Annals of Coloproctology

Review

Translational/basic research

Tissue engineering and regenerative medicine approaches in colorectal surgery: Bigyan B. Mainali, James J. Yoo, Mitchell R. Ladd; Ann Coloproctol. 2024;40(4):336-349. Published online August 30, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3393/ac.2024.00437.0062

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Abstract PDF: Tissue engineering and regenerative medicine (TERM) is an emerging field that has provided new therapeutic opportunities by delivering innovative solutions. The development of nontraditional therapies for previously unsolvable diseases and conditions has brought hope and excitement to countless individuals globally. Many regenerative medicine therapies have been developed and delivered to patients clinically. The technology platforms developed in regenerative medicine have been expanded to various medical areas; however, their applications in colorectal surgery remain limited. Applying TERM technologies to engineer biological tissue and organ substitutes may address the current therapeutic challenges and overcome some complications in colorectal surgery, such as inflammatory bowel diseases, short bowel syndrome, and diseases of motility and neuromuscular function. This review provides a comprehensive overview of TERM applications in colorectal surgery, highlighting the current state of the art, including preclinical and clinical studies, current challenges, and future perspectives. This article synthesizes the latest findings, providing a valuable resource for clinicians and researchers aiming to integrate TERM into colorectal surgical practice.

Guideline

Colorectal cancer

Colon cancer: the 2023 Korean clinical practice guidelines for diagnosis and treatment: Hyo Seon Ryu, Hyun Jung Kim, Woong Bae Ji, Byung Chang Kim, Ji Hun Kim, Sung Kyung Moon, Sung Il Kang, Han Deok Kwak, Eun Sun Kim, Chang Hyun Kim, Tae Hyung Kim, Gyoung Tae Noh, Byung-Soo Park, Hyeung-Min Park, Jeong Mo Bae, Jung Hoon Bae, Ni Eun Seo, Chang Hoon Song, Mi Sun Ahn, Jae Seon Eo, Young Chul Yoon, Joon-Kee Yoon, Kyung Ha Lee, Kyung Hee Lee, Kil-Yong Lee, Myung Su Lee, Sung Hak Lee, Jong Min Lee, Ji Eun Lee, Han Hee Lee, Myong Hoon Ihn, Je-Ho Jang, Sun Kyung Jeon, Kum Ju Chae, Jin-Ho Choi, Dae Hee Pyo, Gi Won Ha, Kyung Su Han, Young Ki Hong, Chang Won Hong, Jung-Myun Kwak, Korean Colon Cancer Multidisciplinary Committee; Ann Coloproctol. 2024;40(2):89-113. Published online April 30, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3393/ac.2024.00059.0008

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Abstract PDF Supplementary Material

Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer in Korea and the third leading cause of death from cancer. Treatment outcomes for colon cancer are steadily improving due to national health screening programs with advances in diagnostic methods, surgical techniques, and therapeutic agents.. The Korea Colon Cancer Multidisciplinary (KCCM) Committee intends to provide professionals who treat colon cancer with the most up-to-date, evidence-based practice guidelines to improve outcomes and help them make decisions that reflect their patients’ values and preferences. These guidelines have been established by consensus reached by the KCCM Guideline Committee based on a systematic literature review and evidence synthesis and by considering the national health insurance system in real clinical practice settings. Each recommendation is presented with a recommendation strength and level of evidence based on the consensus of the committee.

Citations

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2023 Korean Multidisciplinary Guidelines for Colon Cancer Management: Summary of Radiological Points
Nieun Seo, Hyo Seon Ryu, Myungsu Lee, Sun Kyung Jeon, Kum Ju Chae, Joon-Kee Yoon, Kyung Su Han, Ji Eun Lee, Jae Seon Eo, Young Chul Yoon, Sung Kyung Moon, Hyun Jung Kim, Jung-Myun Kwak
Korean Journal of Radiology.2024; 25(9): 769. CrossRef

Reviews

Inflammatory bowel diseases

Colorectal surgical management of colitis induced by vasculitis in the absence of inflammatory bowel disease: a case report and literature review: Jessica A. Paynter, Kirby R. Qin, Georgia Seamer, Ruchira Fernando, Janelle Brennan, Chun Hin Angus Lee; Ann Coloproctol. 2023;39(3):193-203. Published online November 16, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3393/ac.2022.00584.0083

