Guideline
ERAS
- The 2024 Korean Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) guidelines for colorectal cancer: a secondary publication
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Kil-yong Lee, Soo Young Lee, Miyoung Choi, Moonjin Kim, Ji Hong Kim, Ju Myung Song, Seung Yoon Yang, In Jun Yang, Moon Suk Choi, Seung Rim Han, Eon Chul Han, Sang Hyun Hong, Do Joong Park, Sang-Jae Park, the Korean Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) Committee within the Korean Society of Surgical Metabolism and Nutrition
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Ann Coloproctol. 2025;41(1):3-26. Published online February 20, 2025
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.3393/ac.2024.00836.0119
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Abstract
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Supplementary Material
- The Korean Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) Committee within the Korean Society of Surgical Metabolism and Nutrition was established to develop ERAS guidelines tailored to the Korean context. This guideline focuses on creating the most current evidence-based practice guidelines for ERAS purposes, based on systematic reviews. All key questions targeted randomized controlled trials exclusively, and if fewer than 2 were available, studies employing propensity score matching were also included. Recommendations for each key question were marked with strength of recommendation and level of evidence following internal and external review processes by the committee.
Original Articles
ERAS
- Impact of an Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) program on the management of complications after laparoscopic or robotic colectomy for cancer
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Victoria Weets, Hélène Meillat, Jacques Emmanuel Saadoun, Marie Dazza, Cécile de Chaisemartin, Bernard Lelong
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Ann Coloproctol. 2024;40(5):440-450. Published online September 20, 2024
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.3393/ac.2023.00850.0121
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4,530
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Graphical Abstract
Abstract
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Supplementary Material

- Purpose
Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) reduces postoperative complications (POCs) after colorectal surgery; however, its impact on the management of POCs remains unclear. This study compared the diagnosis and management of POCs before and after implementing our ERAS protocol after laparoscopic or robotic colectomy for cancer and examined the short- and mid-term oncologic impacts.
Methods
This single-center, retrospective study evaluated all consecutive patients who underwent laparoscopic or robotic colectomy for cancer between 2012 and 2021, focusing on the incidence of POCs within 90 days. We compared outcomes before (standard group) and after (ERAS group) the implementation of our ERAS protocol in January 2016.
Results
Significantly fewer patients in the ERAS group developed POCs (standard vs. ERAS, 136 of 380 patients [35.8%] vs.136 of 660 patients [20.6%]; P<0.01). The ERAS group had a significantly shorter mean total length of stay after POCs (13.1 days vs. 11.4 days, P=0.04), and the rates of life-threatening complications (6.7% vs. 0.7%) and 1-year mortality (7.4% vs. 1.5%) were significantly lower in the ERAS group than in the standard group. Among patients with anastomotic complications, laparoscopic reoperation was significantly more common in the ERAS group than in the standard group (8.3% vs. 75.0%, P<0.01). Among patients with postoperative ileus, the diagnosis and recovery times were significantly shorter in the ERAS group than in the standard group, resulting in a shorter total length of stay (13.5 days vs. 10 days, P<0.01).
Conclusion
The implementation of an ERAS protocol did not eliminate all POCs, but it did accelerate their diagnosis and management and improved patient outcomes.
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Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by

- Optimizing postoperative pain management in minimally invasive colorectal surgery
Soo Young Lee
Annals of Coloproctology.2024; 40(6): 525. CrossRef
Malignant disease,Prognosis and adjuvant therapy,Functional outcomes,Colorectal cancer,Postoperative outcome & ERAS
- Clinical validation of implementing Enhanced Recovery After Surgery protocol in elderly colorectal cancer patients
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Wooree Koh, Chul Seung Lee, Jung Hoon Bae, Abdullah Al-Sawat, In Kyu Lee, Hyeong Yong Jin
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Ann Coloproctol. 2022;38(1):47-52. Published online July 21, 2021
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.3393/ac.2021.00283.0040
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4,810
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192
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13
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15
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Abstract
PDF
Supplementary Material
- Purpose
The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and feasibility of applying enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocol in elderly colorectal cancer patients.
Methods
The medical records of patients who underwent elective colorectal cancer surgery at our institution, from January 2017 to December 2017, were reviewed. Patients were divided into 2 groups: the young group (YG, patients aged 70 and under 70 years) and the old group (OG, patients over 70 years old). Perioperative outcomes and length of hospital stay were compared between both groups.
Results
In total, 335 patients were enrolled; 237 were YG and 98 were OG. Despite the poorer baseline characteristics of OG, the perioperative outcomes were similar. Length of hospital stay was not different between the groups (YG, 5 days vs. OG, 5 days; P=0.320). When comparing the postoperative complications using the comprehensive complication index (CCI), there was no significant difference (YG, 8.0±13.2 vs. OG, 11.7±23.0; P=0.130). In regression analysis, old age (>70 years) was not a risk factor for high CCI in all patients. In multivariate analysis, C-reactive protein (CRP) level on postoperative day (POD) 3 to 4 was the only strong predictive factor for high CCI in elderly patients.
Conclusion
Implementing the ERAS protocol in patients aged >70 years is safe and feasible. High CRP (≥6.47 mg/dL) on POD 3 to 4 can be used as a safety index to postpone discharge in elderly patients.
