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Original Articles
Clinical Characteristics of Colorectal Cancer Patients With a Second Primary Cancer
Jin Woo Lee, Jong Woo Kim, Nam Keun Kim
Ann Coloproctol. 2014;30(1):18-22.   Published online February 28, 2014
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3393/ac.2014.30.1.18
  • 6,197 View
  • 55 Download
  • 22 Web of Science
  • 20 Citations
AbstractAbstract PDF
Purpose

The incidence of colorectal cancer is increasing due to a westernized dietary lifestyle, and improvements in treatment and diagnostic tools have resulted in more patients being confirmed of having multiple primary cancers. However, studies regarding multiple primary cancers are insufficient. In this study, the clinical aspects of patients with primary multiple cancers, including colorectal cancers, were investigated, and the results were compared to those of patients with primary colorectal cancer only.

Methods

Seven hundred eighteen patients who received surgery for colorectal cancer between March 2003 and September 2012 in CHA Medical Center were enrolled. A retrograde cohort was done for comparison of the two groups: those with and those without multiple primary cancer. The analysis was done according to sex, age, tumor location, tumor size, metastatic regional lymph-node number, vascular/lymphatic microinvasion, staging, tumor markers, microsatellite instability, and C/T subgroup of polymorphism in methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase.

Results

Of the 718 subjects, 33 (4.6%) had multiple primary cancers: 12 (36.4%) synchronous and 21 (63.6%) metachronous. The malignancy most frequently accompanying colorectal cancer was gastric cancer, followed by thyroid, prostate, and esophageal malignancies in that order. In the comparison between groups, mean age, tumor location, and microsatellite instability showed statistically significant differences; others parameters did not.