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Abstract PDF: Colitis caused by vasculitis is a rare and poorly understood pathology. Little evidence exists on its clinical presentation, path to diagnosis, and surgical management. In this report, we present a case report and literature review. A healthy 20-year-old male patient presented with hemorrhagic colitis requiring total colectomy with end ileostomy. Pathological examination showed pancolitis with multiple ulcers, transmural inflammation, hemorrhage, and microvascular thrombosis. Extensive serological testing revealed elevated cytoplasmic antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (c-ANCA) and eosinophilia, leading to a diagnosis of eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA) and vasculitis-induced colitis. A literature review was subsequently conducted. Nineteen studies were found documenting vasculitis-induced colitis in the absence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Systemic signs of vasculitis, hemorrhagic colitis, and progression to fulminant colitis were present. Of all patients, 40.0% required colorectal surgery and 62.5% of those patients received a stoma; 25% underwent emergency surgery following failed immunosuppression. All cases relied on clinical correlation with serology and/or histopathology to reach a final diagnosis. We report a case of vasculitis-induced colitis caused by c-ANCA−positive EGPA. The review shows that vasculitis-induced colitis without IBD is an important differential that clinicians should be aware of in patients presenting with colitis.

Gene and protein expression of epithelial to mesenchymal transition for intestinal and anal fistula: a systematic review: Nadila Haryani Osman, Ruhi Fadzlyana Jailani, Hayati Abd Rahman, Nazefah Abdul Hamid; Ann Coloproctol. 2023;39(2):106-114. Published online December 3, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3393/ac.2021.00584.0083

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Abstract PDF

Purpose
Intestinal fibrosis is a common complication of inflammatory bowel diseases. However, the possible involvement of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) has been scarcely investigated. This systematic review aims to search through research papers that are focusing on messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein expression profile in EMT in fistula or in intestinal fibrosis.
Methods
Electronic exploration was performed until April 24, 2019 through PubMed, Ovid, Science Direct, and Scopus databases with the terms of “fistula” OR “intestinal fibrosis” AND “epithelial-mesenchymal transition”. Two independent reviewers scrutinized the suitability of the title and abstract before examining the full text that met the inclusion criteria. For each study, the sample types that were used, methods for analysis, and genes expressed were identified. The list of genes was further analyzed using DAVID (Database for Annotation, Visualization, and Integrated Discovery) and KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) pathway.
Results
There were 896 citations found; however, only 3 studies fulfilled the requirements. Among the EMT-related genes, 5 were upregulated genes at mRNA level while 6 were at protein level. However, only 2 downregulated genes were found at each mRNA and protein level. Of the 4 inflammation-related genes found, 3 genes were upregulated at mRNA level and 1 at protein level. These genes were confirmed to be involved in the development of inflammatory induced fibrosis and fistula through EMT. Results from quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis were consistent with the process of EMT, confirmed by the western blot protein analysis.
Conclusion
Many significant genes which are involved in the process of EMT in fistula and intestinal fibrosis have been identified. With high-end technology many more genes could be identified. These genes will be good molecular targets in the development of biomarkers for precision drug targeting in the future treatment of intestinal fibrosis and fistula.

Citations

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Role of Adipose Tissue Hormones in Pathogenesis of Cryptoglandular Anal Fistula
Marcin Włodarczyk, Jakub Włodarczyk, Kasper Maryńczak, Anna Waśniewska-Włodarczyk, Urszula Doboszewska, Piotr Wlaź, Łukasz Dziki, Jakub Fichna
International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2024; 25(3): 1501. CrossRef
Exosomes Derived from Colon Cancer Cells Promote Tumor Progression and Affect the Tumor Microenvironment
Minsung Kim, Il Tae Son, Gyoung Tae Noh, So-Youn Woo, Ryung-Ah Lee, Bo Young Oh
Journal of Clinical Medicine.2023; 12(12): 3905. CrossRef

Case Report

Benign bowel disease

Recurrent perianal abscess in a patient with Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome–associated granulomatous colitis: a case report: Ahmet Omak, Tevfik Kıvılcım Uprak, Wafi Attaallah; Ann Coloproctol. 2024;40(Suppl 1):S11-S14. Published online November 19, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3393/ac.2021.00437.0062

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Abstract PDF: Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome (HPS) is a rare genetic disease consisting of the triad of oculocutaneous albinism, bleeding diathesis, and pigmented reticuloendothelial cells. In HPS patients’ granulomatous colitis could be an additional feature and perianal abscess could be seen in such patients. We report a patient with HPS-associated granulomatous colitis, refractory to medical treatment, and perianal involvement. Patients with HPS-associated granulomatous colitis and perianal involvement may require multiple surgical interventions and there is no consensus yet for treatment in such patients.

