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Volume 26(5); October 2010
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Editorials
The Risk Factors of Clostridium difficile Colitis in Colorectal Surgery
Seung Jin Yoo
J Korean Soc Coloproctol. 2010;26(5):307-308.   Published online October 31, 2010
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3393/jksc.2010.26.5.307
  • 2,281 View
  • 30 Download
  • 2 Citations
PDF

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Incidence, risk factors, and outcome of Clostridioides difficile infection following urological surgeries
    Kevin A. Nguyen, Danny Q. Le, Yvonne T. Bui, Sonali D. Advani, Joseph Renzulli, Patrick A. Kenney, Michael S. Leapman
    World Journal of Urology.2021; 39(8): 2995.     CrossRef
  • Efficacy of prophylactic probiotics in combination with antibiotics versus antibiotics alone for colorectal surgery: A meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials
    Xiang‐Dong Wu, Wei Xu, Meng‐Meng Liu, Ke‐Jia Hu, Ya‐Ying Sun, Xue‐Fei Yang, Gui‐Qi Zhu, Zi‐Wei Wang, Wei Huang
    Journal of Surgical Oncology.2018; 117(7): 1394.     CrossRef
Factors Affecting the Outcome of a Pulmonary Resection for Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: Efficacy and Pitfalls
Ik Yong Kim
J Korean Soc Coloproctol. 2010;26(5):309-310.   Published online October 31, 2010
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3393/jksc.2010.26.5.309
  • 2,337 View
  • 26 Download
PDF
Review
Anorectal Physiology: Test and Clinical Application
Hyeon-Min Cho
J Korean Soc Coloproctol. 2010;26(5):311-315.   Published online October 31, 2010
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3393/jksc.2010.26.5.311
  • 3,587 View
  • 72 Download
  • 8 Citations
AbstractAbstract PDF

The physiology of the anorectal region is very complex, and it is only recently that detailed investigations have given us a better understanding of its function. The methods that are used for the evaluation of anorectal physiology include anorectal manometry, defecography, continence tests, electromyography of the anal sphincter and the pelvic floor, and nerve stimulation tests. These techniques furnish a clearer picture of the mechanisms of anorectal disease and demonstrate pathophysiologic abnormalities in patients with disorders of the anorectal region. Therefore, therapeutic recommendations for anorectal disease can be made best when the anatomy and the physiology of the anorectal region are understood.

Citations

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Original Articles
Effects of Delay in the Snap Freezing of Colorectal Cancer Tissues on the Quality of DNA and RNA
Sang Hyun Hong, Hyun Ah Baek, Kyu Yun Jang, Myoung Ja Chung, Woo Sung Moon, Myoung Jae Kang, Dong Geun Lee, Ho Sung Park
J Korean Soc Coloproctol. 2010;26(5):316-323.   Published online October 31, 2010
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3393/jksc.2010.26.5.316
  • 4,207 View
  • 73 Download
  • 36 Citations
AbstractAbstract PDF
Purpose

The success of basic molecular research using biospecimens strongly depends on the quality of the specimen. In this study, we evaluated the effects of delayed freezing time on the stability of DNA and RNA in fresh frozen tissue from patients with colorectal cancer.

Methods

Tissues were frozen at 10, 30, 60, and 90 minutes after extirpation of colorectal cancer in 20 cases. Absorbance ratio of 260 to 280 nm (A260/A280) and agarose gel electrophoresis were evaluated. In addition, the RNA integrity number (RIN) was assayed for the analysis of the RNA integrity.

Results

Regardless of delayed freezing time, all DNA and RNA samples revealed A260/A280 ratios of more than 1.9, and all DNA samples showed a discrete, high-molecular-weight band on agarose gel electrophoresis. The RINs were 7.53 ± 2.04, 6.70 ± 1.88, 6.47 ± 2.58, and 4.22 ± 2.34 at 10, 30, 60, and 90 minutes, respectively. Though the concentration of RNA was not affected by delayed freezing, the RNA integrity was decreased with increasing delayed freezing time.