Conclusion

The incidence of multiple primary cancers, including colorectal cancer, is increasing. Therefore, defining the characteristics of patients with multiple primary cancers is crucial, and those characteristics need to be acknowledged in the follow-up of colorectal cancer patients.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Risk of Gynaecological Cancers as Second Primary in Non-gynaecological Cancer Survivors: A Retrospective Cohort Study
    N. R. Sindhu, Dhanya Susan Thomas, Ajit Sebastian, Anitha Thomas, Rachel Chandy, Sherin Daniel, Vinotha Thomas
    The Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology of India.2025; 75(S1): 146.     CrossRef
  • Risks of colorectal and extracolonic cancers following colorectal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis
    Ye Kyaw Aung, Ye Zhang, Mark A Jenkins, Aung Ko Win
    JNCI Cancer Spectrum.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Rare comorbidity of colon cancer, hepatic malignant mesothelioma, and abdominal Ewing’s sarcoma: a case report
    Yanru Li, Lukang Teng, Shupeng Wang, Xudong Wu, Tianchen Huang
    Frontiers in Oncology.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • A Case Report of Multiple Primary Malignancies Presenting With Unusual Inguinal Metastasis
    Emre Tunc, Yunus Emre Bolukoglu, Bulent Aksel, Lutfi Dogan
    Cureus.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Multiple primary malignant neoplasms and long‑term survival: A case report
    Biao Xie, Ke Huang, Shuibo Zhu
    Oncology Letters.2025; 30(6): 1.     CrossRef
  • Synchronous Papillary Thyroid Cancer and Colorectal Cancer in a Young Patient with a CHEK2 Mutation
    Sydney Brooke Hoskins, Leslie Torgerson
    Case Reports in Oncology.2024; 17(1): 524.     CrossRef
  • Influence factors of the survival in colorectal cancer patients with second primary malignancy after surgery: A SEER database analysis
    Liyu Liu, Bolin Chen
    Medicine.2023; 102(40): e35286.     CrossRef
  • A synopsis of modern - day colorectal cancer: Where we stand
    Ranmali Ranasinghe, Michael Mathai, Anthony Zulli
    Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Reviews on Cancer.2022; 1877(2): 188699.     CrossRef
  • A Single-Center Study of Patients With Synchronous Primary Malignancy: A Case Series
    Abeer I Alsulaimani, Layla M Alkhaldi, Sheikha A AlTawairqi, Arif Khurshid, Hamma A Abdulaziz, Abdulrahman G Alotaibi, Haifa O Alotaibi
    Cureus.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • MicroRNAs expression analysis shows key affirmation of Synaptopodin-2 as a novel prognostic and therapeutic biomarker for colorectal and cervical cancers
    Md. Shahadat Hossain, Mahafujul Islam Quadery Tonmoy, Md. Nur Islam, Md. Sajedul Islam, Ibrahim Khalil Afif, Arpita Singha Roy, Atqiya Fariha, Hasan Al Reza, Newaz Mohammed Bahadur, Md. Mizanur Rahaman
    Heliyon.2021; 7(6): e07347.     CrossRef
  • Multiple Metachronous Malignancies: One Patient with Five Primary Malignancies
    Sung Yun Lee, Byung Ik Kim, Hong Ju Kim, Kwan Joong Joo, Sang Hyuk Lee, Chang Hak Yoo, Dong Hoon Kim
    The Korean Journal of Medicine.2019; 94(1): 114.     CrossRef
  • Synchronous Hodgkin lymphoma and gastric adenocarcinoma
    Hongying Wu, Liyan Wei, Lumei Hao, Xuemei Li, Lei Wang, Chenglu Yuan
    Medicine.2018; 97(3): e9484.     CrossRef
  • Secondary Breast, Ovarian, and Uterine Cancers After Colorectal Cancer: A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study in Korea
    Dong Woo Shin, Yoon Jin Choi, Hyun Soo Kim, Kyung-Do Han, Hyuk Yoon, Young Soo Park, Nayoung Kim, Dong Ho Lee
    Diseases of the Colon & Rectum.2018; 61(11): 1250.     CrossRef
  • Clinical characteristics and survival of lung cancer patients associated with multiple primary malignancies
    Shan Shan, Jun She, Zhi-qiang Xue, Chun-xia Su, Shen-xiang Ren, Feng-ying Wu, Rafael Rosell
    PLOS ONE.2017; 12(9): e0185485.     CrossRef
  • Liver resection for hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with hematological malignancies
    Hui-Chen Lin, Yang-Shen Yang, Chieh-Lin Jerry Teng, Ching-Hui Shen, Yee-Gee Jan, Shao-Bin Cheng, Cheng-Chung Wu, Yi-Ling Lin, Chu-Chun Huang, Fang-Ku P’eng
    World Journal of Surgical Oncology.2017;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Multiple Primary Malignancies in Patients With Hepatocellular Carcinoma
    Wei Xu, Wenjun Liao, Penglei Ge, Jinjun Ren, Haifeng Xu, Huayu Yang, Xinting Sang, Xin Lu, Yilei Mao
    Medicine.2016; 95(17): e3491.     CrossRef
  • Lessons Learned From a Case of Gastric Cancer After Liver Transplantation for Hepatocellular Carcinoma
    Kun Yang, Hong Zhu, Chong-Cheng Chen, Tian-Fu Wen, Wei-Han Zhang, Kai Liu, Xin-Zu Chen, Dong-Jiao Guo, Zong-Guang Zhou, Jian-Kun Hu
    Medicine.2016; 95(7): e2666.     CrossRef
  • An Uncommon Presentation of a Metachronous Primary Gastric Tumor in a Patient with a Resected Colorectal Carcinoma: Case Report and Review of the Literature
    Michalis Galanopoulos, Elisavet Nikolaidou, Christos Liatsos
    Journal of Gastrointestinal Cancer.2015; 46(1): 85.     CrossRef
  • Gastric cancer following a liver transplantation for glycogen storage disease type Ia (von Gierke disease): A case report
    HUA XIAO, JIANMIN BIAN, LEI ZHANG, ZHAOMING WANG, AIXING DING
    Oncology Letters.2014; 8(6): 2803.     CrossRef
  • Second Primary Cancers Following Colorectal Cancer
    Jung Wook Huh
    Annals of Coloproctology.2014; 30(1): 2.     CrossRef
Relationship between Metabolic Syndrome and MTHFR Polymorphism in Colorectal Cancer
Bong Su Kang, Dae Ho Ahn, Nam Keun Kim, Jong Woo Kim
J Korean Soc Coloproctol. 2011;27(2):78-82.   Published online April 30, 2011
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3393/jksc.2011.27.2.78
  • 6,198 View
  • 33 Download
  • 18 Citations
AbstractAbstract PDF
Purpose