Original Articles

Malignant disease,Colorectal cancer,Benign diesease & IBD,Biomarker & risk factor

Molecular characterization of dysplasia-initiated colorectal cancer with assessing matched tumor and dysplasia samples: Sungwon Jung, Jong Lyul Lee, Tae Won Kim, Jongmin Lee, Yong Sik Yoon, Kil Yeon Lee, Ki-hwan Song, Chang Sik Yu, Yong Beom Cho; Ann Coloproctol. 2022;38(1):72-81. Published online November 17, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3393/ac.2021.00290.0041

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Abstract PDF

Purpose
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is known to have an association with the increased risk of colorectal cancer (CRC), and UC-associated CRC does not follow the typical progress pattern of adenoma-carcinoma. The aim of this study is to investigate molecular characteristics of UC-associated CRC and further our understanding of the association between UC and CRC.
Methods
From 5 patients with UC-associated CRC, matched normal, dysplasia, and tumor specimens were obtained from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) samples for analysis. Genomic DNA was extracted and whole exome sequencing was conducted to identify somatic variations in dysplasia and tumor samples. Statistical analysis was performed to identify somatic variations with significantly higher frequencies in dysplasia-initiated tumors, and their relevant functions were investigated.
Results
Total of 104 tumor mutation genes were identified with higher mutation frequencies in dysplasia-initiated tumors. Four of the 5 dysplasia-initiated tumors (80.0%) have TP53 mutations with frequent stop-gain mutations that were originated from matched dysplasia. APC and KRAS are known to be frequently mutated in general CRC, while none of the 5 patients have APC or KRAS mutation in their dysplasia and tumor samples. Glycoproteins including mucins were also frequently mutated in dysplasia-initiated tumors.
Conclusion
UC-associated CRC tumors have distinct mutational characteristics compared to typical adenoma-carcinoma tumors and may have different cancer-driving molecular mechanisms that are initiated from earlier dysplasia status.

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Cytoreductive surgery plus hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy versus R0 resection for resectable colorectal cancer with peritoneal metastases and low peritoneal cancer index scores: a collaborative observational study from Korea and Japan
Daichi Kitaguchi, Eun Jung Park, Seung Hyuk Baik, Shoma Sasaki, Yuichiro Tsukada, Masaaki Ito
International Journal of Surgery.2024; 110(1): 45. CrossRef
Impact of Postoperative Naples Prognostic Score to Predict Survival in Patients with Stage II–III Colorectal Cancer
Su Hyeong Park, Hye Seung Woo, In Kyung Hong, Eun Jung Park
Cancers.2023; 15(20): 5098. CrossRef

Incidence of anal fistula after pyogenic perianal abscess drainage in Kingdom of Bahrain: Zahra Abdulla Isa Yusuf Hasan, Bayan Mohamed, Rawaa AlSayegh, Raed AlMarzooq; Ann Coloproctol. 2023;39(1):27-31. Published online August 9, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3393/ac.2020.00962.0137

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Abstract PDF

Purpose
Perianal fistula is one of the most common anorectal diseases in adult patients, especially men. A relationship between pyogenic perianal abscess and fistula formation is established in multiple domains. This is the first exploration of such association among patients in the country as no related study has been published in Bahrain. We expect this study to be a foundation for future protocols and evidence-based practice.
Methods
A retrospective study was conducted in Salmaniya Medical Complex of Bahrain. A total of 109 patients with a diagnosis of anal abscess were included between 2015 and 2018. Data were collected from the electronic files database used in Salmaniya Medical Complex (iSeha) as well as phone calls to the patients. Collected data were analyzed using statistical software.
Results
The most predominant presentation of perianal abscess was pain. Over 50% of abscesses were classified as perianal (56.9%) and among those, left-sided abscesses were more common, followed by right-, posterior-, and anterior-sited, respectively. No recurrence of abscess was recorded among 80% of patients. A fistula developed following abscess drainage in 33.9% of patients. Most fistulas (37.8%) were diagnosed within 6 months or less from abscess drainage. Posterior fistulas were the most common, followed by anterior and left-sided fistulas.
Conclusion
The incidence of anal fistula in Bahrain after perianal abscess was 33.9%. Most of the patients who developed a fistula following pyogenic abscess drainage were males and above the age of 40 years. The most common site for fistula was posterior.