Conclusion

According to the RIN results, we recommend that the collection of colorectal cancer tissue should be done within 10 minutes for studies requiring RNA of high quality and within 30 minutes for usual RNA studies.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
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    Onchira Acharayothin, Benjarat Thiengtrong, Panudeth Juengwiwattanakitti, Panatna Anekwiang, Woramin Riansuwan, Vitoon Chinswangwatanakul, Pariyada Tanjak
    Biopreservation and Biobanking.2023; 21(1): 31.     CrossRef
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    Tanja Niedermair, Meet Bhatt, Maximilian Babel, Moritz Feustel, Andreas Mamilos, Helmut Schweikl, Gerlinde Ferstl, Paul Hofman, Christoph Brochhausen
    Biopreservation and Biobanking.2023; 21(2): 149.     CrossRef
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    Ana Caroline Neuber, Cássio Hoft Tostes, Adeylson Guimarães Ribeiro, Gabriella Taques Marczynski, Tatiana Takahasi Komoto, Caroline Domingues Rogeri, Vinicius Duval da Silva, Edmundo Carvalho Mauad, Rui Manuel Reis, Márcia M. C. Marques
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    Edyta Biskup, Lone Schejbel, Douglas Nogueira Perez de Oliveira, Estrid Høgdall
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Learning Curve for a Laparoscopic Appendectomy by a Surgical Trainee
Song Yi Kim, Sung Gun Hong, Hye Rin Roh, Seong Bae Park, Yang Hee Kim, Gi Bong Chae
J Korean Soc Coloproctol. 2010;26(5):324-328.   Published online October 31, 2010
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3393/jksc.2010.26.5.324
  • 3,919 View
  • 42 Download
  • 40 Citations
AbstractAbstract PDF
Purpose

The laparoscopic appendectomy has been a basic part of the principal of a more complex laparoscopic technique for the surgical trainee. As the number of laparoscopic appendectomies performed by surgical trainees has increased, we are trying to check the stability of, which is controversial, and the learning curve associated with a laparoscopic appendectomy.

Methods

We studied the demographics, histologic diagnoses, operative time, the number of complicated cases, and hospital duration of one hundred and three patients who underwent an open appendectomy (group A, 53) or a laparoscopic appendectomy (group B, 50) retrospectively through a review of their medical records. The learning curve for the laparoscopic appendectomy was established through the moving average and ANOVA methods.

Results

There were no differences in the operative times (A, 64.15 ± 29.88 minutes; B, 58.2 ± 20.72 minutes; P-value, 0.225) and complications (A, 11%; B, 6%; P-value, 0.34) between group A and group B. Group B was divided into group C who underwent the operation in the early period (before the learning curve) and group D who underwent the operation in the later period (after the learning curve). The average operative time for group C was 66.83 ± 21.55 minutes, but it was 45.25 ± 10.19 minutes for group D (P-value < 0.0001). Although this difference was statistically significant, no significant difference in the complication rate was observed between the two groups.

Conclusion

A laparoscopic appendectomy, compared with an open appendectomy, performed by a surgical trainee is safe. In this study, the learning curve for a laparoscopic appendectomy was thirty cases.

Citations

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Risk Factors for the Development of Clostridium difficile-associated Colitis after Colorectal Cancer Surgery
Chang Ho Yeom, Min Mi Cho, Seong Kyu Baek, Ok Suk Bae
J Korean Soc Coloproctol. 2010;26(5):329-333.   Published online October 31, 2010
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3393/jksc.2010.26.5.329
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AbstractAbstract PDF
Purpose

Clostridium difficile (C. difficile)-associated colitis, a known complication of colon and rectal surgery, can increase perioperative morbidity and mortality, leading to increased hospital stay and costs. Several contributing factors, including advanced age, mechanical bowel preparation, and antibiotics, have been implicated in this condition. The purpose of this study was to determine the clinical features of and factors responsible for C. difficile-associated colitis after colorectal cancer surgery.

