structured and proctored learning journey is also stressed to enable the safe application and development of this technique. Beyond this, the TaTME movement has progressed relentlessly and its utility has been expanded to the management of benign conditions such as inflammatory bowel disease, Hartman reversals, and anastomotic strictures. We believe that the continued development and adoption of TaTME worldwide is here to stay.
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Purpose Obesity has been known to contribute to technical difficulties in surgery. Until now, body mass index (BMI) has been used to measure obesity. However, there are reports that BMI does not always correspond to the visceral fat. Recently, bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) has been used for body composition analysis. This study aimed to evaluate the usefulness of the body composition index obtained using a BIA device in predicting short-term postoperative outcomes.
Methods Data of patients who underwent elective major colorectal surgery using minimally invasive techniques were reviewed retrospectively. Body composition status was recorded using a commercial BIA device the day before surgery. The relationship between BMI, body composition index, and short-term postoperative outcomes, including operative time, was analyzed.
Results Sixty-six patients were enrolled in this study. In the correlation analysis, positive correlation was observed between BMI and body composition index. BMI and body composition index were not associated with short-term postoperative outcomes. Percent body fat (odds ratio, 4.226; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.064–16.780; P=0.041) was found to be a statistically significant factor of prolonged operative time in the multivariate analysis. Correlation analysis showed that body fat mass was related to prolonged operative time (correlation coefficients, 0.245; P=0.048). In the area under curve analysis, body fat mass showed a statistically significant predictive probability for prolonged operative time (body fat mass: area, 0.662; 95% CI, 0.531–0.764; P=0.024).
Conclusion The body composition index can be used as a predictive marker for prolonged operative time. Further studies are needed to determine its usefulness.
Simple perinephric adipose tissue measurement for prediction of failed sentinel lymph node mapping in endometrial cancer Lina Salman, Paulina Cybulska, Ryley Fowler, Manjula Maganti, Ur Metser, Sarah E. Ferguson International Journal of Gynecological Cancer.2025; 35(11): 101949. CrossRef
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Malignant disease,Prognosis and adjuvant therapy,Colorectal cancer,Epidemiology & etiology
Purpose Colorectal cancer (CRC) occurs in all age groups, and the application of treatment may vary according to age. The study was designed to identify the characteristics of CRC by age.
Methods A total of 4,326 patients undergoing primary resection for CRC from September 2006 to July 2019 were reviewed. Patient and tumor characteristics, operative and postoperative data, and oncologic outcome were compared
Results Patients aged 60 to 69 years comprised the largest age group (29.7%), followed by those aged 50 to 59 and 70 to 79 (24.5% and 23.9%, respectively). Rectal cancer was common in all age groups, but right-sided colon cancer tended to be more frequent in older patients. In very elderly patients, there were significant numbers of emergency surgeries, and the frequencies of open surgery and permanent stoma were greater. In contrast, total abdominal colectomy or total proctocolectomy was performed frequently in patients in their teens and twenties. The elderly patients showed more advanced tumor stages and postoperative ileus. The incidence of adjuvant treatment was low in elderly patients, who also had shorter follow-up periods. Overall survival was reduced in older patients with stages 0 to 3 CRC (P<0.001), but disease-free survival did not differ by age (P=0.391).
Conclusion CRC screening at an earlier age than is currently undertaken may be necessary in Korea. In addition, improved surgical and oncological outcomes can be achieved through active treatment of the growing number of elderly CRC patients.
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Technical Note
Malignant disease, Rectal cancer,Minimally invasive surgery
Recently, abdominoperineal resection (APR) using a robot has been demonstrated in other studies. However, there has been no report on APR for rectal cancer using the single-port robot (SPR) platform. In response to this research gap, we described the clinical experience of APR using a SPR. From April 2019 to March 2020, APR using a SPR platform was performed in a total of 4 patients. Three patients had a transumbilical approach, and 1 patient had a transstoma site approach. The average operation time was 307 minutes, and the patient docking time to the SPR platform was 133.5 minutes. There were no complications during the operation, and no laparoscopy or open conversion. No reoperation occurred within 30 days. Mild postoperative complications occurred in 2 patients. We found that APR has safety and feasibility in surgery using an SPR platform. There was no intraoperative event and severe postoperative complications.
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Surgical Techniques for Transanal Local Excision for Early Rectal Cancer Gyoung Tae Noh The Ewha Medical Journal.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Purpose This study was aimed to assess the feasibility of laparoscopic rectal surgery, comparing quality of surgical specimen, morbidity, and mortality.
Methods Prospectively acquired data from consecutive patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery for rectal cancer, at 2 minimally invasive colorectal units, operated by the same team was included. Locally advanced rectal tumors were identified as T3B or T4 with preoperative magnetic resonance imaging scans. All the patients were operated on by the same team. The 1:1 propensity score matching was performed to create a perfect match in terms of tumor height.