Citations

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Anal Cryptoglandular Suppuration
Oladapo Akinmoladun, Quinton M. Hatch
Surgical Clinics of North America.2024; 104(3): 491. CrossRef
Research Progress on Diagnosis and Surgical Treatment of Perianal Deep Space Abscess
永罡秦
Advances in Clinical Medicine.2023; 13(01): 180. CrossRef

Case Report

Malignant disease,Rare disease & stoma

Extensive Resection for Treatment of Locally Advanced Primary Mucinous Adenocarcinoma Arising From Fistula-in-Ano: Jordan Au, Francis M. Hulme-Moir, Andrew Herd, Mathew A. Kozman; Ann Coloproctol. 2021;37(Suppl 1):S7-S10. Published online November 26, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3393/ac.2019.11.19

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Abstract PDF

We report a case of a 66-year-old male who presented with a locally advanced primary mucinous adenocarcinoma arising from a fistula-in-ano. The presentation was typical for perianal sepsis and fistula-in-ano with anal pain and chronic discharge. Initial treatments with fistula debridement and seton were performed. Subsequent review of histology revealed underlying adenocarcinoma, while magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed local invasion into the prostate. The patient received neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy followed by pelvic exenteration to maximize the chance of achieving cure. Features of this case are discussed together with its implications, including treatment guidelines and typical MRI findings.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Perianal Mucinous Adenocarcinoma Found Incidentally From Perianal Mass
Seyed Khalafi, Malini Riddle, Brittany Harper, Vid Fikfak
Cureus.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Advances in the Treatment of Colorectal Cancer with Peritoneal Metastases: A Focus on Cytoreductive Surgery and Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy
Youngbae Jeon, Eun Jung Park
The Ewha Medical Journal.2023;[Epub] CrossRef

Original Article

Association Between c-Met and Lymphangiogenic Factors in Patients With Colorectal Cancer: Han Jo Kim, Moo-Jun Baek, Dong Hyun Kang, Sang-Cheol Lee, Sang Byung Bae, Kyu Taek Lee, Namsu Lee, Hyungjoo Kim, Dongjun Jeong, Tae Sung Ahn, Moon Soo Lee, Dae Sik Hong, Jong-Ho Won; Ann Coloproctol. 2018;34(2):88-93. Published online April 30, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3393/ac.2017.10.10

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Abstract PDF

Purpose
Animal models show a strong relationship between lymphangiogenesis and lymph node metastasis. However, the clinical significance of lymphangiogenesis in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) remains uncertain. This study aimed to evaluate the association between c-Met and lymphangiogenic factors and to elucidate the prognostic significance of c-Met in patients with CRC.
Methods
A total of 379 tissue samples were obtained from surgically resected specimens from patients with CRC at Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital between January 2002 and December 2010. The expressions of c-Met, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-C, VEGF-D, VEGF receptor (VEGFR)-3, and podoplanin were examined using immunohistochemistry. The expression of c-Met and clinical factors were analyzed.
Results
Of the 379 tissues, 301 (79.4%) had c-Met expression. High expression of c-Met in tumor cells was significantly associated with high expression of VEGF-C (P < 0.001) and VEGFR-3 (P = 0.001). However, no statistically significant association with podoplanin (P = 0.587) or VEGF-D (P = 0.096) was found. Of the 103 evaluable patients, expression of c-Met in tumor cells was significantly associated with advanced clinical stage (P = 0.020), positive lymph node status (P = 0.038), and high expression of VEGF-C (P = 0.020). However, no statistically significant association with podoplanin (P = 0.518), VEGFR-3 (P = 0.085), VEGF-D (P = 0.203), or overall survival (P = 0.360) was found.
Conclusion
Our results provide indirect evidence for an association and possible regulatory link of c-Met with the lymphangiogenic markers, but c-Met expression in patients with CRC is not a prognostic indicator for overall survival.

Citations

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Expression Profile of Microenvironmental Factors in the Interface Zone of Colorectal Cancer: Histological-Stromal Biomarkers and Cancer Cell-Cancer-Associated Fibroblast-Related Proteins Combined for the Assessment of Tumor Progression
Ricella Souza da Silva, Eduardo M. Queiroga, Cynthia de Toledo Osório, Karin S. Cunha, Fabiana P. Neves, Julieth P. Andrade, Eliane P. Dias
Pathobiology.2024; 91(2): 99. CrossRef
Recent progress in the imaging of c‐Met aberrant cancers with positron emission tomography
Giuseppe Floresta, Vincenzo Abbate
Medicinal Research Reviews.2022; 42(4): 1588. CrossRef
Involvement of Met receptor pathway in aggressive behavior of colorectal cancer cells induced by parathyroid hormone-related peptide
María Belén Novoa Díaz, Pedro Carriere, Graciela Gigola, Ariel Osvaldo Zwenger, Natalia Calvo, Claudia Gentili
World Journal of Gastroenterology.2022; 28(26): 3177. CrossRef
The potential therapeutic and prognostic impacts of the c‐MET/HGF signaling pathway in colorectal cancer
Seyed Mostafa Parizadeh, Reza Jafarzadeh‐Esfehani, Danial Fazilat‐Panah, Seyed Mahdi Hassanian, Soodabeh Shahidsales, Majid Khazaei, Seyed Mohammad Reza Parizadeh, Majid Ghayour‐Mobarhan, Gordon A. Ferns, Amir Avan
IUBMB Life.2019; 71(7): 802. CrossRef