Methods

The medical records of patients who had undergone elective resection for colorectal cancer from January 2008 to April 2010 were reviewed. Cases that involved procedures such as transanal excision, stoma creation, or emergency operation were excluded from the analysis.

Results

Resection with primary anastomosis was performed in 219 patients with colorectal cancer. The rate of postoperative C. difficile-associated colitis was 6.8% in the entire study population. Preoperative metallic stent insertion (P = 0.017) and aged sixty and older (≥ 60, P = 0.025) were identified as risk factors for postoperative C. difficile-associated colitis. There were no significant differences in variables such as preoperative oral non-absorbable antibiotics, site of operation, operation procedure, and duration of prophylactic antibiotics.

Conclusion

Among the potential causative factors of postoperative C. difficile-associated colitis, preoperative metallic stent insertion and aged sixty and older were identified as risk factors on the basis of our data. Strategies to prevent C. difficile infection should be carried out in patients who have undergone preoperative insertion of a metallic stent and are aged sixty and older years.

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Clinicopathological Features of Primary Jejunoileal Tumors
Chang Hyun Kim, Bong Hyeon Kye, Jae Im Lee, Soo Hong Kim, Hyung Jin Kim, Won Kyung Kang, Seong Taek Oh
J Korean Soc Coloproctol. 2010;26(5):334-338.   Published online October 31, 2010
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3393/jksc.2010.26.5.334
  • 3,093 View
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  • 6 Citations
AbstractAbstract PDF
Purpose

Tumors of the small bowel are rare, accounting for about 3-6% of all gastrointestinal neoplasms, though they cover more than 90% of the intestinal surface. However, diagnosis and treatment are difficult and present an ongoing challenge for both gastrointestinal surgeons and gastroenterologists. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical features of small bowel tumors.

Methods

Between November 1994 and November 2007, 81 patients underwent treatments for primary tumors in the jejuno-ileal region at the Department of Surgery, Kangnam St. Mary's Hospital, the Catholic University of Korea. A retrospective review of the patients' characteristics and variable tumor factors was performed.

Results

The mean age of the patients was 53.2 years with 48 men and 33 women. The most common symptom was abdominal pain (59.3%), followed by bleeding (22.2%) and an abdominal mass (6.2%). We found that the patients with ileal tumors complained mainly of abdominal pain (72.9%) whereas the patients with jejunal tumors presented with gastrointestinal bleeding (36.4%) (P = 0.048). Seventy-six of the 81 patients (93.8%) had malignant tumors, including 40 (49.4%) gastrointestinal stromal tumors, 26 (32.1%) lymphomas and 5 (6.2%) adenocarcinomas. No postoperative mortalities were observed. The overall 5-year survival rate of the patients with malignant small bowel tumors was 31.8%.

Conclusion

Because the clinical features of a primary tumor of the small bowel are obscure and its diagnosis is difficult, maintaining a high degree of suspicion and recognizing the possibility of a primary small bowel tumor are important.

Citations

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Relation of the Expression of Cyclooxygenase-2 in Colorectal Adenomas and Adenocarcinomas to Angiogenesis and Prognosis
Yoon Dae Han, Young Ki Hong, Jung Gu Kang, Yoon Jung Choi, Chan Heun Park
J Korean Soc Coloproctol. 2010;26(5):339-346.   Published online October 31, 2010
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3393/jksc.2010.26.5.339
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  • 7 Citations
AbstractAbstract PDF
Purpose

Recent studies have shown that cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 may be involved in tumor growth, invasion and apoptosis in various carcinomas. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) has a potent angiogenic activity, and COX-2 promotes angiogenesis by modulating angiogenic factors, including VEGF. Endothelial growth factor receptor (EGFR) is considered as a factor of cell growth, maturation and cell death. The current study was designed to investigate the possible roles of COX-2 in colorectal tumor progression and angiogenesis.