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Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by

- Perioperative outcomes of laparoscopic low anterior resection using ArtiSential® versus robotic approach in patients with rectal cancer: a propensity score matching analysis
I. K. Kim, C. S. Lee, J. H. Bae, S. R. Han, W. Alshalawi, B. C. Kim, I. K. Lee, D. S. Lee, Y. S. Lee
Techniques in Coloproctology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef - Challenging issues of implementing enhanced recovery after surgery programs in South Korea
Soo-Hyuk Yoon, Ho-Jin Lee
Anesthesia and Pain Medicine.2024; 19(1): 24. CrossRef - Effects of the enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocol on the postoperative stress state and short‐term complications in elderly patients with colorectal cancer
He Han, Rong Wan, Jixiang Chen, Xin Fan, LiWen Zhang
Cancer Reports.2024;[Epub] CrossRef - Sex Disparities in Rectal Cancer Surgery: An In-Depth Analysis of Surgical Approaches and Outcomes
Chungyeop Lee, In Ja Park
The World Journal of Men's Health.2024; 42(2): 304. CrossRef - Application of ERAS in older patients with gastric cancer
Kuanxuan You, He Han
Medicine.2024; 103(22): e38409. CrossRef - Clinical outcomes and future directions of enhanced recovery after surgery in colorectal surgery: a narrative review
Ji Hyeong Song, Minsung Kim
The Ewha Medical Journal.2024;[Epub] CrossRef - Correlation between inflammatory markers and enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) failure in laparoscopic colectomy
Ji Hyeong Song, Yoonsoo Shin, Kyung Ha Lee, Ji Yeon Kim, Jin Soo Kim
Surgery Today.2024;[Epub] CrossRef - Beyond the Operating Room: A Narrative Review of Enhanced Recovery Strategies in Colorectal Surgery
Hamed Ibrahim Hamed Albalawi, Rawshan Khalid A Alyoubi, Nawaf Mohsen Mubarak Alsuhaymi, Farha Abdullah K Aldossary, Alkathiry Abdulrahman Mohammed G, Fayez Mubarak Albishi, Jumana Aljeddawi, Fedaa Ahmed Omar Najm, Neda Ahmed Najem, Mohamed Mirza Ali Alma
Cureus.2024;[Epub] CrossRef - Impact of Early Oral Feeding on Postoperative Outcomes after Elective Colorectal Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Soo Young Lee, Eon Chul Han
Digestive Surgery.2024; : 1. CrossRef - Enhanced recovery after colorectal surgery is a safe and effective pathway for older patients: a pooling up analysis
Xu-Rui Liu, Xiao-Yu Liu, Bin Zhang, Fei Liu, Zi-Wei Li, Chao Yuan, Zheng-Qiang Wei, Dong Peng
International Journal of Colorectal Disease.2023;[Epub] CrossRef - Effects of preoperative bicarbonate and lactate levels on short-term outcomes and prognosis in elderly patients with colorectal cancer
Xiao-Yu Liu, Zi-Wei Li, Bin Zhang, Fei Liu, Wei Zhang, Dong Peng
BMC Surgery.2023;[Epub] CrossRef - The Latest Results and Future Directions of Research for Enhanced Recovery after Surgery in the Field of Colorectal Surgery
Min Ki Kim
The Ewha Medical Journal.2023;[Epub] CrossRef - Influence of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Treatment Patterns and Outcomes of Colorectal Cancer
In Ja Park
The Ewha Medical Journal.2023;[Epub] CrossRef - Future direction of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) program in colorectal surgery
In Ja Park
Annals of Coloproctology.2022; 38(1): 1. CrossRef - Implementation and improvement of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery protocols for colorectal cancer surgery
Bo Yoon Choi, Jung Hoon Bae, Chul Seung Lee, Seung Rim Han, Yoon Suk Lee, In Kyu Lee
Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research.2022; 102(4): 223. CrossRef
Malignant disease,Prognosis and adjuvant therapy,Functional outcomes,Postoperative outcome & ERAS
- The impact of variations in care and complications within a colorectal Enhanced Recovery After Surgery program on length of stay
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James Wei Tatt Toh, Jack Cecire, Kerry Hitos, Karen Shedden, Fiona Gavegan, Nimalan Pathmanathan, Toufic El Khoury, Angelina Di Re, Annelise Cocco, Alex Limmer, Tom Liang, Kar Yin Fok, James Rogers, Edgardo Solis, Grahame Ctercteko
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Ann Coloproctol. 2022;38(1):36-46. Published online May 6, 2021
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.3393/ac.2020.11.23
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6,084
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213
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15
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16
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Abstract
PDF
Supplementary Material
- Purpose
Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) has become standard of care in colorectal surgery. However, there is not a universally accepted colorectal ERAS protocol and significant variations in care exist between institutions. The aim of this study was to examine the impact of variations in ERAS interventions and complications on length of stay (LOS).
Methods
This study was a single-center review of the first 200 consecutive patients recruited into our prospectively collected ERAS database. The primary outcome of this study was to examine the rate of compliance to ERAS interventions and the impact of these interventions on LOS. The secondary outcome was to assess the impact of complications (anastomotic leak, ileus, and surgical site infections) on LOS. ERAS interventions, rate of adherence, LOS, readmissions, morbidity, and mortality were recorded, and statistical analysis was performed.