Review

The Future Medical Science and Colorectal Surgeons: Young Jin Kim; Ann Coloproctol. 2017;33(6):207-209. Published online December 31, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3393/ac.2017.33.6.207

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Abstract PDF

Future medical technology breakthroughs will build from the incredible progress made in computers, biotechnology, and nanotechnology and from the information learned from the human genome. With such technology and information, computer-aided diagnoses, organ replacement, gene therapy, personalized drugs, and even age reversal will become possible. True 3-dimensional system technology will enable surgeons to envision key clinical features and will help them in planning complex surgery. Surgeons will enter surgical instructions in a virtual space from a remote medical center, order a medical robot to perform the operation, and review the operation in real time on a monitor. Surgeons will be better than artificial intelligence or automated robots when surgeons (or we) love patients and ask questions for a better future. The purpose of this paper is looking at the future medical science and the changes of colorectal surgeons.

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Development of artificial intelligence technology in diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of colorectal cancer
Feng Liang, Shu Wang, Kai Zhang, Tong-Jun Liu, Jian-Nan Li
World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology.2022; 14(1): 124. CrossRef
Modern Machine Learning Practices in Colorectal Surgery: A Scoping Review
Stephanie Taha-Mehlitz, Silvio Däster, Laura Bach, Vincent Ochs, Markus von Flüe, Daniel Steinemann, Anas Taha
Journal of Clinical Medicine.2022; 11(9): 2431. CrossRef
Surgical safety in the COVID-19 era: present and future considerations
Young Il Kim, In Ja Park
Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research.2022; 102(6): 295. CrossRef
Introducing Mobile Collaborative Robots into Bioprocessing Environments: Personalised Drug Manufacturing and Environmental Monitoring
Robins Mathew, Robert McGee, Kevin Roche, Shada Warreth, Nikolaos Papakostas
Applied Sciences.2022; 12(21): 10895. CrossRef
7P pediatrics — Medicine of Development and Health Programming
Leyla S. Namazova-Baranova, Alexandr A. Baranov, Elena A. Vishneva, Anna A. Alekseeva, Valerii Y. Albitskiy, Irina A. Belyaeva, Viliya A. Bulgakova, Nato D. Vashakmadze, Olga B. Gordeeva, Irina V. Zelenkova, Elena V. Kaitukova, Georgii A. Karkashadze, Ele
Annals of the Russian academy of medical sciences.2021; 76(6): 622. CrossRef
Application and Prospect of a Mobile Hospital in Disaster Response
Xinlin Chen, Lu Lu, Jie Shi, Xin Zhang, Haojun Fan, Bin Fan, Bo Qu, Qi Lv, Shike Hou
Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness.2020; 14(3): 377. CrossRef
The effect of diets delivered into the gastrointestinal tract on gut motility after colorectal surgery—a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials
Sophie Hogan, Daniel Steffens, Anna Rangan, Michael Solomon, Sharon Carey
European Journal of Clinical Nutrition.2019; 73(10): 1331. CrossRef

Original Articles

Association of LCT-13910 C/T Polymorphism and Colorectal Cancer: Genco Gençdal, Esin Salman, Ömer Özütemiz, Ulus S. Akarca; Ann Coloproctol. 2017;33(5):169-172. Published online October 31, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3393/ac.2017.33.5.169

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Abstract PDF

Purpose

The activity of epithelial lactase (LCT) is associated with a polymorphism 13910 bp upstream in the lactase encoding gene. Because the association between the LCT-13910 polymorphism and the risk for colorectal cancer is not clear, we investigated the role of the LCT-13910 polymorphism as a potential risk factor for colorectal cancer and colorectal polyps in the Turkish population.

Methods

One hundred sixty-six subjects (74 with polyps, 44 with colorectal cancer, 48 controls), who had undergone a total colonoscopy between January 2012 and November 2012 in our endoscopy unit were genotyped for the LCT-13910 polymorphism by using the polymerase chain reaction and minisequencing.

Results

The CC genotype in the lactose gene 13910 locus, which is accepted as the genetic indicator of lactase deficiency, was determined as 83.7%. The CC genotype rate was determined as 89.1% in patients who had a history of lactose intolerance and 81.5% in those without a history of lactose intolerance (P = 0.236). No difference was detected between the patients who had colorectal polyp(s) and/or cancer and the controls with regard to the LCT-13910 polymorphism. No differences were determined between groups when they were compared with regard to the C or the T allele.