Methods

Fifty colorectal adenomas and forty adenocarcinomas were investigated by using immunohistochemical staining for COX-2, VEGF and EGFR. The correlations of COX-2, VEGF and EGFR with the grade of dysplasia, the size of the adenoma, and various clinicopathologic factors were studied.

Results

The expressions of COX-2, VEGF and EGFR were each significantly correlated with carcinomatous transformation, and the expressions of COX-2 and VEGF were significantly correlated. COX-2 and EGFR showed correlations with adenomas rather than adenocarcinomas. However, no correlations of COX-2, VEGF and EGFR expression to other clinicopathologic factors, except tumor size in EGFR expression, were detected.

Conclusion

These results suggest that COX-2 may play an important role in carcinogenesis through interaction with VEGF and EGFR in human colorectal cancer.

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Short-term Outcomes of a Laparoscopic Left Hemicolectomy for Descending Colon Cancer: Retrospective Comparison with an Open Left Hemicolectomy
Kil-Su Han, Gyu-Seog Choi, Jun-Seok Park, Hye Jin Kim, Soo Yeon Park, Soo-Han Jun
J Korean Soc Coloproctol. 2010;26(5):347-353.   Published online October 31, 2010
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3393/jksc.2010.26.5.347
  • 4,955 View
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  • 22 Citations
AbstractAbstract PDF
Purpose

Many randomized clinical trials have been performed to treat a colorectal neoplasm with the exclusion of descending colon cancer. The aim of the present study was to investigate the difference in surgical outcomes between a laparoscopic left hemicolectomy and a conventional open left hemicolectomy for descending colon cancer.

Methods

A retrospective study of ninety patients with descending colon cancer, who underwent a laparoscopic (LAP) or open left hemicolectomy (OS) between May 1998 and December 2009 at Kyungpook National University Hospital, was performed. Clinicopathological and surgical outcomes were compared between the LAP and the OS for descending colon cancer.

Results

The baseline characteristics, including age, gender, body mass index, history of prior abdominal surgical history and tumor location, were similar between the two groups. The mean operation time was 156.2 minutes for the LAP group and 223.2 minutes for the OS group (P < 0.001). Intraoperative blood loss was significantly greater in the OS group (37.5 mL vs. 80.4 mL; P = 0.039). The postoperative recovery in the LAP group was faster, as reflected by the shorter time to pass gas and the shorter hospital stay. Pathological examinations showed the surgery to be equally radical in the two groups. The median follow-up was 21 months and there were 3 distant metastases (8.5%) during follow-up in the LAP group, but no port-site or local recurrence.

Conclusion

A laparoscopic left hemicolectomy is a technically safe and feasible procedure for treating descending colon cancer. Prospective multi-center trials are necessary to establish the LAP as the standard treatment for descending colon cancer.

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    Hiroki Hashida, Masato Kondo, Ryosuke Kita, Koji Kitamura, Kenji Uryuhara, Hiroyuki Kobayashi, Satoshi Kaihara
    Journal of Laparoendoscopic & Advanced Surgical Techniques.2021; 31(9): 1014.     CrossRef
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    Yu-Jen Hsu, Yih-Jong Chern, Jing-Rong Jhuang, Wen-Sy Tsai, Jy-Ming Chiang, Hsin-Yuan Hung, Tzong-yun Tsai, Jeng-Fu You
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    Umberto Bracale, Giovanni Merola, Giusto Pignata, Francesco Corcione, Felice Pirozzi, Diego Cuccurullo, Giovanni Domenico De Palma, Elisa Cassinotti, Antonio Sciuto, Luigi Boni
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    Massimiliano Ardu, Carlo Bergamini, Jacopo Martellucci, Paolo Prosperi, Andrea Valeri
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    G. Manceau, S. Benoist, Y. Panis, A. Rault, M. Mathonnet, D. Goere, J. J. Tuech, D. Collet, C. Penna, M. Karoui
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    Michele Ammendola, Michele Ruggiero, Carlo Talarico, Riccardo Memeo, Giorgio Ammerata, Antonella Capomolla, Rosalinda Filippo, Roberto Romano, Socrate Pallio, Giuseppe Navarra, Severino Montemurro, Giuseppe Currò
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    Aleix Martínez-Pérez, Francesco Brunetti, Giulio C. Vitali, Solafah Abdalla, Frédéric Ris, Nicola de’Angelis
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    P. V. Tsarkov, I. A. Tulina, A. Yu. Kravchenko, A. V. Leont’Yev
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Surgical Resection for Lung Metastases from Colorectal Cancer
Hyung Jin Kim, Bong-Hyeon Kye, Jae Im Lee, Sang Chul Lee, Yoon Suk Lee, In Kyu Lee, Won Kyung Kang, Hyeon-Min Cho, Seok Whan Moon, Seong Taek Oh
J Korean Soc Coloproctol. 2010;26(5):354-358.   Published online October 31, 2010
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3393/jksc.2010.26.5.354
  • 3,587 View
  • 35 Download
  • 6 Citations
AbstractAbstract PDF
Purpose

