Annals of Coloproctology

Review

Benign bowel disease

Colorectal screening following appendectomy in adult patients: a systematic review: Francesco Esposito, Marco Del Prete, Matilde Magri, Fanny Dufour, Alexandre Cortes; Ann Coloproctol. 2024;40(5):417-423. Published online August 1, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3393/ac.2023.00528.0075

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Abstract PDF: Purpose
Although the association between appendicitis and colorectal cancer in older patients has received attention, postoperative colorectal screening through endoscopy is not currently recommended. This study conducted a systematic review of the literature on colorectal screening following appendectomy in adult patients.
Methods
A literature search was performed using online databases. Studies reporting colorectal surveillance after appendectomy in adult patients were retrieved for assessment.
Results
Eight articles including a total of 3,995 patients were published between 2013 and 2023. An age of 40 years was the lower threshold in 6 of the 8 articles. Postoperative colorectal screening occurred in 771 patients (19.3%). Endoscopy was performed in 95.2% of cases and computed tomography–colonography in 4.8%. During endoscopic examinations, a lesion was discovered in 184 of 771 patients (24.0%), and an adenomatous polyp was found in 154 of 686 patients (22.5%). The overall cancer rate was 3.9% (30 of 771 patients). The tumor was located in the right-sided colon in 46.7% of the patients, in the cecum in 20.0%, in the rectum in 16.7%, in the left-sided colon in 10.0%, and in the sigmoid colon in 6.7%.
Conclusion
Performing post-appendectomy colorectal screening in patients >40 years of age could allow early detection of an underlying lesion.

Original Articles

Malignant disease, Rectal cancer,Colorectal cancer,Surgical technique

The “reverse air leak test”: a new technique for the assessment of low colorectal anastomosis: Francesco Crafa, Augusto Striano, Francesco Esposito, Amalia Rosaria Rita Rossetti, Mario Baiamonte, Valeria Gianfreda, Antonio Longo; Ann Coloproctol. 2022;38(1):20-27. Published online December 4, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3393/ac.2020.09.21.1

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225 Download
12 Web of Science
16 Citations