Conclusion

No differences were detected between the patients who had colorectal polyp(s) and/or cancer and those with normal colonoscopy findings with regard to lactase gene polymorphisms. No differences were determined between the groups when they were compared with regard to the C or the T allele.

Citations

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Genetically Determined Circulating Lactase/Phlorizin Hydrolase Concentrations and Risk of Colorectal Cancer: A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study
Sihao Han, Jiemin Yao, Hajime Yamazaki, Samantha A. Streicher, Jianyu Rao, Roch A. Nianogo, Zuofeng Zhang, Brian Z. Huang
Nutrients.2024; 16(6): 808. CrossRef
The Association of Lactose Intolerance With Colon and Gastric Cancers: Friend or Foe?
Mohammad Maysara Asfari, Osama Hamid, Muhammad Talal Sarmini, Katherine Kendrick, Lakshmi Priyanka Pappoppula, Humberto Sifuentes, Subbaramiah Sridhar
Cureus.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Genetically proxied milk consumption and risk of colorectal, bladder, breast, and prostate cancer: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study
Susanna C. Larsson, Amy M. Mason, Siddhartha Kar, Mathew Vithayathil, Paul Carter, John A. Baron, Karl Michaëlsson, Stephen Burgess
BMC Medicine.2020;[Epub] CrossRef
Routine disaccharidase testing: are we there yet?
Antone R. Opekun, Bruno P. Chumpitazi, Mustafa M. Abdulsada, Buford L. Nichols
Current Opinion in Gastroenterology.2020; 36(2): 101. CrossRef
Lactose Intolerance and Colorectal Cancer
Jong-Woo Kim
Annals of Coloproctology.2017; 33(5): 157. CrossRef

Adipose-tissue-derived Stem Cells Enhance the Healing of Ischemic Colonic Anastomoses: An Experimental Study in Rats: Jong Han Yoo, Jae Ho Shin, Min Sung An, Tae Kwun Ha, Kwang Hee Kim, Ki Beom Bae, Tae Hyeon Kim, Chang Soo Choi, Kwan Hee Hong, Jeong Kim, Soo Jin Jung, Sun Hee Kim, Kuk Hwan Rho, Jong Tae Kim, Young Il Yang; J Korean Soc Coloproctol. 2012;28(3):132-139. Published online June 30, 2012; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3393/jksc.2012.28.3.132

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Abstract PDF

Purpose

This experimental study verified the effect of adipose-tissue-derived stem cells (ASCs) on the healing of ischemic colonic anastomoses in rats.

Methods

ASCs were isolated from the subcutaneous fat tissue of rats and identified as mesenchymal stem cells by identification of different potentials. An animal model of colonic ischemic anastomosis was induced by modifying Nagahata's method. Sixty male Sprague-Dawley rats (10-week-old, 370 ± 50 g) were divided into two groups (n = 30 each): a control group in which the anastomosis was sutured in a single layer with 6-0 polypropylene without any treatment and an ASCtreated group (ASC group) in which the anastomosis was sutured as in the control group, but then ASCs were locally transplanted into the bowel wall around the anastomosis. The rats were sacrificed on postoperative day 7. Healing of the anastomoses was assessed by measuring loss of body weight, wound infection, anastomotic leakage, mortality, adhesion formation, ileus, anastomotic stricture, anastomotic bursting pressure, histopathological features, and microvascular density.

Results

No differences in wound infection, anastomotic leakage, or mortality between the two groups were observed. The ASC group had significantly more favorable anastomotic healing, including less body weight lost, less ileus, and fewer ulcers and strictures, than the control group. ASCs augmented bursting pressure and collagen deposition. The histopathological features were significantly more favorable in the ASC group, and microvascular density was significantly higher than it was in the control group.

Conclusion

Locally-transplanted ASCs enhanced healing of ischemic colonic anastomoses by increasing angiogenesis. ASCs could be a novel strategy for accelerating healing of colonic ischemic risk anastomoses.