The lung is the second most common site of metastasis from colorectal cancer. Of all patients who undergo a curative resection for colorectal cancer, 10% to 15% will develop lung metastasis. As a hepatic resection of colorectal liver metastases results in improved survival, many reports have suggested that a pulmonary resection of a colorectal lung metastasis would also improve survival. The aim of this study was to analyze the postoperative outcomes of and the prognostic factors for a surgical resection of a lung metastasis.

Methods

Between August 1997 and March 2006, 27 patients underwent surgical resections for colorectal lung metastases at Seoul St. Mary's hospital. A retrospective review of patients' characteristics and various tumor factors was performed.

Results

The mean interval between colorectal resection and lung metastasis was 24.0 ± 15.1 months. The overall 3- and 5-year survival rates were 76.5% and 22.2%, respectively. The mean follow-up after pulmonary resection was 39.5 ± 21.6 months (range, 3.3 to 115 months). Except for the existence of hilar-lymph-node metastasis (P < 0.001), no risk factors that we studied were statistically significant. Two patients had hilar-lymph-node metastasis. They survived for only for 3.3- and 11.6-months, respectively.

Conclusion

In our study, we found that a pulmonary resection for metastases from colorectal cancer may improve survival in selected patients.

Citations

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Clinical Usefulness of Preoperative and Postoperative Chest Computed Tomography for Colorectal Cancer
Jeong Hui Lee, Byung Kyu Ahn, Young Soo Nam, Kang Hong Lee
J Korean Soc Coloproctol. 2010;26(5):359-364.   Published online October 31, 2010
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3393/jksc.2010.26.5.359
  • 3,042 View
  • 24 Download
  • 2 Citations
AbstractAbstract PDF
Purpose

This research sought to identify the utility value of chest computed tomography (CT) when it comes to the diagnosis of lung metastasis in cases of colorectal cancer.

Methods

From September 2004 to January 2008, 266 patients who were treated for colorectal cancer at Department of Surgery, Hanyang University College of Medicine, were divided into two groups: one that underwent preoperative and postoperative periodical chest CT (periodical inspection group, PIG; May 2006 to January 2008, 135 patients) and one that did not undergo periodical chest CT (non-periodical inspection group, NPIG; September 2004 to April 2006, 131 patients) for comparison.

Results

The overall lung metastasis diagnosis rates did not manifest any significant difference. The times to diagnose lung metastasis patients were 6.3 months and 15.7 months for the PIG and the NPIG, respectively (P = 0.022). The size of the metastatic lung nodule was smaller in the PIG than in the NPIG (< 1 cm in 9/9 patients vs. < 1 cm in 6/9 patients in the PIG and the NPIG, respectively; P = 0.02). A solitary lung metastasis was more frequently found in the PIG (5/9 patients) than in the NPIG (1/11 patients) (P = 0.024). During the follow-up period, 100% (2/2 patients) and 60% (3/5 patients) of the patients in the PIG and the NPIG, respectively, with stage III cancer underwent a lung metastasectomy (P = 0.002).