Abstract PDF

Purpose
Anastomotic leakage is a fearsome complication in rectal surgery. Surgeons perform the classic air leak test, although its real effectiveness is still debated. The aim of this study was to describe a personal technique of reverse air leak test in which low colorectal anastomosis was assessed transanally through the intrarectal irrigation of a few mL of saline solution.
Methods
From October 2014 to November 2019, 11 patients with low rectal cancer (type 1 in Roullier classification) were included in this study. At the beginning of the procedure, a circular anal dilator was inserted into the anus. A side-to-end colorectal anastomosis was performed. A few mL of saline solution were injected into the rectum and the entire anastomotic line was directly explored. The appearance of bubbles was considered as an anastomotic defect and repaired with an interrupted suture. A fluorescence angiography after intravenous injection of indocyanine green was performed in order to evaluate the perfusion of the anastomosis.
Results
The reverse air leak test was positive in 4 cases (36.4%). The defect was repaired and a confirmation test was performed. In all patients, near-infrared evaluation showed no perfusion defect (grade 0) in low colorectal anastomosis. No postoperative fistula was detected in cohort study. A protective stoma was performed in 10 patients. On day 90, there were no complications and stoma closure was performed as planned.
Conclusion
The reverse air leak test is a simple, feasible, and effective procedure to identify anastomotic leaks in low colorectal anastomoses.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Is end-to-end or side-to-end anastomotic configuration associated with risk of positive intraoperative air leak test in left-sided colon and rectal resections for colon and rectal cancers?
Sami Alahmadi, David L. Berger, Christy E. Cauley, Robert N. Goldstone, William V. Kastrinakis, Marc Rubin, Hiroko Kunitake, Rocco Ricciardi, Grace C. Lee
Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery.2025; 29(2): 101899. CrossRef
Stent-Over-Sponge (SOS) as a Rescue Technique for Leak Post-Bariatric Surgery: Experience From Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur, Canada
Majed Alanazi, Bandar Ali, Ibrahim Alonazi, Pierre Y Garneau , Denis Ronald, Radu Pescarus
Cureus.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Laparoscopic discoid rectal resection as surgical treatment for endometrial cancer recurrence
Francesco Cosentino, Alessio Colalillo, Claudia Tucci, Francesco Corbisiero, Daniele Neola, Diego Raimondo, Antonio Raffone
International Journal of Gynecological Cancer.2025; : 101637. CrossRef
Solo surgery for low rectal cancer: trans‐circular anal dilator low rectal dissection associated with laparoscopic total mesorectal excision—A Video Vignette
Crafa Francesco, Vanella Serafino, Emanuele Caruso, Madoka Hamada, Nozomi Ueno
Colorectal Disease.2024; 26(4): 805. CrossRef
Colorectal eversion technique combined with modified single‐stapled double‐purse‐string low colorectal anastomosis
Crafa Francesco, Vanella Serafino
Colorectal Disease.2024; 26(4): 772. CrossRef
Sex Disparities in Rectal Cancer Surgery: An In-Depth Analysis of Surgical Approaches and Outcomes
Chungyeop Lee, In Ja Park
The World Journal of Men's Health.2024; 42(2): 304. CrossRef
Treatment of anastomotic leak in colorectal surgery by endoluminal vacuum therapy with the VACStent avoiding a stoma - a pilot study
Markus M. Heiss, Jonas Lange, Judith Knievel, Alexander Yohannes, Ulrich Hügle, Arno J. Dormann, Claus F. Eisenberger
Langenbeck's Archives of Surgery.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Propuesta de una técnica quirúrgica modificada para prevenir fugas anastomóticas colorrectales
Malik Takkal, Xavier Delgadillo, Amel Takkal, Sara Al-Maimouni
Revista Mexicana de Coloproctología Enfermedades del Ano, Recto y Colon.2024; 20(1): 12. CrossRef
Risk stratification of anastomotic leakages after colonic resection and reconstructive procedures
A. A. Vaganov, A. Yu. Korol’kov, P. I. Bogdanov, Z. Kh. Osmanov, V. P. Morozov, A. V. Babich
Grekov's Bulletin of Surgery.2023; 181(6): 98. CrossRef
Colorectal eversion technique combined with modified DST (CET‐M‐DST) for low colorectal anastomosis after laparoscopic TME for colorectal cancer – Video correspondence
Crafa Francesco, Vanella Serafino, Baiamonte Mario, Longo Antonio
Colorectal Disease.2023; 25(12): 2473. CrossRef
Fluorescence-guided colorectal surgery: applications, clinical results, and protocols
Jin-Min Jung, In Ja Park, Eun Jung Park, Gyung Mo Son
Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research.2023; 105(5): 252. CrossRef
Preventing Anastomotic Leakage, a Devastating Complication of Colorectal Surgery
Hyun Gu Lee
The Ewha Medical Journal.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Laparoscopic PME with colorectal anstomosis with transanal control – A video vignette
Francesco Crafa, Serafino Vanella, Adele Noviello, Giuseppe Longo, Francesco Longo
Colorectal Disease.2022; 24(7): 887. CrossRef
Laparoscopic TME and hepatic resection after total neoadjuvant chemotherapy plus short course radiotherapy for low rectal cancer with single synchronous liver metastases – A video vignette
Francesco Crafa, Serafino Vanella
Colorectal Disease.2022; 24(10): 1264. CrossRef
Initial experience with intraoperative testing and repair of colorectal anastomosis using a TAMIS approach after a positive leak test
J. Valdes-Hernandez, J. Cintas-Catena, F. J. Del Rio-Lafuente, A. Cano-Matias, C. Torres-Arcos, A. Perez-Sanchez, L. Capitan-Morales, F. Oliva-Mompean, J. C. Gomez-Rosado
Techniques in Coloproctology.2022; 26(11): 901. CrossRef
Minimally invasive colorectal surgery learning curve
Serafino Vanella, Enrico Coppola Bottazzi, Giancarlo Farese, Rosa Murano, Adele Noviello, Tommaso Palma, Maria Godas, Francesco Crafa
World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy.2022; 14(11): 731. CrossRef