Results
ERAS variations and complications significantly influenced patient LOS on both univariate and multivariate analysis. ERAS interventions identified as the most important strategies in reducing LOS included laparoscopic surgery, mobilization twice daily postoperative day (POD) 0 to 1, discontinuation of intravenous fluids on POD 0 to 1, upgrading to solid diet by POD 0 to 2, removal of indwelling catheter by POD 0 to 2, avoiding nasogastric tube reinsertion and removing drains early. Both major and minor complications increased LOS. Anastomotic leak and ileus were associated with the greatest increase in LOS.
Conclusion
Seven high-yield ERAS interventions reduced LOS. Major and minor complications increased LOS. Reducing variations in care and complications can improve outcomes following colorectal surgery.
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Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by

- Effects of the Strength, Assistance in walking, Rise from a chair, Climb stairs, and Falls score on postoperative clinical outcomes following colorectal cancer surgery: a retrospective study
Young Jae Kim, Sung Uk Bae, Kyeong Eui Kim, Woon Kyung Jeong, Seong Kyu Baek
European Journal of Clinical Nutrition.2025; 79(4): 358. CrossRef - Sex Disparities in Rectal Cancer Surgery: An In-Depth Analysis of Surgical Approaches and Outcomes
Chungyeop Lee, In Ja Park
The World Journal of Men's Health.2024; 42(2): 304. CrossRef - So many measures in ERAS protocol: Which matters most?
Nan Xie, Hua Xie, Wei Li, Zhongxian Zhu, Xu Wang, Weibing Tang
Nutrition.2024; 122: 112384. CrossRef - Results of selective decontamination with oral neomycin and metronidazole for major colorectal surgery in Australia: A cohort study
James Wei Tatt Toh, Devansh Shah, Henry Wang, Charlotte Kwik, Joseph Do Woong Choi, Chelsie Leonie Beinke, Paul Morris, Eleni Baird-Gunning, Geoffrey Peter Collins, Fiona Gavegan, Karen Shedden, Toufic El-Khoury, Nimalan Pathma-Nathan, Kerry Hitos
Laparoscopic, Endoscopic and Robotic Surgery.2024; 7(2): 72. CrossRef - Influence of additional prophylactic oral antibiotics during mechanical bowel preparation on surgical site infection in patients receiving colorectal surgery
Hayoung Lee, Jong Lyul Lee, Ji Sung Lee, Chan Wook Kim, Yong Sik Yoon, In Ja Park, Seok‐Byung Lim
World Journal of Surgery.2024; 48(6): 1534. CrossRef - Outcomes before and after Implementation of the ERAS (Enhanced Recovery after Surgery) Protocol in Open and Laparoscopic Colorectal Surgery: A Comparative Real-World Study from Northern Italy
Lucia Mangone, Federica Mereu, Maurizio Zizzo, Andrea Morini, Magda Zanelli, Francesco Marinelli, Isabella Bisceglia, Maria Barbara Braghiroli, Fortunato Morabito, Antonino Neri, Massimiliano Fabozzi
Current Oncology.2024; 31(6): 2907. CrossRef - Current perioperative care in patients undergoing a beyond total mesorectal excision procedure for rectal cancer: What are the differences with the colorectal enhanced recovery after surgery protocol?
Stefi Nordkamp, Stijn H. J. Ketelaers, Floor Piqeur, Harm J. Scholten, Silvie van de Calseijde, Jip L. Tolenaar, Grard A. P. Nieuwenhuijzen, Harm J. T. Rutten, Jacobus W. A. Burger, Johanne G. Bloemen
Colorectal Disease.2024; 26(11): 1903. CrossRef - Early detection of anastomotic leakage in colon cancer surgery: the role of early warning score and C-reactive protein
Gyung Mo Son
Annals of Coloproctology.2024; 40(5): 415. CrossRef - Clinical outcomes and future directions of enhanced recovery after surgery in colorectal surgery: a narrative review
Ji Hyeong Song, Minsung Kim
The Ewha Medical Journal.2024;[Epub] CrossRef - Impact of Early Oral Feeding on Postoperative Outcomes after Elective Colorectal Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Soo Young Lee, Eon Chul Han
Digestive Surgery.2024; : 1. CrossRef - Beyond the Operating Room: A Narrative Review of Enhanced Recovery Strategies in Colorectal Surgery
Hamed Ibrahim Hamed Albalawi, Rawshan Khalid A Alyoubi, Nawaf Mohsen Mubarak Alsuhaymi, Farha Abdullah K Aldossary, Alkathiry Abdulrahman Mohammed G, Fayez Mubarak Albishi, Jumana Aljeddawi, Fedaa Ahmed Omar Najm, Neda Ahmed Najem, Mohamed Mirza Ali Alma
Cureus.2024;[Epub] CrossRef - Implementation of an Enhanced Recovery after Surgery Protocol in Advanced and Recurrent Rectal Cancer Patients after beyond Total Mesorectal Excision Surgery: A Feasibility Study
Stefi Nordkamp, Davy M. J. Creemers, Sofie Glazemakers, Stijn H. J. Ketelaers, Harm J. Scholten, Silvie van de Calseijde, Grard A. P. Nieuwenhuijzen, Jip L. Tolenaar, Hendi W. Crezee, Harm J. T. Rutten, Jacobus W. A. Burger, Johanne G. Bloemen
Cancers.2023; 15(18): 4523. CrossRef - Impact of Postoperative Naples Prognostic Score to Predict Survival in Patients with Stage II–III Colorectal Cancer
Su Hyeong Park, Hye Seung Woo, In Kyung Hong, Eun Jung Park
Cancers.2023; 15(20): 5098. CrossRef - Influence of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Treatment Patterns and Outcomes of Colorectal Cancer
In Ja Park