There have been studies on the relations between metabolic syndrome and colorectal cancer or on the relations between methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) polymorphism and colorectal cancer, but reports on the relationship between metabolic syndrome, MTHFR polymorphism and colorectal cancer all together are rare. The aim of this study is to find the interrelation between metabolic syndrome and MTHFR polymorphism in colorectal cancer.

Methods

This study investigated 255 colorectal cancer patients (cancer group) who underwent surgery in our hospital from March 2003 to December 2008 and compared those patients to 488 healthy patients (control group). The diagnostic criterion for metabolic syndrome was based on the National Cholesterol Education Program-Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP ATP III), and the MTHFR 677 polymorphism was analyzed.

Results

When colorectal cancer patients and patients in the control group were classified as MTHFR 677 subtypes, there was no difference between the two groups: CC 87 (34.1%), CT 134 (52.6%), and TT 34 (13.3%) for the cancer group and CC 145 (32.4%), CT 238 (53.1%), and TT 65 (14.5%) for the control group. Distributions of MTHFR 677C/T genotype and allele frequencies in the individuals with and without metabolic syndrome in the cancer group showed no differences. Moreover, we could find no differences in distributions of MTHFR 677C/T genotypes in the clinical and the biomedical variables of individuals with and without metabolic syndrome in the cancer group.

