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Benign proctology,Rare disease & stoma
Imaging Diagnosis of Perianal Leiomyoma: A Case Report
Enrique González-Díaz, Blanca García Cengotitabengoa, Ana Belen Dominguez Carbajo, Camino Fernández Fernández, A. Fernández Corona
Ann Coloproctol. 2021;37(Suppl 1):S58-S62.   Published online June 9, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3393/ac.2020.10.13.1
  • 4,424 View
  • 61 Download
  • 2 Web of Science
  • 3 Citations
AbstractAbstract PDFSupplementary Material
A leiomyoma is a benign mesenchymal neoplasm that usually develops where smooth muscle is present. In this report, we present the case of a 75-year-old woman who sought medical attention due to pelvic organ prolapse and urinary incontinence, and without defecatory symptoms. Both pelvic floor ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examination showed a well-defined mass in the ischioanal fossa, eventually diagnosed as a perianal leiomyoma. It is considered a rare entity because of its location involving the anal sphincter and clinical features. We describe the ultrasonographic and MRI findings of this perianal leiomyoma, together with differential diagnoses and immunohistochemical characterization.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Angioleiomyoma originating from the ano-rectal wall presenting as a perineal mass: a case report
    Sayali Valiyeva, Elena Cicerone, Elisabetta Iacobelli, Gina R. Quaglione, Renato Pietroletti
    International Journal of Colorectal Disease.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • A Case of Rectal Leiomyoma with Myxoid Degeneration
    玉婷 施
    Advances in Clinical Medicine.2025; 15(03): 399.     CrossRef
  • Rare giant perianal smooth muscle tumor: A case report
    Yuanchao Guo, Yi Song, Xiaona Li, Houhua Liu, Tao Wei, Maowei Yang, Chaonan Zhang, Xingang Li
    Journal of International Medical Research.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
Original Articles
Benign proctology
Anal Dysplasia Among Patients With Multiple Human Papillomavirus Anal Lesions: Mosaic or Homogeneity?
Emilie Lafferre, Laurent Abramowitz, Francine Walker, Dalila Benabderrhamanne, Anne Laurain, Xavier Duval, Florence Tubach
Ann Coloproctol. 2021;37(4):212-217.   Published online July 29, 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3393/ac.2020.06.11.1
  • 3,623 View
  • 93 Download
AbstractAbstract PDF
Purpose
Anal dysplasia is caused by chronic infection with the human papillomavirus and exposes to the risk of anal cancer. The aim of this study was to evaluate the distribution of dysplasia anal grade among patients operated on for multiple anal condylomas with no macroscopic differences.
Methods
This is a cross-sectional study of patients operated on for multiple anal condylomas including a mapping of dysplasia by performing systematically for each patient one biopsy on visible lesion from each of the 4 quadrants on anal margin and in anal canal. All biopsies were read independently by 2 different pathologists.
Results
Among 72 patients, 60 were men and 48 were human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected with a median age of 37.5 years. The proportion of high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) was higher in the anal canal (41.7%) compared to the margin (20.8%) (P = 0.004). HSIL frequency did not differ according to the quadrant (anterior, posterior, right, and left) of the 2 areas. HSIL on anal canal was not associated with HSIL on anal margin and vice versa (P = 0.390). Neither age nor sex was associated to HSIL but HIV positivity increased the risk of HSIL on the anal margin (P = 0.010).
Conclusion
Anal dysplasia is heterogeneously distributed in the anal canal as well as between anal canal and anal margin. The diagnostic of the grade of dysplasia for a person should require multiple biopsies on the canal and anal margin.
Malignant disease
Long-term Oncologic Outcome and Its Relevant Factors in Anal Cancer in Korea: A Nationwide Data Analysis
Hyuk Hur, Kyu-Won Jung, Byung-Woo Kim, Chang-Mo Oh, Young-Joo Won, Jae Hwan Oh, Nam Kyu Kim
Ann Coloproctol. 2020;36(1):35-40.   Published online February 29, 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3393/ac.2019.07.17
  • 4,864 View
  • 98 Download
  • 3 Web of Science
  • 3 Citations
AbstractAbstract PDFSupplementary Material
Purpose
Anal cancer is a rare disease in Korea, and thus survival analyses are limited by small sample sizes. This study used the Korea Central Cancer Registry (KCCR) for a survival analysis and for assessing characteristics of anal cancer in a large sample of Koreans.