Sentinel Lymph Node Analysis in Colorectal Cancer Patients Using One-Step Nucleic Acid Amplification in Combination With Fluorescence and Indocyanine Green: Francesco Esposito, Adele Noviello, Nicola Moles, Enrico Coppola Bottazzi, Mario Baiamonte, Ina Macaione, Umberto Ferbo, Maria Lepore, Antonio Miro, Francesco Crafa; Ann Coloproctol. 2019;35(4):174-180. Published online August 31, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3393/ac.2018.07.21.1

4,393 View
118 Download
6 Web of Science
6 Citations

Abstract PDF

Purpose
Analysis of the sentinel lymph node (SLN) in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients was proposed for more accurate staging and tailored lymphadenectomy. The aim of this study was to assess the ability to predict lymph node (LN) involvement through analysis of the SLN with a one-step nucleic acid (OSNA) technique in combination with peritumoral injection of indocyanine green (ICG) and near-infrared (NIR) lymphangiography in CRC patients.
Methods
A total of 34 patients were enrolled. Overall, 51 LNs were analyzed with OSNA. LNs of 17 patients (50%) were examined simultaneously with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and OSNA.
Results
SLN analysis of 17 patients examined with H&E and OSNA revealed that OSNA had a higher sensitivity (1 vs. 0.55), higher negative predictive value (1 vs. 0.66) and higher accuracy (100% vs. 76.4%) in predicting LN involvement. Overall, OSNA showed a sensitivity of 0.69, specificity of 1, accuracy of 88.2%, and stage migration of 8.8%. Compared to those who were OSNA (−), OSNA (+) patients had a greater number of LN metastases (4.8 vs. 0.16, P = 0.04), higher G3 rate (44.4% vs. 4%, P = 0.01), more advanced stage of disease (stage III: 77.8% vs. 16%; P = 0.00) and were more rapidly subjected to adjuvant chemotherapy (39.1 days vs. 50.2 days, P = 0.01).
Conclusion
SLN analysis with OSNA in combination with ICG-NIR lymphangiography is feasible and can detect LN involvement in CRC patients. Furthermore, it allows for more accurate staging reducing the delay between surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Diagnostic value of one-step nucleic acid amplification for sentinel lymph node metastasis in cytokeratin 19-positive tumors: evidence from bioinformatics and meta-analysis
Ke Li, Min Meng, Weiwei Zhang, Junyi Li, Yiting Wang, Changhui Zhou
Frontiers in Oncology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Non-exposed endoscopic wall-inversion surgery with one-step nucleic acid amplification for early gastrointestinal tumors: Personal experience and literature review
Francesco Crafa, Serafino Vanella, Aristide Morante, Onofrio A Catalano, Kelsey L Pomykala, Mario Baiamonte, Maria Godas, Alexandra Antunes, Joaquim Costa Pereira, Valentina Giaccaglia
World Journal of Gastroenterology.2023; 29(24): 3883. CrossRef
Role of one-step nucleic acid amplification in colorectal cancer lymph node metastases detection
Francesco Crafa, Serafino Vanella, Onofrio A Catalano, Kelsey L Pomykala, Mario Baiamonte
World Journal of Gastroenterology.2022; 28(30): 4019. CrossRef
Mapping Lymph Node during Indocyanine Green Fluorescence-Imaging Guided Gastric Oncologic Surgery: Current Applications and Future Directions
Yiqun Liao, Jiahao Zhao, Yuji Chen, Bin Zhao, Yongkun Fang, Fei Wang, Chen Wei, Yichao Ma, Hao Ji, Daorong Wang, Dong Tang
Cancers.2022; 14(20): 5143. CrossRef
The advantage of one‐step nucleic acid amplification for the diagnosis of lymph node metastasis in colorectal cancer patients
Yukiharu Hiyoshi, Takashi Akiyoshi, Yosuke Fukunaga
Annals of Gastroenterological Surgery.2021; 5(1): 60. CrossRef
The evolving role of one-step nucleic acid amplification (OSNA) for the intra-operative detection of lymph node metastases: A diagnostic accuracy meta-analysis
Anastasios Tranoulis, Dimitra Georgiou, Jason Yap, Stephen Attard-Montalto, Jeremy Twigg, Ahmed Elattar, Kavita Singh, Janos Balega, Sean Kehoe
European Journal of Surgical Oncology.2021; 47(6): 1233. CrossRef

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