The Ewha Medical Journal.2023;[Epub] CrossRef - The Latest Results and Future Directions of Research for Enhanced Recovery after Surgery in the Field of Colorectal Surgery
Min Ki Kim
The Ewha Medical Journal.2023;[Epub] CrossRef - Future direction of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) program in colorectal surgery
In Ja Park
Annals of Coloproctology.2022; 38(1): 1. CrossRef
Malignant disease, Functional outcomes,Colorectal cancer,Postoperative outcome & ERAS
- Systematic Early Urinary Catheter Removal Integrated in the Full Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) Protocol After Laparoscopic Mid to Lower Rectal Cancer Excision: A Feasibility Study
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Hélène Meillat, Cloé Magallon, Clément Brun, Cécile de Chaisemartin, Laurence Moureau-Zabotto, Julien Bonnet, Marion Faucher, Bernard Lelong
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Ann Coloproctol. 2021;37(4):204-211. Published online April 22, 2021
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.3393/ac.2020.05.22
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4,825
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125
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13
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9
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Abstract
PDF
- Purpose
Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) programs advocate early urinary catheter removal after rectal cancer surgery; however, the optimal duration remains unclear. This study assessed the feasibility of the early urinary catheter removal protocol after rectal cancer surgery within an ERAS pathway and identified predictive factors for failure of this strategy.
Methods
Between March 2017 and October 2018, all unselected and consecutive patients who underwent rectal cancer resection and benefited from our ERAS program were included. Urinary complications (infection and retention) were prospectively recorded. Success was defined as catheter removal on postoperative day (POD) 3 without urinary complications.
Results
Of 135 patients (male, 63.7%; neoadjuvant chemoradiation, 57.0%; urology history, 17.8%), 120 had early urinary catheter removal with no complications (success rate, 88.9%), 8 did not have urinary catheter removal on POD 3 due to clinical judgment or prescription error, 5 experienced a urinary tract infection, and 2 had acute urinary retention. Obesity (odds ratio [OR], 0.16; P = 0.003), American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status classification > II (OR, 0.28; P = 0.048), antiaggregant platelet medication (OR, 0.12; P < 0.001), absence of anastomosis (OR, 0.1; P = 0.003), and prolonged operative time (OR, 0.21; P = 0.020) were predictive factors for failure. Conversely, optimal compliance with the ERAS program (OR, 7.68; P < 0.001), postoperative nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug use (OR, 21.71; P < 0.001), and balanced intravenous fluid therapy (OR, 7.87; P = 0.001) were associated with increased strategy success.
Conclusion
Withdrawal of the urinary catheter on POD 3 was successfully achieved after laparoscopic rectal resection and can be safely implemented in the ERAS program.
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Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by

- Improving Perioperative Care in Gastric Surgery: Insights from the EUropean PErioperative MEdical Networking (EUPEMEN) Project
Orestis Ioannidis, Elissavet Anestiadou, Jose M. Ramirez, Nicolò Fabbri, Javier Martínez Ubieto, Carlo Vittorio Feo, Antonio Pesce, Kristyna Rosetzka, Antonio Arroyo, Petr Kocián, Luis Sánchez-Guillén, Ana Pascual Bellosta, Adam Whitley, Alejandro Bona En
Journal of Clinical Medicine.2025; 14(6): 2108. CrossRef - Perioperative outcomes of laparoscopic low anterior resection using ArtiSential® versus robotic approach in patients with rectal cancer: a propensity score matching analysis
I. K. Kim, C. S. Lee, J. H. Bae, S. R. Han, W. Alshalawi, B. C. Kim, I. K. Lee, D. S. Lee, Y. S. Lee
Techniques in Coloproctology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef - Sex Disparities in Rectal Cancer Surgery: An In-Depth Analysis of Surgical Approaches and Outcomes
Chungyeop Lee, In Ja Park
The World Journal of Men's Health.2024; 42(2): 304. CrossRef - Suprapubic versus transurethral catheterization for bladder drainage in male rectal cancer surgery (GRECCAR10), a randomized clinical trial
B. Trilling, F. Tidadini, Z. Lakkis, M. Jafari, A. Germain, E. Rullier, J. Lefevre, J. J. Tuech, A. Kartheuser, D. Leonard, M. Prudhomme, G. Piessen, J. M. Regimbeau, E. Cotte, D. Duprez, B. Badic, Y. Panis, M. Rivoire, B. Meunier, G. Portier, J. L. Bosso
Techniques in Coloproctology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef - Adherence to Evidence‐Based Guidelines and Implications When Designing Electronic Documentation for Urinary Catheters
Bothe Janine, Lagat Sheena, Rebecca Crellin, Kelly‐Ann Hahn, Patton Vicki