Methods
From the KCCR, data on 3,615 patients who were diagnosed and treated for anal cancer from 1993 to 2015 were retrieved. Clinicopathologic variables including age, sex, histological type, and Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) stage were reviewed, and a survival analysis was performed according to these variables.
Results
The 5-year relative survival rate improved from 39.7% in 1993–1995 to 66.5% in 2011–2015. Squamous cell carcinoma was the most common and showed the highest survival rate. Males and older patients (≥40 years and ≥70 years) showed poor prognoses.
Conclusion
The survival rate for anal cancer in Korea has improved steadily over time. The characteristics related to survival were the histological type, sex, and age. These statistics will be fundamental for future Korean anal cancer research.

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  • Risk of Anorectal Cancer Associated with Benign Anal Inflammatory Diseases: A Retrospective Matched Cohort Study
    Wonjeong Chae, Seung Yeon Kang, Sung-In Jang, Yoon Dae Han
    International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2022; 19(12): 7467.     CrossRef
  • Immune Checkpoint Blockade in Lower Gastrointestinal Cancers: A Systematic Review
    K. C. Wilson, M. P. Flood, D. Oh, N. Calvin, M. Michael, R. G. Ramsay, A. G. Heriot
    Annals of Surgical Oncology.2021; 28(12): 7463.     CrossRef
  • Acknowledging the Unsung Role of the Cancer Registry in Rare Cancers
    Jung-Myun Kwak
    Annals of Coloproctology.2020; 36(1): 1.     CrossRef
Case Reports
Hidradenoma Papilliferum of the Anus: A Report of 2 Cases and Review of the Literature
Guh Jung Seo, Ju Heon Seo, Kyung Jin Cho, Hyung-Suk Cho
Ann Coloproctol. 2019;35(6):361-363.   Published online December 31, 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3393/ac.2018.08.03
  • 4,971 View
  • 113 Download
  • 2 Web of Science
  • 3 Citations
AbstractAbstract PDF
Hidradenoma papilliferum is a rare benign cystic tumor that originates from apocrine glands or anogenital mammary glands. Here, we describe 2 cases of hidradenoma papilliferum of the anus. Two female patients aged 39 and 35 presented with perianal masses with hemorrhoids. The patients underwent hemorrhoidectomy and excision of the lesion. Histopathology confirmed the masses as hidradenoma papilliferum. The postoperative course was uneventful for both patients, and there were no recurrences after 18 and 12 months of follow-up, respectively. Proctologists should consider hidradenoma papilliferum in their differential diagnosis of benign anal tumors. Surgical excision is necessary for diagnosis and treatment of hidradenoma papilliferum.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Perianal hidradenoma papilliferum—a case report
    Kamal Hummedah, Mario Kaufmann, Bruno Reibel, Dieter Bussen
    coloproctology.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Three Cases of Papillary Hidradenoma of the Anus
    Satoka Nasu
    Nihon Daicho Komonbyo Gakkai Zasshi.2024; 77(6): 360.     CrossRef
  • Hidradenoma papilliferum of the perineum; a rare tumour in a rare location
    Saliha Sağnıç, Sinan Serdar Ay, Hasan Aykut Tuncer, Selen Doğan, Tayup Şimşek
    Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
Synchronous Primary Anorectal Melanoma and Sigmoid Adenocarcinoma
Inju Cho, Kyung Jong Kim, Sung-Chul Lim
Ann Coloproctol. 2016;32(5):190-194.   Published online October 31, 2016
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3393/ac.2016.32.5.190
  • 5,126 View
  • 49 Download
  • 2 Web of Science
  • 2 Citations
AbstractAbstract PDF

A primary anorectal malignant melanoma is a rare tumor. Moreover, cases involving a synchronous anorectal melanoma and colon adenocarcinoma are extremely rare. The authors report a case of a synchronous anorectal melanoma and sigmoid adenocarcinoma in an 84-year-old man. The regions of the anorectal melanoma showed melanocytic nevi in the adjacent mucosa of the anal canal and rectum. A dysplastic nevus was also identified in the anal mucosa. This case demonstrates that an anorectal melanoma can arise from pre-existing anorectal melanocytic lesions.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Anorectal melanoma: systematic review of the current literature of an aggressive type of melanoma
    Giovanni Paolino, Antonio Podo Brunetti, Carolina De Rosa, Carmen Cantisani, Franco Rongioletti, Andrea Carugno, Nicola Zerbinati, Mario Valenti, Domenico Mascagni, Giulio Tosti, Santo Raffaele Mercuri, Riccardo Pampena
    Melanoma Research.2024; 34(6): 487.     CrossRef
  • Endoscopic diagnosis of gastrointestinal melanoma
    Sheng Wang, Siyu Sun, Xiang Liu, Nan Ge, Guoxin Wang, Jintao Guo, Wen Liu, Jinlong Hu
    Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology.2020; 55(3): 330.     CrossRef
Anal Myolipoma: A New Benign Entity in Patients with an Anal Tumor?