Citations

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Experimental models of high-risk bowel anastomosis in rats: A systematic review
Georgios Ntampakis, Manousos-Georgios Pramateftakis, Elissavet Anestiadou, Stefanos Bitsianis, Orestis Ioannidis, Chryssa Bekiari, George Koliakos, Maria Karakota, Anastasia Tsakona, Angeliki Cheva, Stamatios Angelopoulos
World Journal of Experimental Medicine.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
The Role of Adipose Tissue Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Colonic Anastomosis Healing in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Experimental Study in Rats
Georgios Ntampakis, Manousos-Georgios Pramateftakis, Orestis Ioannidis, Stefanos Bitsianis, Panagiotis Christidis, Savvas Symeonidis, Georgios Koliakos, Maria Karakota, Chrysanthi Bekiari, Anastasia Tsakona, Angeliki Cheva, Stamatios Aggelopoulos
Journal of Clinical Medicine.2023; 12(19): 6336. CrossRef
The application of regenerative medicine in colorectal surgery
Ilan Kent, Michael R. Freund, Samir Agarwal, Steven D. Wexner
Surgery.2022; 171(4): 867. CrossRef
Stem cell therapy applied for digestive anastomosis: Current state and future perspectives
Jacobo Trébol, Tihomir Georgiev-Hristov, Isabel Pascual-Miguelañez, Hector Guadalajara, Mariano García-Arranz, Damian García-Olmo
World Journal of Stem Cells.2022; 14(1): 117. CrossRef
Stem Cell Therapies for Gastrointestinal Anastomotic Healing: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis on Results from Animal Studies
Apostolos Gaitanidis, Leonidas Kandilogiannakis, Eirini Filidou, Alexandra Tsaroucha, George Kolios, Michail Pitiakoudis
European Surgical Research.2022; 63(4): 173. CrossRef
Effect of Adipose-Derived Stem Cells on Colonic Anastomosis in Rats Immunosuppressed With Everolimus: An Experimental Study
Emre Karakaya, Aydincan Akdur, Alev Ok Atilgan, Ahmet Cagri Uysal, Huriye Eda Ozturan Ozer, Sedat Yildirim, Mehmet Haberal
Experimental and Clinical Transplantation.2021; 19(9): 970. CrossRef
The use of mesenchymal stem cells in animal models for gastrointestinal anastomotic leak: A systematic review
Joshua Richard Burke, Jack Helliwell, Jason Wong, Aaron Quyn, Sarah Herrick, David Jayne
Colorectal Disease.2021; 23(12): 3123. CrossRef
Human Oral Mucosal Stem Cells Reduce Anastomotic Leak in an Animal Model of Colonic Surgery
Ilan Kent, Cyrus Jahansouz, Amandeep Ghuman, Baruch Shpitz, Debora Kidron, Victoria Yaffe, Imad Abu El-Naaj, Shareef Araidy, Luciana Reina, Sandu Pitaru, Steven David Wexner, Shmuel Avital
European Surgical Research.2021; 62(1): 32. CrossRef
Anastomotic leak in colorectal cancer patients: New insights and perspectives
Caterina Foppa, Siew Chien Ng, Marco Montorsi, Antonino Spinelli
European Journal of Surgical Oncology.2020; 46(6): 943. CrossRef
Locally Transplanted Adipose Stem Cells Reduce Anastomotic Leaks in Ischemic Colorectal Anastomoses: A Rat Model
Andrew Morgan, Andrew Zheng, Kimberly M. Linden, Ping Zhang, Spencer A. Brown, Jeffrey P. Carpenter, Francis R. Spitz, Michael E. Kwiatt
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Invasiveness of and Drug Sensitivity to Various Anti-cancer Regimens in Five Colorectal Cancer Cell Lines.: Lee, Yoo Mi , Yoon, Yong Sik , Roh, Seon Ae , Cho, Dong Hyung , Kim, Jin Cheon; J Korean Soc Coloproctol. 2010;26(2):98-104.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3393/jksc.2010.26.2.98

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PURPOSE
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the leading causes of cancer death in South Korea. Angiogenesis has been associated with invasion and metastasis of tumors and with the secretion of various growth factors. Bevacizumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody that recognizes and blocks vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and that targets integrin alphaVbeta3 and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) as angiogensis inhibitors. The aims of this study were identification of the mechanism of target molecules related to angiogenesis and demonstration of identifiable invasion by using chemotherapeutic regimens in vitro.
METHODS
The five colorectal cancer cell lines were treated with bevacizumab using standard or combined regimens. The expression of integrin alphaVbeta3 was detected and the investigation of apoptosis was done by using flow cytometry. The activations of MMP-2 and MMP-9 were measured by using gelatin zymography.
RESULTS
The apoptotic cell death was significantly increased for the combined regimens, especially for FOLFOX (5-FU, leucovorin, and oxaliplatin) with bevacizumab. Bevacizumab inhibited the expression of integrin alphaVbeta3 in the HT29 (59%), LoVo (67%), and SW480 (17%) cell lines, but did not in the AMC5 and the RKO cell lines. The activations of MMP-2 and MMP-9 were significantly reduced by treatment with bevacizumab in the HT29 and the LoVo cell lines. In the HT29 and the LoVo cell lines, thus, bevacizumab inhibited invasion and metastasis activity through down-regulation of integrin alphaVbeta3 and MMPs.
CONCLUSION
Our results provide biological evidence of potent angiogenic activity and indicate that angiogenesis is a complex process that involves multiple factors, including VEGF, integrin alphaVbeta3, and MMPs.