Journal of Clinical Nursing.2024;[Epub] CrossRef - Immediate urinary catheter removal after colorectal surgery with the enhanced recovery after surgery protocol
In Kyeong Kim, Chul Seung Lee, Jung Hoon Bae, Seung Rim Han, Do Sang Lee, In Kyu Lee, Yoon Suk Lee
International Journal of Colorectal Disease.2023;[Epub] CrossRef - Predictors of urinary tract infection after lower gastrointestinal surgery
Gianluca Buzzi, Maria Antonello, Federico Scognamiglio, Ottavia De Simoni, Gaya Spolverato, Pierluigi Pilati, Salvatore Pucciarelli, Imerio Angriman, Marco Scarpa, Ignazio Castagliuolo
Langenbeck's Archives of Surgery.2023;[Epub] CrossRef - The Latest Results and Future Directions of Research for Enhanced Recovery after Surgery in the Field of Colorectal Surgery
Min Ki Kim
The Ewha Medical Journal.2023;[Epub] CrossRef - The feasibility and advantages of immediate removal of urinary catheter after lobectomy: A prospective randomized trial
Lei Zhang, Xueying Yang, Ye Tian, Qian Yu, Yang Xu, Di Zhou, Zhuo Wu, Xitong Zhao
Nursing Open.2021; 8(6): 2942. CrossRef
Benign GI diease,Benign diesease & IBD,Postoperative outcome & ERAS,Minimally invasive surgery
- Comparing the Postoperative Outcomes of Single-Incision Laparoscopic Appendectomy and Three Port Appendectomy With Enhanced Recovery After Surgery Protocol for Acute Appendicitis: A Propensity Score Matching Analysis
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Won Jong Kim, Hyeong Yong Jin, Hyojin Lee, Jung Hoon Bae, Wooree Koh, Ji Yeon Mun, Hee Ju Kim, In Kyu Lee, Yoon Suk Lee, Chul Seung Lee
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Ann Coloproctol. 2021;37(4):232-238. Published online September 30, 2020
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.3393/ac.2020.09.15
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5,306
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113
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15
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20
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Abstract
PDF
- Purpose
The objective of this study was to compare the perioperative outcomes between single-incision laparoscopic appendectomy (SILA) and 3-port conventional laparoscopic appendectomy (CLA) in enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocol.
Methods
Of 101 laparoscopic appendectomy with ERAS protocol cases for appendicitis from March 2019 to April 2020, 54 patients underwent SILA with multimodal analgesic approach (group 1) while 47 patients received CLA with multimodal analgesic approach (group 2). SILA and CLA were compared with the single institution’s ERAS protocol. To adjust for baseline differences and selection bias, operative outcomes and complications were compared after propensity score matching (PSM).
Results
After 1:1 PSM, well-matched 35 patients in each group were evaluated. Postoperative hospital stays for patients in group 1 (1.2 ± 0.8 vs. 1.6 ± 0.8 days, P = 0.037) were significantly lesser than those for patients in group 2. However, opioid consumption (2.0 mg vs. 1.4 mg, P=0.1) and the postoperative scores of visual analogue scale for pain at 6 hours (2.4±1.9 vs. 2.8 ± 1.4, P = 0.260) and 12 hours (2.4 ± 2.0 vs. 2.9 ± 1.5, P = 0.257) did not show significant difference between the 2 groups.
Conclusion
SILA resulted in shortening the length of hospitalization without increase in complications or readmission rates compared to CLA with ERAS protocol.
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Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by

- Swedish national guidelines for diagnosis and management of acute appendicitis in adults and children
Martin Salö, Catarina Tiselius, Anders Rosemar, Elin Öst, Sara Sohlberg, Roland E Andersson
BJS Open.2025;[Epub] CrossRef - Perioperative outcomes of laparoscopic low anterior resection using ArtiSential® versus robotic approach in patients with rectal cancer: a propensity score matching analysis
I. K. Kim, C. S. Lee, J. H. Bae, S. R. Han, W. Alshalawi, B. C. Kim, I. K. Lee, D. S. Lee, Y. S. Lee
Techniques in Coloproctology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef - Challenging issues of implementing enhanced recovery after surgery programs in South Korea
Soo-Hyuk Yoon, Ho-Jin Lee
Anesthesia and Pain Medicine.2024; 19(1): 24. CrossRef - A Single Site Approach to Appendicitis: A Review of a Single Center
Yoshito Tsuji, Yujiro Nishizawa, Yuki Ozato, Akira Inoue, Yoshinori Kagawa
Nippon Daicho Komonbyo Gakkai Zasshi.2024; 77(3): 161. CrossRef - The “Hansol-roll” folding method for placement of self-gripping (ProGrip™) mesh in single-port inguinal hernia repair using ArtiSential®
Gwan Chul Lee, Dong Woo Kang, Choon Sik Chung, Chul Seung Lee
Asian Journal of Surgery.2024; 47(7): 3272. CrossRef - Comparison between liquid skin adhesive and wound closure strip for skin closure after subcuticular suturing in single-port laparoscopic appendectomy: a single-center retrospective study in Korea
Kyeong Eui Kim, Yu Ra Jeon, Sung Uk Bae, Woon Kyung Jeong, Seong Kyu Baek