Conclusion

Our results show no relation between metabolic syndrome and MTHFR polymorphism in colorectal cancer. However, a further prospective study, based on a precise diagnostic criterion for metabolic syndrome, is needed.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Meta Analysis of Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase (MTHFR) C677T polymorphism and its association with folate and colorectal cancer
    Meng Ye, Guojie Xu, Liming Zhang, Zhihui Kong, Zhenhua Qiu
    BMC Cancer.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Unveiling the link: Evaluating MTHFR gene polymorphisms and colorectal cancer risk through meta-analysis
    Yu-wei Wang, Ze-yi Huang, Chen-xue Jin, Xiao-hui Shen, Xiao-feng He, Chang-qing Yang, Mohammad Safiqul Islam
    PLOS One.2025; 20(7): e0305517.     CrossRef
  • Prognostic significance of three endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) polymorphisms and metabolic syndrome (MetS) in patients with colorectal cancer
    Eun Ju Ko, Eo Jin Kim, Hye Jung Cho, Jisu Oh, Han Sung Park, Chang Soo Ryu, Jung Oh Kim, Hak Hoon Jun, So Young Chong, Jong Woo Kim, Nam Keun Kim
    Genes & Genomics.2022; 44(6): 659.     CrossRef
  • Associations of MTRR and TSER polymorphisms related to folate metabolism with susceptibility to metabolic syndrome
    Young Ree Kim, Seung-Ho Hong
    Genes & Genomics.2019; 41(8): 983.     CrossRef
  • Association of MTHFR C677T gene polymorphism with metabolic syndrome in a Chinese population: a case–control study
    Jin Wang, Lijuan Xu, Hongmiao Xia, Ying Li, Shiqi Tang
    Journal of International Medical Research.2018; 46(7): 2658.     CrossRef
  • Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase C677T polymorphism and colorectal cancer susceptibility: a meta-analysis
    Lingyan Xu, Zhiqiang Qin, Feng Wang, Shuhui Si, Lele Li, Peinan Lin, Xiao Han, Xiaomin Cai, Haiwei Yang, Yanhong Gu
    Bioscience Reports.2017;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Associations of MTHFR C677T polymorphism with insulin resistance, results of NURSE Study (Nursing Unacquainted Related Stress Etiologies)
    Motahareh Kheradmand, Zhila Maghbooli, Sedigheh Salemi, Mahnaz Sanjari
    Journal of Diabetes & Metabolic Disorders.2017;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    Amit Kumar, Shubham Misra, Anjali Hazarika, Pradeep Kumar, Ram Sagar, Abhishek Pathak, Kamalesh Chakravarty, Kameshwar Prasad
    Egyptian Journal of Medical Human Genetics.2016; 17(4): 359.     CrossRef
  • Risk of prostate cancer and thrombosis-related factor polymorphisms
    SOMAYEHSADAT GHASEMI, AYDIN TAVAKOLI, MOHAMAD MOGHADAM, MOHAMAD ALI ZARGAR, MARYAM ABBASPOUR, NASIM HATAMNEJADIAN, AHMAD EBRAHIMI
    Biomedical Reports.2014; 2(1): 53.     CrossRef
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    Min Tang, Shang-Qian Wang, Bian-Jiang Liu, Qiang Cao, Bing-Jie Li, Peng-Chao Li, Yong-Fei Li, Chao Qin, Wei Zhang
    Molecular Biology Reports.2014; 41(7): 4659.     CrossRef
  • Associations of MTHFR C677T and MTRR A66G Gene Polymorphisms with Metabolic Syndrome: A Case-Control Study in Northern China
    Boyi Yang, Shujun Fan, Xueyuan Zhi, Da Wang, Yongfang Li, Yinuo Wang, Yanxun Wang, Jian Wei, Quanmei Zheng, Guifan Sun
    International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2014; 15(12): 21687.     CrossRef
  • Association of MTHFR C677T polymorphisms and colorectal cancer risk in Asians: evidence of 12,255 subjects
    X.-P. Guo, Y. Wang, H. Zhao, S.-D. Song, J. Zhou, Y. Han
    Clinical and Translational Oncology.2014; 16(7): 623.     CrossRef
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    MENGMENG ZHAO, XUELIAN LI, CHENGZHONG XING, BAOSEN ZHOU
    Biomedical Reports.2013; 1(5): 781.     CrossRef
  • The 677C>T (rs1801133) Polymorphism in the MTHFR Gene Contributes to Colorectal Cancer Risk: A Meta-Analysis Based on 71 Research Studies
    Zan Teng, Lei Wang, Shuang Cai, Ping Yu, Jin Wang, Jing Gong, Yunpeng Liu, Rossella Rota
    PLoS ONE.2013; 8(2): e55332.     CrossRef
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    Molecular Biology Reports.2012; 39(10): 9669.     CrossRef
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    Zhen Yang, Xie-Fu Zhang, Hong-Xiang Liu, Yong-Shun Hao, Chun-Lin Zhao
    Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention.2012; 13(4): 1203.     CrossRef
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    Shan Zhong, Jia-He Yang, Kai Liu, B. H. Jiao, Zhi-Jie Chang
    Tumor Biology.2012; 33(6): 2041.     CrossRef
  • Metabonomic Variations Associated with AOM-Induced Precancerous Colorectal Lesions and Resveratrol Treatment
    Wen Liao, Hai Wei, Xiaoyan Wang, Yunping Qiu, Xiaojun Gou, Xiaolei Zhang, Mingmei Zhou, Jianbing Wu, Tao Wu, Fang Kou, Yongyu Zhang, Zhaoxiang Bian, Guoxiang Xie, Wei Jia
    Journal of Proteome Research.2012; 11(6): 3436.     CrossRef
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