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RGD peptide in cancer targeting: Benefits, challenges, solutions, and possible integrin–RGD interactions
Hossein Javid, Mahsa Akbari Oryani, Nastaran Rezagholinejad, Ali Esparham, Mahboubeh Tajaldini, Mehdi Karimi‐Shahri
Cancer Medicine.2024;[Epub] CrossRef

A Study of Epigenetic Alteration of the Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 Gene in Human Colorectal Cancer.: Jang, Yong Sun , Kim, Kwang , Yun, Min Young , Choi, Sun Keun , Kim, Kyung Rae , Jang, Jun Hyeog , Koo, Ji Hoe; J Korean Soc Coloproctol. 2010;26(1):53-61.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3393/jksc.2010.26.1.53

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Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are members of the transforming growth factor-beta family and play an important role in cellular growth. Recent reports suggest that exogenous bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) acts as an antiproliferative agent in a variety of cell lines. We will study whether BMP-2 is altered in human colorectal cancer.
METHODS
We analyzed 40 colorectal cancer cases and 6 colorectal cancer cell lines by using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) to determine the expression of BMP-2.
RESULTS
Thirteen of 40 colorectal cancers (33%) and 3 of 6 colorectal cancer cell lines (50%) revealed decreased expression of BMP-2. The rates of decreased expression were 0% (0/7), 42.1% (8/19), 28.6% (2/7), 33.3% (2/6), and 100% (1/1) in stages I, II, III, and IV, respectively. Histologically, the rates were 33.3% (2/6), 32.2% (10/21), 50% (1/2), and 0% (0/1) in well-differentiated, moderately-differentiated, poorly-differentiated and mucinous cancers, respectively. As for location, the rates for colon and rectal cancers were 27.8% (5/18) and 36.4% (8/22), respectively. We identified methylation in the CpG island of the BMP-2 gene in 60% of colorectal cancer cells and in 50% of colorectal cancer cell lines. The 13 cases without BMP-2 gene expression showed no significant correlation with clinicopathological factors. Epigenetic silencing through DNA methylation is one of the key steps during carcinogenesis.
CONCLUSION
We found, through an analysis using the methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction technique, CpG island methylation of the BMP-2 promoter region in colorectal cancer. Thus, aberrant BMP-2 methylation and the resultant loss of BMP-2 expression may be related to colorectal carcinogenesis.

Review

Muscle Regeneration: Research for the Treatment of Fecal Incontinence.: Kang, Sung Bum , Lee, Taek Gu; J Korean Soc Coloproctol. 2010;26(1):1-7.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3393/jksc.2010.26.1.1

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Abstract PDF

Fecal incontinence remains a socially isolating condition, which can have a profound impact on all aspects of quality of life. It affects 2% to 17% of people living in the community and is an iatrogenic disease that develops after a restorative proctectomy for rectal cancer. Conservative management, such as biofeedback and medication, or surgical therapy may be ineffective, the symptomatic benefit being disappointing. In a few recent reports, autologous myoblasts injected into the urinary or anal sphincter were used successfully for the treatment of incontinence, and these cells improved the muscle function. These autologous cell therapies can avoid adverse events, such as tumor formation, compared to the use of embryonic stem cells. However, the limited regenerative capacity of cell therapy has prompted the development of replacing dysfunctional muscle tissue. Regenerative medicine for functioning muscles may be a therapeutic tool for fecal incontinence in the future. Now, many challenges remain to be overcome prior to reaching the ultimate goal of a fully functional 3-D vascularized engineered muscle: These include development of highly organized 3-D scaffolds, development of scaffolds that specifically direct cellular differentiation, development of co-culture systems of multiple cell types on smart surfaces, development of vascularized constructs, reduction of serum dependence, and innervation into constructed muscle. The successful generation of functional muscle tissues requires an in-depth knowledge of both muscle tissue physiology and advanced engineering practices. The recent advances in tissue engineering technique and cell biology suggest that artificially-derived muscle constructs may be used in clinical settings in the near future.

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Feasibility of Neurovascular Antropylorus Perineal Transposition With Pudendal Nerve Anastomosis Following Anorectal Excision: A Cadaveric Study for Neoanal Reconstruction
Abhijit Chandra, Ashok Kumar, M Noushif, Nitish Gupta, Vijay Kumar, Navneet Kumar Chauhan, Vishal Gupta
Annals of Coloproctology.2013; 29(1): 7. CrossRef
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Journal of the Korean Surgical Society.2013; 84(4): 216. CrossRef

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