Journal of Minimally Invasive Surgery.2024; 27(1): 14. CrossRef - Progress in Clinical Treatment of Uncomplicated Acute Appendicitis in Children
珊 白
Advances in Clinical Medicine.2024; 14(04): 471. CrossRef - Single-incision laparoscopic total extraperitoneal inguinal-hernia repair using the new articulating instruments: A video vignette
Chul Seung Lee, Gwan Chul Lee, Choon Sik Chung, Dong Keun Lee
Asian Journal of Surgery.2024; 47(8): 3586. CrossRef - Single-incision versus conventional multi-incision laparoscopic appendicectomy for suspected uncomplicated appendicitis
Ahmer Irfan, Ahsan Rao, Irfan Ahmed
Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews.2024;[Epub] CrossRef - Clinical Outcomes of Single-incision Laparoscopic Appendectomy Versus Conventional Laparoscopic Appendectomy in Adult Acute Appendicitis
SHINTARO KOHAMA, KUNIHIKO NAGAKARI, MASAKAZU OHUCHI, KAZUHIRO TAKEHARA, KUMPEI HONJO, SHUN ISHIYAMA, KIICHI SUGIMOTO, SHINICHI OKA, JIRO YOSHIMOTO, MASAKI FUKUNAGA, YOICHI ISHIZAKI, KAZUHIRO SAKAMOTO
Juntendo Medical Journal.2024; 70(6): 436. CrossRef - Risk factors for prolonged hospitalization and delayed treatment completion after laparoscopic appendectomy in patients with uncomplicated acute appendicitis
Jiyoung Shin, Myong Hoon Ihn, Kyung Sik Kim, Sang Hyun Kim, Jihyoun Lee, Sangchul Yun, Sung Woo Cho
Annals of Coloproctology.2023; 39(1): 50. CrossRef - A prospective randomized controlled study comparing patient-reported scar evaluation of single-port versus multiport laparoscopic appendectomy for acute appendicitis
Kyeong Eui Kim, In Soo Cho, Sung Uk Bae, Woon Kyung Jeong, Hyung Jin Kim, Seong Kyu Baek
Journal of Minimally Invasive Surgery.2023; 26(2): 55. CrossRef - The Latest Results and Future Directions of Research for Enhanced Recovery after Surgery in the Field of Colorectal Surgery
Min Ki Kim
The Ewha Medical Journal.2023;[Epub] CrossRef - Analyzing the conversion factors associated with switching from a single-incision, one-puncture procedure to a two-site, three-port procedure in pediatric laparoscopic appendectomy
Keisuke Yano, Mitsuru Muto, Toshio Harumatsu, Taichiro Nagai, Masakazu Murakami, Chihiro Kedoin, Ayaka Nagano, Mayu Matsui, Koshiro Sugita, Shun Onishi, Koji Yamada, Waka Yamada, Makoto Matsukubo, Tatsuru Kaji, Satoshi Ieiri
Journal of Pediatric Endoscopic Surgery.2022; 4(2): 49. CrossRef - Laparoscopic Appendectomy Using the Surgical-Glove Port Through an Umbilical Incision: A Single-Center Retrospective Study
Tran Que Son, Tran Hieu Hoc, Vu Duc Long, Tran Thanh Tung, Nguyen Minh Tuan, Bui Minh Hue, Nguyen Van Minh, Nguyen Toan Thang
Cureus.2022;[Epub] CrossRef - Single-port robotic totally extraperitoneal(TEP) inguinal hernia repair using the da Vinci SP platform: A video vignette
Dongjun Kim, Chul Seung Lee
Asian Journal of Surgery.2022; 45(10): 2062. CrossRef - Single-incision compared with conventional laparoscopy for appendectomy in acute appendicitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Changjia Li, Yukun Liu, Yumin Jiang, Yongjing Xu, Zhiwei Wang
International Journal of Colorectal Disease.2022; 37(9): 1925. CrossRef - Enhanced recovery after surgery pathways for patients undergoing laparoscopic appendectomy
Abhijit Nair, Hamed Humayid Mohammed Al-Aamri, Osama Azmy Ishaq, Parwez Waseemul Haque
Journal of Acute Disease.2022; 11(5): 173. CrossRef - Robot-Assisted Colorectal Surgery
Young Il Kim
The Ewha Medical Journal.2022;[Epub] CrossRef - Enhanced recovery after surgery: importance of compliance audits
Jung Hoon Bae
Journal of the Korean Medical Association.2021; 64(12): 820. CrossRef
Malignant disease, Functional outcomes,Postoperative outcome & ERAS
- Improved outcomes with implementation of an Enhanced Recovery After Surgery pathway for patients undergoing elective colorectal surgery in the Philippines
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Mayou Martin T. Tampo, Mark Augustine S. Onglao, Marc Paul J. Lopez, Marie Dione P. Sacdalan, Ma. Concepcion L. Cruz, Rosielyn T. Apellido, Hermogenes J. Monroy III
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Ann Coloproctol. 2022;38(2):109-116. Published online September 18, 2020
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.3393/ac.2020.09.02
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Abstract
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Supplementary Material
- Purpose
This study aims to evaluate surgical outcomes (i.e. length of stay [LOS], 30-day morbidity, mortality, reoperation, and readmission rates) with the use of the Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) pathway, and determine its association with the rate of compliance to the different ERAS components.
Methods
This was a prospective cohort of patients, who underwent the following elective procedures: stoma reversal (SR), colon resection (CR), and rectal resection (RR). The primary endpoint was to determine the association of compliance to an ERAS pathway and surgical outcomes. These were then retrospectively compared to outcomes prior to the implementation of ERAS.