Results Total of 418 laparoscopic resections were performed, out of which 109 patients had locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) and were propensity score matched with non-LARC (NLARC) patients. Median operation time was higher for the LARC group (270 minutes vs. 250 minutes, P=0.011). However, conversion to open surgery was done in 5 vs. 2 patients (P=0.445), reoperation in 8 vs. 7 (P=0.789), clinical anastomotic leak was found in 3 vs. 2 (P=0.670), and 30-day mortality rates was 2 vs. 1 (P>0.999) between LARC and NLARC, respectively. Readmission rate was higher in the NLARC group (33 patients vs. 19 patients, P=0.026), due to stoma-related issues. There was no statistically significant difference in the R0 resection between the 2 groups (99 patients in LARC vs. 104 patients in NLARC, P=0.284).
Conclusion This study demonstrates that standardized approach to laparoscopy is safe and feasible in LARC. Comparable postoperative short-term clinical and pathological outcomes were seen between LARC and NLARC groups.
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Malakoplakia is a rare granulomatous inflammatory disorder. Its diagnosis depends on histopathological findings; however, high-quality literature regarding proper medical/surgical treatment is lacking. A 38-year-old diabetic female patient was admitted to the emergency room with a history of lower gastrointestinal hemorrhage. Colonoscopy revealed a lesion in the descending colon, and abdominal computed tomography revealed a splenic flexure mass involving the lower pole of the spleen and upper pole of the left kidney. Biopsies confirmed the diagnosis of malakoplakia. After completing antibiotic treatment, a restaging computed tomography revealed a discrete mass increase; hence, the patient underwent laparoscopic en bloc colectomy and partial nephrectomy. Postoperatively, the patient developed a pancreatic fistula, which was successfully treated with percutaneous drainage and antibiotics. The presence of pathognomonic Michaelis-Gutmann inclusions on histopathology is frequently reported as the key to diagnosing malakoplakia. Herein, we present a successful, minimally invasive surgical treatment for colonic malakoplakia.
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Original Articles
Malignant disease,Rectal cancer,Prognosis and adjuvant therapy,Colorectal cancer,Minimally invasive surgery
Purpose Laparoscopic approach to colonic tumor requires skill set and resources to be established as routine standard of care in most centers around the world. It presents particular challenge in country like Pakistan due to economic constrain and lack of teaching and training opportunities available for surgeons to be trained to deliver such service. The aim of this study is to look into changing practice of our institution from conventional approach of open to laparoscopic surgery for right colon cancer.
Methods Consecutive patients between January 2010 to December 2018 who presented to Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Centre with diagnosis of right colon (cecum, ascending and transverse colon) adenocarcinoma and underwent surgical resections were included in this study.
Results A total of 230 patients with adenocarcinoma of the right colon underwent curative resections during the study period. Of these, 141 patients (61.3%) underwent laparoscopic surgery while open resection was performed in 89 patients (38.7%). Five-year disease-free survival (DFS) of patients with American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) stage III (80.9% vs. 54.8%, P = 0.021) was significantly better if these patients underwent laparoscopic surgery while a trend toward better DFS (96.7% vs. 84.1%, P = 0.111) was also observed in AJCC stage II patients, although this difference was not significant.
Conclusion This study demonstrates the adoption of a laparoscopic approach for right colon cancer over 10 years. With a standardized approach and using the principle of oncological surgery, we incorporated this in our minimally invasive surgery practice at our institution.
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Short-Term Outcomes of First 100 Laparoscopic Colorectal Surgeries at a Newly Developed Surgical Setup at Peshawar Muhammad F Shah, Irfan Ul Islam Nasir, Riaz Ahmad, Sajjad Ahmad, Aalia Amjad, Khush Bakht Zaineb, Romana Rehman Cureus.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Effect of Fluorescence Lymph Node Mapping on Improving Diagnostic Values of CT D3 Lymph Node Staging for Right-Sided Colon Cancer Gyung Mo Son, Tae Un Kim, Mi Sook Yun, ChangYeop Kim, In Young Lee, Su Bum Park, Dong-Hoon Shin, Gi Won Ha Cancers.2024; 16(20): 3496. CrossRef
Optimal Indocyanine Green Dosage for Repetitive Angiography for Laparoscopic Colorectal Surgery Gyung Mo Son, Sang-Ho Park, Nam Su Kim, Mi Sook Yun, In Young Lee, Myeong-Sook Kwon, Tae Kyun Kim, Eun Hwa Lee, Eun Jung Hwang, Kwang-Ryul Baek Medicina.2024; 60(12): 1966. CrossRef
Clinical Effectiveness of Fluorescence Lymph Node Mapping Using ICG for Laparoscopic Right Hemicolectomy: A Prospective Case–Control Study Gyung Mo Son, Mi Sook Yun, In Young Lee, Sun Bin Im, Kyung Hee Kim, Su Bum Park, Tae Un Kim, Dong-Hoon Shin, Armaan M. Nazir, Gi Won Ha Cancers.2023; 15(20): 4927. CrossRef
Do Laparoscopic Approaches Ensure Oncological Safety and Prognosis for Serosa-Exposed Colon Cancer? A Comparative Study against the Open Approach Ji-Hyun Seo, In-Ja Park Cancers.2023; 15(21): 5211. CrossRef
Fluorescence-guided colorectal surgery: applications, clinical results, and protocols Jin-Min Jung, In Ja Park, Eun Jung Park, Gyung Mo Son Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research.2023; 105(5): 252. CrossRef
Ileal long-segment ischemia after the unintended ligation of variant ileal branch during laparoscopic right hemicolectomy Gyung Mo Son, Tae Un Kim, Dong-Hoon Shin, Joo-Young Na, In Young Lee, Shin Hoo Park Journal of Minimally Invasive Surgery.2022; 25(3): 116. CrossRef
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Benign GI diease,Benign proctology,Surgical technique
Purpose This study aimed to evaluate the outcomes of the Bascom cleft lift (flap) and the pilonidal pits excision (Gips procedure).