Tae Young Kang, Moo Ryang Huh, Su Jin Kim
J Korean Soc Coloproctol. 2012;28(4):219-221.   Published online August 31, 2012
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3393/jksc.2012.28.4.219
  • 4,008 View
  • 37 Download
  • 2 Citations
AbstractAbstract PDF

A myolipoma is an extremely rare benign neoplasm, occurring most frequently in adults in the deep soft tissue of the abdomen or retroperitoneum. We experienced a case of an anal myolipoma occurring in a 30-year-old woman, and it was surgically resected. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of a myolipoma arising from the anus, so such a possibility needs to be considered in the differential diagnosis.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Myolipoma of Soft Tissue
    Mana Fukushima, Inga-Marie Schaefer, Christopher D.M. Fletcher
    American Journal of Surgical Pathology.2017; 41(2): 153.     CrossRef
  • Interdomal-Columellar Myolipoma: Discovered at Rhinoplasty
    Valerio Finocchi, Edoardo Pellini, Gianluigi Longobardi, Angelo Trivisonno, Julio Faller, Damiano Tambasco
    Aesthetic Plastic Surgery.2014; 38(1): 252.     CrossRef
Management of Traumatic Injury to the Lower Rectum and Anal Sphincter Muscle Combined with Deep Perineal Laceration.
Jung, Mi Ran , Kim, Ho Kun , Park, Min Ho , Ju, Jae Kyun , Ryu, Seong Yeob , Park, Young Kyu , Kim, Hyeong Rok , Kim, Dong Yi , Kim, Young Jin
J Korean Soc Coloproctol. 2008;24(1):45-50.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3393/jksc.2008.24.1.45
  • 1,899 View
  • 23 Download
AbstractAbstract PDF
Although rare, traumatic injuries to the lower rectum and anal sphincter muscle combined with deep perineal laceration present substantial diagnostic and management challenges for surgeons. Between February 2004 and February 2006, six patients were treated for traumatic injuries to the lower rectum and anal sphincter muscle combined with deep perineal laceration at the Department of Surgery, Chonnam National University Hospital. All six patients underwent a diverting colostomy, primary repair, and presacral a drainage, but only three cases underwentva a sphincteroplasty. Three patients who underwent a sphincteroplasty had normal findings on anorectal manometry. Traumatic injuries to the lower rectum and anal sphincter muscle combined with deep perineal laceration have a high morbidity rate and a great influence on the quality of life. Thus, such injuries require aggressive management, and treatment modalities should be tailored to the individual case.
A Case of Recurrent Perianal Paget's Disease.
Bang, Sang Young , Kang, Won Kyung , Park, Jong Kyung , Kim, Ji Yeon , Park, Seung Chul , Ahn, Chang Hyuk , Oh, Seong Taek
J Korean Soc Coloproctol. 2001;17(6):346-349.
  • 1,129 View
  • 6 Download
AbstractAbstract PDF
Extramammary Paget's disease is an uncommon intraepithelial carcinoma of the skin and mucosa usually occurring in the anogenital area. Perianal Paget's disease is a rare entity, often associated with internal malignancies and a poor prognosis. Clinical manifestations of perianal Paget's disease include pruritis (most common), irritation, rash, lump sensation and the lesion shows erythematous, crusted or scaly area which may weep clear fluid. Lichenified, leukokeratotic or leukoplakia-like patches may also develop in some patients. These areas may resemble eczema or contact dermatitis. Many authors recommend surgery as the treatment of choice. Extended surgical excision for non-invasive lesion and excision of rectum or abdominoperineal resection for invasive disease is recommended. The prognosis for non-invasive lesion is excellent, but for invasive lesion is poor.We experienced one case of perianal Paget's disease which recurred after wide excision of vulvar area for Paget's disase, and performed secondary abdominoperineal resection. Now, radiation therapy was done for adjuvant therapeutic modality.