Results
A total of 267 patients were included in the study. The overall compliance to the ERAS component was 92.0% (SR, 91.8%; CR, 93.1%; RR, 90.7%). There was an associated decrease in morbidity rates across all types of surgery, as compliance to ERAS increased. The average total LOS decreased in all groups but was only found to have statistical significance in SR (12.1±6.7 days vs. 10.0±5.4 days, P=0.002) and RR (19.9±11.4 days vs. 16.9±10.5 days, P=0.04) groups. Decreased postoperative LOS was noted in all groups. Morbidity rates were significantly higher after ERAS implementation, but reoperation and mortality rates were found to be similar.
Conclusion
Increased compliance to ERAS protocol is associated with a decrease in morbidity across all surgery types. The implementation of an ERAS protocol significantly decreased mean hospital LOS, without any increase in major surgical complications. Having your own hospital ERAS pathway improves documentation and accuracy of reporting surgical complications.
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Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by

- Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) in stoma reversal surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Túlio Pimentel, Dante L. S. Souza, Ivonne Zuniga, Maria Clara Faveri, Julia Canfild, Paula Motta Pauperio, Hamza Guend
Updates in Surgery.2025; 77(2): 297. CrossRef - Surgical Enhanced Recovery: Where Are We Now?
Anika Tahmeed, Juan P. Cata, Tong J. Gan
International Anesthesiology Clinics.2025; 63(2): 62. CrossRef - Lessons following implementation of a colorectal enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocol in a rural hospital setting
Stephen Tolmay, Jamie‐Lee Rahiri, Kim Snoep, Gillian Fewster, Rachel Kee, Yukai Lim, Bridget Watson, Konrad Klaus Richter
ANZ Journal of Surgery.2024; 94(5): 910. CrossRef - Sex Disparities in Rectal Cancer Surgery: An In-Depth Analysis of Surgical Approaches and Outcomes
Chungyeop Lee, In Ja Park
The World Journal of Men's Health.2024; 42(2): 304. CrossRef - Influence of additional prophylactic oral antibiotics during mechanical bowel preparation on surgical site infection in patients receiving colorectal surgery
Hayoung Lee, Jong Lyul Lee, Ji Sung Lee, Chan Wook Kim, Yong Sik Yoon, In Ja Park, Seok‐Byung Lim
World Journal of Surgery.2024; 48(6): 1534. CrossRef - Clinical outcomes and future directions of enhanced recovery after surgery in colorectal surgery: a narrative review
Ji Hyeong Song, Minsung Kim
The Ewha Medical Journal.2024;[Epub] CrossRef - The Latest Results and Future Directions of Research for Enhanced Recovery after Surgery in the Field of Colorectal Surgery
Min Ki Kim
The Ewha Medical Journal.2023;[Epub] CrossRef - Influence of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Treatment Patterns and Outcomes of Colorectal Cancer
In Ja Park
The Ewha Medical Journal.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Malignant disease, Rectal cancer
- Influence of the Enhanced Recovery After Surgery Protocol on Postoperative Inflammation and Short-term Postoperative Surgical Outcomes After Colorectal Cancer Surgery
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Heba Essam Jaloun, In Kyu Lee, Min Ki Kim, Na Young Sung, Suhail Abdullah Al Turkistani, Sun Min Park, Dae Youn Won, Sang Hyun Hong, Bong-Hyeon Kye, Yoon Suk Lee, Hae Myung Jeon
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Ann Coloproctol. 2020;36(4):264-272. Published online May 15, 2020
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.3393/ac.2020.03.25
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9,002
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182
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20
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21
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Abstract
PDF
- Purpose
Many studies have shown that the enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocols improve postoperative surgical outcomes. The purpose of this study was to observe the effects on postoperative inflammatory markers and to explore the effects of a high degree of compliance and the use of epidural anesthesia on inflammation and surgical outcomes.
Methods
Four hundred patients underwent colorectal cancer surgery at 2 hospitals during 2 different periods, namely, from January 2006 to December 2009 and from January 2017 to July 2017. Data related to the patient’s clinicopathological features, inflammatory markers, percentage of compliance with elements of the ERAS protocol, and use of epidural anesthesia were collected from a prospectively maintained database.
Results
The complication rate and the length of hospital stay (LOS) were less in the ERAS group than in the conventional group (P = 0.005 and P ≤ 0.001, respectively). The postoperative white blood cell count and the duration required for leukocytes to normalize were reduced in patients following the ERAS protocol (P ≤ 0.001). Other inflammatory markers, such as lymphocyte count (P = 0.008), neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (P = 0.032), and C-reactive protein level (P ≤ 0.001), were lower in the ERAS protocol group. High compliance ( ≥ 70%) was strongly associated with the complication rate and the LOS (P = 0.008 and P ≤ 0.001, respectively).
Conclusion
ERAS protocols decrease early postoperative inflammation and improves short-term postoperative recovery outcomes such as complication rate and the LOS. High compliance ( ≥ 70%) with the ERAS protocol elements accelerates the positive effects of ERAS on surgical outcomes; however, the effect on inflammation was very small.