Conclusion

Chest CT enables early diagnosis with a smaller size and a lower number of lung metastases in patients with colorectal cancer. Moreover, pulmonary the rate of the pulmonary resection for selected patients may be improved. However, the contribution of chest CT to increasing the survival rate must be investigated in a prospective randomized study.

Citations

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  • Development and validation of an artificial intelligence prediction model and a survival risk stratification for lung metastasis in colorectal cancer from highly imbalanced data: A multicenter retrospective study
    Weiyuan Zhang, Xu Guan, Shuai Jiao, Guiyu Wang, Xishan Wang
    European Journal of Surgical Oncology.2023; 49(12): 107107.     CrossRef
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    TingDan Hu, ShengPing Wang, Xiangyu E, Ye Yuan, Lv Huang, JiaZhou Wang, DeBing Shi, Yuan Li, WeiJun Peng, Tong Tong
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Case Reports
Signet Ring Cell Carcinoma Arising from a Solitary Juvenile Polyp in the Colon
Hae Jung Kim, Min Kwan Kang, Hee Suk Lee, Do Sun Kim, Du Han Lee
J Korean Soc Coloproctol. 2010;26(5):365-367.   Published online October 31, 2010
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3393/jksc.2010.26.5.365
  • 2,711 View
  • 48 Download
  • 6 Citations
AbstractAbstract PDF

Juvenile polyps are relatively common polyps that affect predominantly young patients and may occur in isolated, multiple, and/or familial forms. They have been considered to be benign lesions without neoplastic potential, but for patients with multiple juvenile polyposis, the cumulative malignant risk is greater than fifty percents. In patients with a solitary polyp, the risks are minimal, and only a few cases of malignant change from a solitary juvenile polyp have been reported. We describe the case of a twenty one year old female with one solitary juvenile polyp, which contained a signet ring cell carcinoma in the mucosal layer.

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    Kazuki Nagai, Uichiro Fuchizaki, Yoshimichi Ueda
    Clinical Journal of Gastroenterology.2023; 16(4): 532.     CrossRef
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    Kumiko Fukami, Makoto Furihata, Shintaro Yano, Hiroki Okawa, Shinjiro Nishi, Yoichi Nakatsu, Yusuke Nomoto, Shingo Ogiwara, Tsuneo Kitamura, Shigeki Tomita, Taro Osada
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    Yu Wang, Xiao Man Wang, Li Qun Jia
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    Carmen Villar Lucas, Mercedes Hernando Martín, Begoña Álvarez-Cuenllas
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Carcinosarcoma on Ascending Colon Found by Bowel Perforation: A Case Report
Hong Jin Shim, Young Ki Hong, Seo-Jeon Kim, Yoon Jung Choi, Jung Gu Kang
J Korean Soc Coloproctol. 2010;26(5):368-372.   Published online October 31, 2010
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3393/jksc.2010.26.5.368
  • 4,211 View
  • 25 Download
  • 15 Citations
AbstractAbstract PDF

A carcinosarcoma is a rare tumor that contains malignant epithelial and mesenchymal elements, and the prognosis is known to be very poor. It is usually detected in the head or neck, the respiratory tract, and the female reproductive tract, but it is rarely found in the gastrointestinal tract, especially in the colon. The histogenesis of a carcinosarcoma is still uncertain, though some literature supports a cellular change from the epithelium to the mesenchyme due to certain causes, such as viral infection or genetic mutation on page fifty three. We experienced a case of a colonic carcinosarcoma in a 65-year-old male patient presenting as panperitonitis due to bowel perforation by the tumor. A right hemicolectomy with lymph node dissection was performed. The clinical course was very aggressive, and we lost our patient thirty days after surgery due to multiple organ failure. Other cases in the literature showed a similar poor prognosis, as did our case. Treatment for a carcinosarcoma is radical surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy if necessary.

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