Methods The records of all the patients who underwent pilonidal sinus excision between November 2013 and August 2017 were reviewed. Inclusion criteria included either pilonidal pits excision or the Bascom cleft lift procedure. All procedures were performed by a single surgeon. Perioperative complications and recurrence rates were reviewed.
Results Fifty-three patients met the inclusion criteria. Male/female ratio was 36/17, with a mean age of 23.4 ± 7 years. In this study, 21 patients underwent the Bascom cleft lift (skin flap) procedure and 32 underwent the Gips-style operation. The mean follow-up was 3.5 months. Twenty-eight patients (52.8%) underwent prior drainage of pilonidal abscess. Eleven patients had a previous wide local excision with recurrent disease. A higher rate of recurrence was observed among patients who underwent pits picking following failure of a previous wide local excision (80% vs. 0%, P = 0.02). Minor wound dehiscence developed in 8 patients; all of which were in the Bascom flap group (40% vs. 0%, P < 0.005). All of these wounds healed completely between 3 and 6 weeks.
Conclusion The Gips procedure is the recommended treatment for simple pilonidal disease. For recurrent pilonidal disease, the Bascom cleft lift (flap) procedure is an excellent option since it demonstrates a short wound healing time and a good success rate. This calls into question the continued use of the wide excision technique used by most surgeons in this country and abroad.
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Although the standard treatment for patients with locally advanced rectal cancer managed by preoperative chemoradiotherapy (CRT) is a radical resection, local excisions are used in highly-selective cases. Recently, transanal minimally-invasive surgery (TAMIS) has emerged as a feasible technique for local excision of midrectal lesions. We assess the feasibility of using TAMIS to treat patients with locally advanced rectal cancer who showed good response to CRT.
Methods
From October 2010 to June 2013, 35 consecutive patients with rectal cancer managed by using preoperative CRT underwent TAMIS. After a single-incision laparoscopic surgery port had been introduced into the anal canal, a full-thickness local excision with conventional laparoscopic instruments was performed. We retrospectively reviewed a prospectively collected database of these cases.
Results
Of the 35 patients analyzed, 18 showed pathologic complete responses and 17 had residual lesions (2 ypTis, 4 ypT1, 9 ypT2, and 2 ypT3); 34 (97.1%) showed clear deep, lateral margins. The median distance of lesions from the anal verge was 5 cm. All procedures were completed laparoscopically, and the median operating time was 84 minutes. No intraoperative events or morbidities were seen in any of the patients, except one with wound dehiscence, who was treated conservatively. The median postoperative hospital stay and follow-up period were 4 days and 36 months, respectively. During the study period, no patients died, but 5 (14.3%) experienced recurrence, including one recurrence at the TAMIS site.
Conclusion
TAMIS seems to be a feasible, safe modality for treating patients with locally advanced rectal cancer who show good response to preoperative CRT.
Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by
TAMIS: New Horizons in Modern Colorectal Surgery Nurhilal Kızıltoprak, Jack Aaron, Camila Diez, Sam Atallah Turkish Journal of Colorectal Disease.2025; 35(2): 33. CrossRef
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Transanal minimally invasive surgery as a treatment option for a completely occluded anastomosis after low anterior resection: A new approach to severe anastomotic stenosis Jun Woo Bong, Seok‐Byung Lim Asian Journal of Endoscopic Surgery.2019; 12(2): 175. CrossRef
A systematic review and meta-analysis of pT2 rectal cancer spread and recurrence pattern: Implications for target design in radiation therapy for organ preservation Joanna Socha, Lucyna Pietrzak, Anna Zawadzka, Anna Paciorkiewicz, Anna Krupa, Krzysztof Bujko Radiotherapy and Oncology.2019; 133: 20. CrossRef
Transanal Minimally Invasive Surgery After Chemoradiotherapy: Widening Scope of Indications for Local Excision Min Jung Kim, Jae Hwan Oh Annals of Coloproctology.2017; 33(2): 43. CrossRef