Original Articles
Usefulness of Manometry in Anorectal Diseases.
Kim, Chang Nam , Park, Sang Kyu , Kim, Sook Young , Yu, Chang Sik , Kim, Jin Cheon
J Korean Soc Coloproctol. 2000;16(6):376-382.
  • 1,168 View
  • 34 Download
AbstractAbstract PDF
PURPOSE
Anorectal manometry is an objective means of assessing the anorectal function through the anorectal sphincter muscles. The purpose of this study was to assess the usefulness of anorectal manometry.
METHODS
Manometric findings of 1145 patients with anorectal diseases were analyzed.
RESULTS
In hemorrhoids, the maximum resting pressure (MRP) was significantly decreased postoperatively (P<0.05), and the maximum squeezing pressure (MSP) was decreased postoperatively. The MRP was increased in hemorrhoids, internal sphincter hypertonia, and chronic anal fissure (CAF). The MRP and MSP were significantly decreased in CAF, anal fistula, and anal stricture postoperatively (P<0.05). In anal fistula, the high pressure zone length and sphincter length were significantly decreased postoperatively (P<0.05), and the vector symmetric index was decreased to 0.79 postoperatively. Fourteen of the 57 patients with fecal incontinence did not show rectoanal inhibitory reflex (RAIR). In 22 of the 25 patients were clinically suspected of congenital megacolon (CMC), unnecessary surgery was avoided with RAIR. Twelve of the 15 patients with CMC, who had undergone surgery, showed the RAIR. In patients treated by total proctocolectomy (TPC) with ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA) for ulcerative colitis (UC) and familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP), the MRP and MSP were decreased postoperatively, and the sensation of fullness (SOF) was significantly decreased postoperatively (P<0.05). In patients with rectal cancer treated by low anterior resection, the MRP, MSP, SOF, and compliance were significantly decreased until 12 months postoperatively (P<0.05).
CONCLUSIONS
Manometry appears to be an important tool to evaluate anorectal function that enables adequate surgery or treatment for the most of anorectal diseases. Furthermore, it is a valuable tool in assessing functional recovery after surgeries associated with a sphincter injury.
33 Cases of Anal Cancer.
Ahn, Byung Kwon , Park, Yong Rae , Baek, Sung Uhn
J Korean Soc Coloproctol. 1998;14(4):743-750.
  • 1,297 View
  • 6 Download
AbstractAbstract PDF
PURPOSE
Malignant disease of the anus is rare. Abdominoperineal resection was formerly considered to be the treatment of choice. But, in recent, less ablative and more effective combined therapeutic modalities have been developed.
METHODS
we analyzed 33 patients who were diagnosed and treated as anal cancers at the Department of Surgery, Gospel Hospital, Kosin Medical Collage, from July 1, 1988 to Nov. 30, 1997.
RESULTS
The ratio of male to female was 1.4:1 and mean age was 56.7 years old. Twenty-two (84.8%) of these cancers were located in the anal canal and 5 (15.2%) in the anal margin. Three main histologic types of the anal cancers were identified: squamous cell carcinoma was the most common lesion, accounted for 17 cases (51.1%), adenocarcinoma accounted for 8 cases (24.2%), malignant melanoma accounted for 8 cases (24.2%). The overall 3-year survival rate and 5-year survival rate of anal cancer were 54.1%, 41.7%. Eleven patients with squamous cell carcinoma were treated curatively: 6 patients were treated with chemoradiotherapy, 3 patients with abdominoperineal resection, one patient with chemoradiotherapy and abdominoperineal resection, one patient with local excision.
CONCLUSION
In survival rate, there were no significant differences between chemoradiotherapy group and surgical treatment group. In squamous cell carcinomas, chemoradiotherapy had anal sparing benefit without loss of survival. On univariate analysis, T, N, type of treatment, histologic type had no statistical significances on survival. On multivariate analysis, location of lesion and distant metastasis had statistical significances.
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