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Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by

- Robotics versus open surgery: the impact on cytokine release and patient outcomes
Sidharth Misra, Zainab Yusufali Motiwala, Aditya Puniyani, Laaiba Shamsi, Fatima Nadeem, Danny Darlington Carbin
Journal of Robotic Surgery.2025;[Epub] CrossRef - Effect of ERAS pathway nursing on postoperative rehabilitation of patients undergoing gastrointestinal surgery: a meta-analysis
Fengying Dong, Yan Li, Wenxia Jin, Zhebing Qiu
BMC Surgery.2025;[Epub] CrossRef - Remimazolam-Based Anesthesia and Systemic Inflammatory Biomarkers in Relation to Postoperative Delirium in Elderly Patients: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Hayoung Lee, Keunyoung Kim, Cheol Lee
Medicina.2025; 61(6): 1023. CrossRef - Challenging issues of implementing enhanced recovery after surgery programs in South Korea
Soo-Hyuk Yoon, Ho-Jin Lee
Anesthesia and Pain Medicine.2024; 19(1): 24. CrossRef - Effect of different anesthetic modalities with multimodal analgesia on postoperative pain level in colorectal tumor patients
Ji-Chun Tang, Jia-Wei Ma, Jin-Jin Jian, Jie Shen, Liang-Liang Cao
World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology.2024; 16(2): 364. CrossRef - Dysregulation of systemic immunity in colorectal cancer and its clinical applications as biomarkers and therapeutics
Changqin Li, Jian Li
Critical Reviews in Oncology/Hematology.2024; 204: 104543. CrossRef - The role of robotic-assisted surgery in the management of rectal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Chenxiong Zhang, Hao Tan, Han Xu, Jiaming Ding
International Journal of Surgery.2024; 110(10): 6282. CrossRef - Enhancing recovery and reducing inflammation: the impact of enhanced recovery after surgery recommendations on inflammatory markers in laparoscopic surgery—a scoping review
Carlos Darcy Alves Bersot, Lucas Ferreira Gomes Pereira, Victor Gabriel Vieira Goncho, José Eduardo Guimarães Pereira, Luiz Fernando dos Reis Falcão
Frontiers in Surgery.2024;[Epub] CrossRef - Enhanced recovery pathway in open and minimally invasive colorectal cancer surgery: a prospective study on feasibility, compliance, and outcomes in a high-volume resource limited tertiary cancer center
Martin Thomas, Vandana Agarwal, Ashwin DeSouza, Riddhi Joshi, Minal Mali, Karuna Panhale, Omkar K. Salvi, Reshma Ambulkar, Shailesh Shrikhande, Avanish Saklani
Langenbeck's Archives of Surgery.2023;[Epub] CrossRef - Initial experience of abdominal total mesorectal excision for rectal cancer using the da Vinci single port system
Wed Alshalawi, Chul Seung Lee, In Kyeong Kim, Yoon Suk Lee
Journal of Minimally Invasive Surgery.2023; 26(4): 208. CrossRef - Association between enrollment in an enhanced recovery program for colorectal cancer surgery and long‐term recurrence and survival
Andres Zorrilla‐Vaca, Javier Ripolles‐Melchor, Ane Abad‐Motos, Inés Rubiera Mingu, Nekane Moreno‐Jurado, Fátima Martínez‐Durán, Isabel Pérez‐Martínez, Alfredo Abad‐Gurumeta, María L. FuenMayor‐Varela, Gabriel E. Mena, Michael C. Grant
Journal of Surgical Oncology.2022; 125(8): 1269. CrossRef - Implementation and improvement of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery protocols for colorectal cancer surgery
Bo Yoon Choi, Jung Hoon Bae, Chul Seung Lee, Seung Rim Han, Yoon Suk Lee, In Kyu Lee
Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research.2022; 102(4): 223. CrossRef - Effect of Enhanced Recovery after Surgery with Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Postoperative Stress Response of Patients with Gastrointestinal Tumors
Haiping Zhao, Wenhui Sun, Tao Huang
Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine.2022; 2022: 1. CrossRef - Multidisciplinary treatment strategy for early colon cancer
Gyung Mo Son, Su Bum Park, Tae Un Kim, Byung-Soo Park, In Young Lee, Joo-Young Na, Dong Hoon Shin, Sang Bo Oh, Sung Hwan Cho, Hyun Sung Kim, Hyung Wook Kim
Journal of the Korean Medical Association.2022; 65(9): 558. CrossRef - Robotic surgery for colorectal cancer
Sung Uk Bae
Journal of the Korean Medical Association.2022; 65(9): 577. CrossRef - Commentary: Preoperative neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio predicts complications after esophageal resection that can be used as inclusion criteria for enhanced recovery after surgery
Cheng Shen, Qiang Pu, Guowei Che
Frontiers in Surgery.2022;[Epub] CrossRef - Multidisciplinary Treatment Strategy for Early Colon Cancer: A Review-An English Version
Gyung Mo Son, Su Bum Park, Tae Un Kim, Byung-Soo Park, In Young Lee, Joo-Young Na, Dong Hoon Shin, Sang Bo Oh, Sung Hwan Cho, Hyun Sung Kim, Hyung Wook Kim
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Journal of the Anus, Rectum and Colon.2022; 6(4): 221. CrossRef - A propensity score-matched analysis of advanced energy devices and conventional monopolar device for colorectal cancer surgery: comparison of clinical and oncologic outcomes
Woo Jin Song, Sung Uk Bae, Woon Kyung Jeong, Seong Kyu Baek
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